Approximation and Estimation: Whole Numbers and Decimals Mathematics Primary 6 First Term Lesson Notes Week 10

Lesson Plan for Week 10

Subject: Mathematics
Class: Primary 6
Term: First Term
Week: 10
Age: 11 years
Topic: Approximation and Estimation
Sub-Topic: Whole Numbers, Decimal Numbers, Quantitative Reasoning
Duration: 60 minutes

Behavioral Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Round whole numbers to the nearest ten, hundred, and thousand.
2. Round decimal numbers to the nearest whole number and tenths.
3. Solve quantitative reasoning problems related to approximation and estimation.

Keywords

• Approximation
• Estimation
• Rounding
• Whole Numbers
• Decimal Numbers
• Quantitative Reasoning

Set Induction

Start with a discussion on why approximation and estimation are useful in everyday life, such as in budgeting or measuring. Show simple examples of how rounding is used.

Entry Behavior

Pupils should be familiar with basic rounding rules and have an understanding of whole numbers and decimal numbers.

Learning Resources and Materials

• Number charts
• Rounding guides
• Examples of approximation in real-life scenarios
• Worksheets for practice

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge

Connect the concept of approximation to previous lessons on rounding and estimation. Discuss how approximations can simplify calculations and make problem-solving easier.

Embedded Core Skills

• Number Sense
• Estimation
• Problem-Solving

Learning Materials

• Lagos State Scheme of Work
• Number charts
• Rounding guides

Reference Books

• Lagos State Scheme of Work
• New General Mathematics for Primary Schools

Instructional Materials

• Whiteboard/Chalkboard
• Markers/Chalk
• Worksheets for practice problems

Content

1. Rounding Whole Numbers
   • To the Nearest Ten:
     • Example: 47 rounded to the nearest ten is 50.
   • To the Nearest Hundred:
     • Example: 345 rounded to the nearest hundred is 300.
   • To the Nearest Thousand:
     • Example: 2,678 rounded to the nearest thousand is 3,000.
2. Rounding Decimal Numbers
   • To the Nearest Whole Number:
     • Example: 7.8 rounded to the nearest whole number is 8.
   • To the Nearest Tenths:
     • Example: 3.76 rounded to the nearest tenth is 3.8.
3. Quantitative Reasoning Problems
   • Example Problem 1: Estimate the total cost of 27 items priced at approximately $18 each.
     • Solution: Round $18 to $20, so 27 items at $20 each is $540.
   • Example Problem 2: Round the following numbers to the nearest hundred: 235, 678, and 1,234.
     • Solution: 235 → 200, 678 → 700, 1,234 → 1,200.

15 Fill-in-the-Blank Questions with Options

1. 56 rounded to the nearest ten is _______.
   a) 50
   b) 60
   c) 55
   d) 45
2. 873 rounded to the nearest hundred is _______.
   a) 900
   b) 800
   c) 850
   d) 870
3. 4.67 rounded to the nearest whole number is _______.
   a) 4
   b) 5
   c) 4.5
   d) 6
4. 7.39 rounded to the nearest tenth is _______.
   a) 7.3
   b) 7.4
   c) 7.0
   d) 7.5
5. The number 1,542 rounded to the nearest thousand is _______.
   a) 1,000
   b) 1,500
   c) 2,000
   d) 1,600
6. 36.4 rounded to the nearest whole number is _______.
   a) 36
   b) 37
   c) 40
   d) 35
7. 2,479 rounded to the nearest hundred is _______.
   a) 2,500
   b) 2,400
   c) 2,450
   d) 2,470
8. 15.76 rounded to the nearest tenth is _______.
   a) 15.8
   b) 15.7
   c) 16.0
   d) 15.5
9. 992 rounded to the nearest ten is _______.
   a) 990
   b) 1000
   c) 995
   d) 980
10. 8.42 rounded to the nearest whole number is _______.
    a) 8
    b) 9
    c) 8.5
    d) 8.4
11. 142 rounded to the nearest hundred is _______.
    a) 100
    b) 150
    c) 200
    d) 140
12. 3.14 rounded to the nearest tenth is _______.
    a) 3.1
    b) 3.2
    c) 3.0
    d) 3.5
13. 7,682 rounded to the nearest thousand is _______.
    a) 7,000
    b) 7,600
    c) 8,000
    d) 7,700
14. 25.78 rounded to the nearest tenth is _______.
    a) 25.8
    b) 25.7
    c) 26.0
    d) 25.5
15. 432 rounded to the nearest ten is _______.
    a) 430
    b) 400
    c) 440
    d) 420

10 FAQs with Answers

1. Q: What does it mean to round a number?
   A: Rounding a number means adjusting it to a nearby, often simpler number that is easier to work with.
2. Q: How do you round whole numbers to the nearest ten?
   A: Look at the unit digit. If it’s 5 or more, round up. If it’s less than 5, round down.
3. Q: How do you round decimal numbers to the nearest whole number?
   A: Look at the tenths place. If it’s 5 or more, round up. If it’s less than 5, round down.
4. Q: Why is approximation useful?
   A: Approximation simplifies calculations and provides a quick estimate, useful in everyday situations.
5. Q: How do you round to the nearest hundred?
   A: Look at the tens digit. If it’s 5 or more, round up to the next hundred. If it’s less than 5, round down.
6. Q: What is the difference between rounding and estimating?
   A: Rounding adjusts numbers to the nearest specified place, while estimating provides a general approximation.
7. Q: How do you round decimal numbers to the nearest tenths place?
   A: Look at the hundredths place. If it’s 5 or more, round up. If it’s less than 5, round down.
8. Q: Can you round large numbers?
   A: Yes, you can round large numbers to the nearest ten, hundred, thousand, etc.
9. Q: How does rounding affect calculations?
   A: Rounding makes numbers simpler and faster to use in calculations, but it may reduce precision.
10. Q: When should you use estimation?
    A: Use estimation when you need a quick, approximate answer rather than an exact figure.

10 Evaluation Questions

1. Round 7,845 to the nearest thousand.
2. What is 12.67 rounded to the nearest whole number?
3. Round 352 to the nearest hundred.
4. If a number is 6.89, what is it when rounded to the nearest tenth?
5. The number 1,299 rounded to the nearest hundred is _______.
6. Round 54.32 to the nearest whole number.
7. If 93 is rounded to the nearest ten, what is the result?
8. Round 4.76 to the nearest tenth.
9. What is the number 2,456 rounded to the nearest thousand?
10. Round 9.81 to the nearest whole number.

This Week 10 lesson plan focuses on approximation and estimation for whole numbers and decimal numbers. Pupils will learn rounding techniques and solve quantitative reasoning problems