Farm Animal Diseases Agricultural Science JSS 3 First Term Lesson Notes Week 1

Agricultural Science JSS 3 First Term Lesson Notes Week 1

Subject: Agricultural Science
Class: JSS 3
Term: First Term
Week: 1
Age: 12 years
Topic: Animal Diseases
Sub-topic: Overview of Major Animal Diseases
Duration: 40 minutes

Behavioural Objectives: By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

1. Identify and describe major animal diseases.
2. Explain the causes and effects of these diseases.
3. Discuss prevention and control methods.

Keywords: Animal diseases, viral infections, hemorrhagic fever, contagious, non-contagious.

Set Induction: Begin the lesson by asking students if they know any diseases that affect animals and why it is important to know about these diseases.

Entry Behaviour: Students should have basic knowledge of animal health and general diseases.

Learning Resources and Materials:

• Charts of animal diseases
• Pictures of affected animals
• Videos about animal diseases

Building Background / Connection to Prior Knowledge: Discuss basic animal health and the impact of diseases on agriculture.

Embedded Core Skills:

• Critical thinking
• Research skills
• Communication

Learning Materials:

• Textbooks
• Reference books (e.g., Lagos State Scheme of Work)
• Internet resources

Instructional Materials:

• Charts and diagrams
• Pictures of diseases
• Videos showing symptoms and effects

Content:

1. Animal Disease Definition:
   • An impairment of an animal’s normal state that interrupts or modifies its vital functions.
2. African Horse Sickness (AHS):
   • Description: Highly fatal, non-contagious.
   • Affected Animals: Horses, mules, donkeys.
   • Cause: AHS virus.
3. African Swine Fever (ASF):
   • Description: Hemorrhagic fever causing high mortality in pigs.
   • Affected Animals: Domestic pigs.
   • Cause: ASF virus.
4. Avian Influenza (Bird Flu):
   • Description: Influenza A viruses (AIV) affecting birds.
   • Characteristics: Low pathogenicity (LPAIV).
5. Bluetongue (BT):
   • Description: Disease in ruminants transmitted by midges.
   • Cause: Orbivirus.
   • Serotypes: At least 24 different types.
6. Classical Swine Fever (CSF):
   • Description: Highly contagious viral disease.
   • Affected Animals: Pigs and wild boar.
   • Cause: CSF virus.
7. Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF):
   • Description: Viral hemorrhagic fever.
   • Cause: Tick-borne Nairovirus.
   • Affected Animals: Animals and humans.
8. Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD):
   • Description: Contagious viral disease.
   • Affected Animals: Cloven-hoofed animals.
   • Cause: FMD virus.
9. Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD):
   • Description: Caused by a pox virus in ruminants.
   • Cause: Capripox virus.
10. Newcastle Disease (ND):
    • Description: A viral disease in birds.
    • Cause: Paramyxoviridae family virus.
11. Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR):
    • Description: Contagious disease in small ruminants.
    • Affected Animals: Goats and sheep.
    • Cause: PPR virus.
12. Rift Valley Fever (RVF):
    • Description: Viral zoonosis affecting animals and humans.
    • Cause: RVF virus.
13. Rinderpest:
    • Description: Acute, often fatal disease.
    • Affected Animals: Cattle and other ruminants.
    • Cause: Rinderpest virus (RPV).
14. Schmallenberg Virus (SBV):
    • Description: Causes malformations and stillbirths.
    • Affected Animals: Cattle, sheep, goats, bison.
    • Cause: SBV virus.

Evaluation:

