Identification of Ceramics and Glasses Basic Technology JSS 1 First Term Lesson Notes Week 9

Basic Technology JSS 1 First Term Lesson Notes – Week 9

Subject: Basic Technology

Class: JSS 1

Term: First Term

Week: 9

Age: 10 – 12 years

Topic: Properties of Materials (Ceramics and Glasses)

Sub-topics:

• I. Identification of Ceramics and Glasses
• II. Types of Ceramics and Glasses
• III. Properties of Ceramics and Glasses
• IV. Uses of Ceramics and Glasses

Duration: 40 minutes

Behavioural Objectives:

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

1. Identify ceramics and glasses.
2. Differentiate between types of ceramics and glasses.
3. Explain the properties of ceramics and glasses.
4. List the uses of ceramics and glasses in everyday life.

Keywords:

• Ceramics
• Glasses
• Properties
• Materials
• Transparent
• Brittle

Set Induction:

Display a ceramic plate, a glass cup, and a tile, then ask the students if they know the materials used in making these objects.

Entry Behaviour:

Students have seen and used ceramic and glass objects at home, like plates, cups, windows, and tiles.

Learning Resources and Materials:

• Samples of ceramic materials (plates, tiles)
• Samples of glass materials (glass cups, window panes)
• Charts showing the types and uses of ceramics and glasses

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge:

Students have learned about metals in previous lessons. This lesson will introduce them to other materials like ceramics and glasses, which are also common in daily life.

Embedded Core Skills:

• Observation
• Critical thinking
• Problem-solving

Reference Books:

• Lagos State Scheme of Work
• Basic Technology Textbook for JSS 1

Instructional Materials:

• Ceramic plates
• Glass cups
• Window panes
• Tiles

Content:

I. Identification of Ceramics and Glasses

• Ceramics: Ceramics are hard, non-metallic materials that are brittle and heat resistant. They are made by shaping and heating natural materials like clay. Examples include pottery, tiles, and bricks.
• Glasses: Glass is a transparent material made by melting sand, soda ash, and limestone at high temperatures. It is hard but brittle and can break easily. Examples include window panes, bottles, and glasses.

II. Types of Ceramics and Glasses

1. Types of Ceramics:
   • Pottery Ceramics: Used for making dishes, vases, and decorative items.
   • Building Ceramics: Used for making tiles, bricks, and pipes.
   • Industrial Ceramics: Used in factories for tools and machines that need to withstand high temperatures.
2. Types of Glasses:
   • Soda-lime Glass: The most common type of glass used in windows, bottles, and drinking glasses.
   • Tempered Glass: A strong type of glass used in car windows and phone screens.
   • Fiberglass: A type of glass made into thin fibers, used for insulation and in the construction of boats and cars.

III. Properties of Ceramics and Glasses

1. Ceramics Properties:
   • Hardness: Ceramics are very hard and strong.
   • Brittleness: They are brittle, meaning they can easily break or shatter if dropped.
   • Heat Resistant: Ceramics can withstand high temperatures, making them suitable for use in cooking and industrial settings.
   • Non-Conductive: Ceramics do not conduct electricity, so they are used as insulators.
2. Glass Properties:
   • Transparency: Glass is transparent, allowing light to pass through it.
   • Brittleness: Like ceramics, glass is brittle and can easily break.
   • Smooth Surface: Glass has a smooth and shiny surface.
   • Non-Conductive: Glass does not conduct electricity, which makes it useful in electrical applications.

IV. Uses of Ceramics and Glasses

1. Uses of Ceramics:
   • Building Materials: Used for making bricks, tiles, and pipes.
   • Household Items: Used to make dishes, cups, and vases.
   • Industrial Applications: Ceramics are used in machinery that operates under high heat, such as furnaces and kilns.
   • Medical Use: Ceramics are used to make artificial bones and teeth.
2. Uses of Glasses:
   • Windows: Glass is commonly used for windows in houses, cars, and buildings.
   • Containers: Glass is used to make bottles and jars for food and drinks.
   • Optical Lenses: Used in eyeglasses, microscopes, and cameras.
   • Decorative Items: Glass is used to make vases, chandeliers, and other decorative items.

