Understanding Sickness, Illness, and Disease: A Guide for Primary 5 Students Physical and Health Education Primary 5 Third Term Lesson Notes Week 6
Subject: Physical and Health Education
Class: Primary 5
Term: Third Term
Week: 6
Topic: Understanding Sickness and Illness
Sub-topic: Exploring the Meaning and Prevention
Duration: 45 minutes
Behavioural Objectives:
- Students will understand the difference between sickness and illness.
- Students will recognize the importance of preventing sickness and diseases.
- Students will be able to identify key strategies for maintaining good health.
Key Vocabulary Words:
- Disease
- Pathogens
- Sickness
- Illness
- Contagious
- Hygiene
Learning Resources and Materials:
- Whiteboard and markers
- Visual aids (pictures of pathogens, healthy foods, hygiene practices)
- Handouts on preventive measures
Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge:
- Begin by asking students if they have ever felt sick or ill and how they dealt with it.
- Connect with previous lessons on nutrition and hygiene, emphasizing their role in preventing sickness and illness.
Embedded Core Skills:
- Communication
- Critical thinking
- Problem-solving
Learning Materials:
- Handouts on the six classes of food and hygiene practices
- Pictures illustrating sickness, illness, and preventive measures
Content:
MEANING OF SICKNESS AND ILLNESS
Disease:
- Impairment of health or abnormal functioning.
- Caused by pathogens like viruses, bacteria, or other microorganisms.
Sickness:
- State when the body feels uncomfortable or unsound.
- Can involve physical or emotional disturbance.
Prevention of Sickness:
- Eat balanced diet with all six food classes.
- Maintain good hygiene practices.
Illness:
- Period of being unwell due to disease.
- Contagious illnesses can spread from person to person.
Seeking Medical Help:
- Visit a doctor when feeling sick for diagnosis and treatment.
- Use medication prescribed by the doctor for recovery.
Example:
- If you have a fever, headache, or stomach ache, you might be sick.
- Washing hands regularly can prevent sickness by removing germs.
Emoji: 🤒💊🚑
Class Activity Discussion
- What is a disease?
- A disease is when the body doesn’t work normally and causes health problems.
- What are pathogens?
- Pathogens are tiny things like viruses or bacteria that can make us sick.
- What does sickness mean?
- Sickness is when our bodies feel uncomfortable or not well.
- Why should someone see a doctor when they are sick?
- To find out what’s wrong and get the right medicine to feel better.
- How can we prevent sickness?
- By eating healthy foods and keeping clean.
- What is illness?
- Illness is when we feel unwell because of a disease, and it can spread if it’s contagious.
- Why is it important to eat a balanced diet?
- Eating different types of healthy food keeps us strong and less likely to get sick.
- What should we do to stay healthy?
- Besides eating well, we should also wash our hands often to avoid getting sick.
- Can illness be passed from one person to another?
- Yes, if it’s contagious, like a cold or the flu.
- What can we do if we feel sick?
- See a doctor, take the medicine they give us, and rest until we feel better.
- What happens when we’re physically disturbed?
- Our bodies may feel weak or not as strong as usual.
- Why do we need to maintain good hygiene?
- So we don’t get germs on our hands or body that can make us sick.
- How can we tell if someone is emotionally disturbed?
- They might seem sad or upset.
- What’s the difference between illness and sickness?
- Illness is when we feel unwell because of a disease, while sickness is just a general feeling of being unwell.
- What should we do if we’re unsure about our health?
- It’s always best to talk to a grown-up or a doctor who can help us feel better.
Evaluation
- A disease is an impairment of health or abnormal __________. a) eating b) functioning c) sleeping d) exercising
- Pathogens are agents that produce __________. a) health b) sickness c) happiness d) sadness
- Sickness refers to a state when the body feels __________. a) comfortable b) unsound c) active d) sleepy
- When one is emotionally disturbed, they may experience __________. a) happiness b) sadness c) excitement d) energy
- Seeking medical help when sick involves visiting a __________. a) teacher b) doctor c) friend d) neighbor
- Prevention of sickness involves eating a balanced __________. a) dessert b) diet c) breakfast d) snack
- Illness refers to the length of time of being __________. a) well b) sick c) happy d) sad
- Contagious illnesses can spread from person to __________. a) animal b) plant c) environment d) person
- To prevent sickness, one must maintain good __________. a) hygiene b) sleeping habits c) exercise routines d) eating habits
- When feeling sick, it’s important to use medication recommended by __________. a) a friend b) a neighbor c) a doctor d) a teacher
- An impairment of health or abnormal functioning is known as __________. a) wellness b) illness c) disease d) fitness
- Sickness can result in both physical and __________ disturbances. a) emotional b) intellectual c) social d) spiritual
- Pathogens such as viruses and bacteria are examples of __________. a) healthy agents b) disease-causing agents c) energy boosters d) immune system boosters
- When a person is physically disturbed, they may experience __________. a) energy b) weakness c) strength d) happiness
- Illness can be transmitted from one person to another if it’s __________. a) contagious b) rare c) curable d) preventable
- Introduction (5 minutes):
- Recap previous lessons on nutrition and hygiene.
- Introduce the topic of sickness and illness, explaining the difference between the two.
- Definition and Discussion (10 minutes):
- Define disease, pathogens, sickness, and illness using simple language.
- Discuss examples of common diseases and how they can make us feel sick.
- Prevention Strategies (15 minutes):
- Present preventive measures such as eating a balanced diet and maintaining good hygiene.
- Explain the importance of each preventive strategy in simple terms.
- Group Activity: Preventing Sickness (10 minutes):
- Divide students into groups and provide scenarios related to sickness and illness.
- Ask each group to come up with preventive measures for the given scenario.
- Review and Assessment (5 minutes):
- Review key points discussed during the lesson.
- Assess students’ understanding through oral questions and discussion.
Presentation:
- Use visual aids and examples to engage students.
- Encourage active participation through questions and group activities.
Step 1: Begin by revising the previous lesson on nutrition and hygiene, emphasizing their importance in maintaining good health.
Step 2: Introduce the new topic of sickness and illness, defining key terms and explaining their significance.
Step 3: Allow students to share their experiences with sickness and discuss preventive measures they are familiar with.
Teacher’s Activities:
- Facilitate discussions and group activities.
- Provide examples and explanations using simple language.
- Monitor students’ participation and understanding.
Learners’ Activities:
- Listen to the teacher’s explanations and ask questions when unsure.
- Participate in group activities and discussions.
- Share personal experiences related to sickness and illness.
Assessment:
- Evaluate students’ understanding through oral questions and group activities.
- Assess students’ ability to identify preventive measures for different scenarios.
Evaluation Questions:
- What is the difference between sickness and illness?
- Define the term “pathogens.”
- Name two examples of diseases caused by pathogens.
- How can we prevent sickness and diseases?
- Why is it important to eat a balanced diet?
- Explain the meaning of illness.
- Give an example of a contagious disease.
- What are some hygiene practices that can prevent illness?
- How can we maintain good health?
- Describe a scenario where preventive measures are important for avoiding sickness.
Conclusion:
- Review key points discussed during the lesson.
- Provide feedback on students’ participation and understanding.
- Emphasize the importance of applying preventive measures in daily life to stay healthy.