1. African Horse Sickness is caused by the ______ virus. (a) ASF (b) AHS (c) ND (d) RVF
2. The disease causing hemorrhagic fever in pigs is ______. (a) FMD (b) ASF (c) CSF (d) LSD
3. Avian Influenza is caused by ______ viruses. (a) LPAIV (b) ND (c) PPR (d) AHS
4. Bluetongue is transmitted by ______. (a) Ticks (b) Midges (c) Direct contact (d) Contaminated water
5. Classical Swine Fever is also known as ______. (a) Hog Cholera (b) Rift Valley Fever (c) Foot and Mouth Disease (d) Lumpy Skin Disease
6. Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever is caused by ______. (a) Nairovirus (b) Capripox virus (c) PPR virus (d) ASF virus
7. Foot and Mouth Disease affects ______ animals. (a) Horses (b) Swine (c) Cloven-hoofed animals (d) Birds
8. Lumpy Skin Disease is caused by a ______ virus. (a) Pox (b) Paramyxoviridae (c) Orbivirus (d) Nairovirus
9. Newcastle Disease affects ______ species. (a) Fish (b) Birds (c) Mammals (d) Reptiles
10. Peste des Petits Ruminants primarily affects ______. (a) Cattle (b) Pigs (c) Goats and sheep (d) Horses
11. Rift Valley Fever can also infect ______. (a) Only animals (b) Only humans (c) Animals and humans (d) Birds
12. Rinderpest is also known as ______. (a) LSD (b) ASF (c) PPR (d) Cattle plague
13. Schmallenberg Virus causes ______. (a) Respiratory issues (b) Skin diseases (c) Malformations and stillbirths (d) Digestive problems
14. African Swine Fever is ______ contagious. (a) Highly (b) Lowly (c) Not (d) Moderately
15. Avian Influenza is a type of ______ virus. (a) Pox (b) Paramyxoviridae (c) LPAIV (d) Nairovirus

Class Activity Discussion:

1. Q: What is African Horse Sickness?
   A: A highly fatal, non-contagious disease affecting horses, mules, and donkeys.
2. Q: How does African Swine Fever affect pigs?
   A: It causes high mortality rates shortly after infection.
3. Q: What is the main cause of Avian Influenza?
   A: Influenza A viruses (AIV).
4. Q: How is Bluetongue transmitted?
   A: By midges.
5. Q: What animals are affected by Classical Swine Fever?
   A: Pigs and wild boar.
6. Q: What causes Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever?
   A: Tick-borne Nairovirus.
7. Q: What type of animals are affected by Foot and Mouth Disease?
   A: Cloven-hoofed animals.
8. Q: What is Lumpy Skin Disease caused by?
   A: A pox virus.
9. Q: Which virus causes Newcastle Disease?
   A: A virus from the Paramyxoviridae family.
10. Q: What animals are primarily affected by Peste des Petits Ruminants?
    A: Goats and sheep.
11. Q: What is Rift Valley Fever?
    A: A viral zoonosis affecting animals and humans.
12. Q: What does Rinderpest cause in cattle?
    A: An acute and often fatal disease.
13. Q: What does Schmallenberg Virus cause?
    A: Congenital malformations and stillbirths.
14. Q: What is the impact of African Swine Fever on pig populations?
    A: It causes very high mortality rates.
15. Q: How does Avian Influenza affect birds?
    A: It often causes low pathogenicity (LPAIV) symptoms.

Presentation:

1. Step 1: The teacher revises the previous topic which was an introduction to animal health.
2. Step 2: The teacher introduces the new topic as follows: Major animal diseases, their causes, and effects.
3. Step 3: The teacher allows the pupils to give their own contributions and corrects them as needed.

Teacher’s Activities:

• Present information on each disease.
• Facilitate discussion and answer questions.
• Use visual aids and videos to enhance understanding.

Learners’ Activities:

• Participate in discussions.
• Answer questions and complete evaluation tasks.
• Engage with visual and interactive materials.

Assessment:

• Evaluate students’ understanding through the fill-in-the-blank questions and class discussion.

Evaluation Questions:

1. What is the main cause of African Horse Sickness?
2. How does African Swine Fever impact pig populations?
3. Describe how Avian Influenza spreads among birds.
4. What is Bluetongue and how is it transmitted?
5. What are the symptoms of Classical Swine Fever?
6. How does Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever affect humans and animals?
7. Identify the animals affected by Foot and Mouth Disease.
8. What virus causes Lumpy Skin Disease?
9. Describe Newcastle Disease and its impact on birds.
10. What are the effects of Peste des Petits Ruminants on goats and sheep?

Conclusion: The teacher will go around to mark students’ work, provide feedback, and ensure that all students understand the topic.

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