Evaluation (Fill-in-the-blank questions):

1. Ceramics are __________ materials that are brittle and heat resistant.
   a) metallic b) non-metallic c) plastic d) transparent
2. Glass is a __________ material made by melting sand and soda ash.
   a) hard b) brittle c) soft d) transparent
3. The most common type of glass is __________ glass.
   a) fiberglass b) tempered c) soda-lime d) industrial
4. Ceramics are used in making __________ and __________.
   a) tiles, bricks b) plastic, metals c) glass, paper d) wood, metal
5. A strong type of glass used in car windows is __________ glass.
   a) tempered b) industrial c) fiberglass d) soda-lime
6. Ceramics can withstand __________ temperatures.
   a) high b) low c) freezing d) boiling
7. Glass is commonly used to make __________.
   a) bricks b) bottles c) wood d) cloth
8. Fiberglass is used in the __________ industry for insulation.
   a) textile b) construction c) food d) plastic
9. Ceramics are non-__________ materials, meaning they do not conduct electricity.
   a) metallic b) electric c) conductive d) magnetic
10. Transparent objects allow __________ to pass through them.
    a) water b) air c) heat d) light
11. Glass is __________, meaning it breaks easily.
    a) smooth b) brittle c) soft d) heavy
12. Pottery ceramics are used to make __________.
    a) dishes b) windows c) wires d) screws
13. The main ingredient in making glass is __________.
    a) clay b) wood c) sand d) oil
14. Industrial ceramics are used in machines that work under __________.
    a) high pressure b) low temperature c) high temperature d) electricity
15. Optical lenses in eyeglasses are made from __________.
    a) metal b) ceramics c) glass d) wood

Class Activity Discussion (FAQs):

1. What are ceramics?
   Ceramics are hard, non-metallic materials that are brittle and heat resistant.
2. What are glasses made from?
   Glasses are made by melting sand, soda ash, and limestone at high temperatures.
3. What are the types of ceramics?
   The main types are pottery ceramics, building ceramics, and industrial ceramics.
4. What are the properties of ceramics?
   Ceramics are hard, brittle, heat resistant, and non-conductive.
5. What are the uses of ceramics?
   Ceramics are used in making bricks, tiles, dishes, and industrial machinery.
6. What are the properties of glass?
   Glass is transparent, brittle, smooth, and non-conductive.
7. What is tempered glass used for?
   Tempered glass is used for car windows and phone screens because it is stronger than regular glass.
8. Why are ceramics heat resistant?
   Ceramics can withstand high temperatures without melting or breaking, which makes them useful in ovens and furnaces.
9. What is fiberglass used for?
   Fiberglass is used for insulation in buildings and in the construction of boats and cars.
10. Can glass conduct electricity?
    No, glass is non-conductive and is often used in electrical insulators.
11. What is the main use of soda-lime glass?
    It is commonly used in windows and bottles.
12. Why are ceramics used in the medical field?
    Ceramics are used to make artificial bones and teeth due to their strength and biocompatibility.
13. What are the advantages of using glass in windows?
    Glass is transparent, which allows light to pass through while providing protection from weather.
14. How are ceramics made?
    Ceramics are made by shaping and heating natural materials like clay at high temperatures.
15. What are some common household items made from glass?
    Glass is used to make drinking glasses, bottles, and window panes.

Presentation:

Step 1: The teacher revises the previous lesson on metals.
Step 2: The teacher introduces ceramics and glasses, explaining how they are identified and classified.
Step 3: The teacher allows students to handle and observe various samples of ceramics and glass materials, explaining their properties and uses. Students are encouraged to ask questions and discuss their observations.

Teacher’s Activities:

• Show samples of ceramics and glasses.
• Explain the types, properties, and uses of ceramics and glasses.
• Facilitate class discussion and answer students’ questions.

Learners’ Activities:

• Observe and handle the samples provided.
• Participate in the discussion about the properties and uses of ceramics and glasses.
• Complete the evaluation and class activity discussion.

Assessment:

• Monitor students’ understanding through their participation in discussions.
• Review answers to the evaluation questions.

Evaluation Questions:

1. What are ceramics?
2. How is glass made?
3. Name two types of ceramics.
4. What is a property of ceramics?
5. What is tempered glass used for?
6. Why is glass used in windows?
7. How are ceramics used in medicine?
8. What does non-conductive mean?
9. Give an example of an industrial ceramic.
10. What is one use of fiberglass?

Conclusion:

The teacher goes around to mark students’ work and provides necessary corrections. Key points from the lesson are reviewed to reinforce understanding.

More Useful Links :

• Understanding the Properties and Uses of Wood Basic Technology JSS 1 First Term Lesson Notes Week 6
• Classification, Forms, and Uses of Metals Basic Technology JSS 1 First Term Lesson Notes Week 8
• Properties and Classification of Wood Basic Technology JSS 1 First Term Lesson Notes Week 5

Learn about the properties, types, and uses of ceramics and glasses in this Basic Technology lesson for JSS 1.