Understanding and Using the Present Perfect Tense Structure English Grammar Primary 5 First Term Lesson Notes Week 10

Lesson Plan: English Grammar – Primary 5 First Term

Subject: English Grammar
Class: Primary 5
Term: First Term
Week: 10
Age: 9 years
Topic: Present Perfect Tense
Sub-topic: Understanding and Using the Present Perfect Tense
Duration: 60 minutes
Behavioural Objectives:
By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Explain the present perfect tense.
2. Provide examples of the present perfect tense.
3. Convert present tense sentences to present perfect tense with examples.

Keywords: Present Perfect Tense, Examples, Conversion, Present Tense, Action, Completion
Set Induction:
The teacher will start by asking students about their recent experiences and actions they have completed recently. This will lead into a discussion about how to describe such actions using the present perfect tense.

Entry Behaviour:
Students should be familiar with the present tense and basic sentence structure.

Learning Resources and Materials:

• Whiteboard and markers
• Worksheets for practice
• Flashcards with tense examples
• Sentence strips

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge:
The lesson connects to previous knowledge of the present tense by expanding to include the present perfect tense, which describes actions that have been completed at some unspecified time before now.

Embedded Core Skills:

• Grammar skills in understanding verb tenses.
• Writing skills in constructing sentences with the present perfect tense.

Learning Materials:

• Flashcards
• Sentence strips
• Worksheets

Reference Books:

• Lagos State Scheme of Work
• Primary English Textbook

Instructional Materials:

• Whiteboard and markers
• Worksheets
• Flashcards

Content

1. Explanation of Present Perfect Tense:
   • Definition: The present perfect tense describes actions that have been completed at some point in the past but are relevant to the present moment.
   • Structure: The present perfect tense is formed using “has” or “have” + past participle of the verb.
     • Example: “She has finished her homework.”
2. Examples of Present Perfect Tense:
   • Positive Sentences:
     • “I have visited Paris.”
     • “They have eaten lunch.”
   • Negative Sentences:
     • “He has not played football.”
     • “We have not seen that movie.”
   • Questions:
     • “Have you read the book?”
     • “Has she completed the assignment?”
3. Converting Present Tense to Present Perfect Tense:
   • Present Tense Sentence: “She writes a letter.”
   • Present Perfect Tense Sentence: “She has written a letter.”
   • Practice Conversions:
     • Convert: “They play soccer.” → “They have played soccer.”
     • Convert: “I study hard.” → “I have studied hard.”

Evaluation (15 Fill-in-the-Blank Questions with Options)

1. The present perfect tense is formed using “has” or “have” + __. (a. base form, b. present participle, c. past participle)
2. “She has gone to school.” This sentence is in the __ tense. (a. past, b. present perfect, c. future)
3. “We have not finished the project.” This is an example of a __ sentence. (a. positive, b. negative, c. question)
4. “Have you seen that film?” This is an example of a __ sentence. (a. statement, b. negative, c. question)
5. “He has worked here for five years.” The word “worked” is the __. (a. present, b. past, c. past participle)
6. Convert to present perfect: “I read the book.” → “I __ read the book.” (a. has, b. have, c. had)
7. “She has finished her homework.” Identify the auxiliary verb in this sentence. (a. finished, b. homework, c. has)
8. “They have not eaten dinner.” Identify the main verb in the sentence. (a. eaten, b. have, c. not)
9. “He has lived here all his life.” The word “lived” is the __. (a. present, b. past participle, c. future)
10. “We have traveled to many places.” The verb “traveled” is in the __ tense. (a. simple past, b. past participle, c. present)
11. Convert to present perfect: “She studies every day.” → “She __ studied every day.” (a. has, b. had, c. will)
12. “Have you completed the task?” This is an example of a __ question. (a. negative, b. positive, c. yes/no)
13. “They have not started the project.” The phrase “have not started” indicates __. (a. past perfect, b. present perfect, c. simple past)
14. “I have visited the museum.” The verb “visited” is a __. (a. past participle, b. present participle, c. base form)
15. Convert to present perfect: “She speaks French.” → “She __ spoken French.” (a. has, b. had, c. will)

Class Activity Discussion (15 FAQs with Answers)

1. Q: What is the present perfect tense used for?
   A: It is used to describe actions that have been completed at some point before now and are relevant to the present.
2. Q: How is the present perfect tense formed?
   A: Using “has” or “have” + past participle of the verb.
3. Q: Can you provide an example of a positive sentence in the present perfect tense?
   A: “She has traveled to Japan.”
4. Q: How do you form a negative sentence in the present perfect tense?
   A: Add “not” after “has” or “have.” For example, “They have not finished their homework.”
5. Q: What is an example of a question in the present perfect tense?
   A: “Have you ever been to the zoo?”
6. Q: How do you convert a present tense sentence to the present perfect tense?
   A: Add “has” or “have” and use the past participle. For example, “She reads the book” becomes “She has read the book.”
7. Q: What is the past participle of the verb “write”?
   A: “Written.”
8. Q: What auxiliary verbs are used in the present perfect tense?
   A: “Has” and “have.”
9. Q: What is the role of the auxiliary verb “has” in the present perfect tense?
   A: It helps form the tense with singular subjects, especially in the third person.
10. Q: What is the past participle form of “eat”?
    A: “Eaten.”
11. Q: Provide an example of converting “He plays soccer” into the present perfect tense.
    A: “He has played soccer.”
12. Q: What are the forms of the verb “to go” in the present perfect tense?
    A: “Has gone” or “have gone.”
13. Q: Why do we use the present perfect tense?
    A: To talk about actions that have an impact on the present or have occurred at an unspecified time.
14. Q: How do you differentiate between present perfect and simple past?
    A: Present perfect describes actions with relevance to the present, while simple past describes actions completed in the past with no connection to the present.
15. Q: Can you convert “They do not play tennis” into the present perfect tense?
    A: “They have not played tennis.”

Presentation

Step 1: The teacher will review the present tense, explaining how the present perfect tense is used to describe actions relevant to the present.
Step 2: The teacher will introduce the present perfect tense, explaining its structure, usage, and providing examples.
Step 3: Pupils will practice converting present tense sentences to present perfect tense and discuss their findings, with the teacher correcting any mistakes.

Teacher’s Activities

1. Introduce and explain the present perfect tense.
2. Provide examples and guide pupils through practice exercises.
3. Monitor pupils’ work and correct errors.
4. Facilitate discussions on the differences between present and present perfect tenses.

Learners’ Activities

1. Participate in discussions about the present perfect tense.
2. Complete practice exercises on converting present tense sentences.
3. Create sentences and examples using the present perfect tense.

Assessment

1. Define the present perfect tense and give an example.
2. Convert the present tense sentence “I play the piano” to present perfect tense.
3. Identify the auxiliary verb in a given present perfect tense sentence.
4. Describe the difference between present tense and present perfect tense.
5. Provide a past participle form of common verbs and use them in sentences.

Evaluation Questions

1. What is the structure of the present perfect tense?
2. Provide an example of a positive sentence in the present perfect tense.
3. How do you convert a present tense sentence to the present perfect tense?
4. What are the auxiliary verbs used in the present perfect tense?
5. Explain the difference between present perfect and simple past tenses.
6. Convert “She goes to the market” into the present perfect tense.
7. Provide an example of a negative sentence in the present perfect tense.
8. What is the past participle of the verb “see”?
9. How is the present perfect tense used to show relevance to the present?
10. Give an example of a question in the present perfect tense.

Conclusion

The teacher will go around the class to mark pupils’ work and provide feedback. The teacher will also review any common errors and clarify any misunderstandings about the present perfect tense.