Primary 5 Mathematics Lesson: Three-Dimensional Shapes (3-D Shapes)

Primary 5 Third Term Mathematics Lesson Note – Week 5

Lesson Details

• Subject: Mathematics

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• Class: Primary 5

• Term: Third Term

• Week: Week 5

• Age: 9–10 years

• Topic: Three-Dimensional Shapes

• Sub-topic: Identification, Properties, and Examples of 3-D Shapes

• Duration: 40 minutes

Behavioural Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Identify different types of 3-dimensional shapes.

2. State the properties (faces, edges, and vertices) of common 3-D shapes.

3. Mention real-life examples of 3-D shapes.

4. Draw simple 3-D shapes.

5. Compare 3-D shapes based on number of faces, edges, and vertices.

Keywords

• Three-dimensional

• Faces

• Edges

• Vertices

• Cube

• Cylinder

• Cone

• Sphere

• Cuboid

• Pyramid

Set Induction (Starter)

The teacher displays physical 3-D shapes (e.g. a cube, ball, can, cone) and asks:
“Have you ever seen objects like these? What are they called?”
Pupils respond based on observation and curiosity.

Entry Behaviour

Pupils already know about flat shapes (2-D) like square, triangle, and circle.

Learning Resources and Materials

• Real 3-D objects (ball, box, dice, cone, tin, can)

• Flashcards

• Charts with 3-D shape diagrams

• Marker and board

• Videos or animations (if available)

Building Background / Connection to Prior Knowledge

The teacher reminds pupils of flat shapes and explains that 3-D shapes have length, breadth, and height. They are solid and not flat.

Embedded Core Skills

• Observation

• Identification

• Critical thinking

• Drawing

• Spatial reasoning

Learning Materials

• Classroom objects like cubes, cylinders, cones, balls

• Drawing tools (ruler, pencil)

• Flashcards with properties of each 3-D shape

Reference Books

• New Method Mathematics for Primary Schools Book 5

• Universal Basic Education Mathematics Book 5

• Lagos State Unified Scheme of Work

Instructional Materials

• Cubes (dice, boxes)

• Spheres (balls)

• Cylinders (cans)

• Cones (funnels, party hats)

• Pyramids (toy pyramids, paper models)

Content Development

Definition of 3-D Shapes

Three-Dimensional Shapes are solid shapes that have three measurements: length, breadth (width), and height. They are not flat and can be held or touched.

Examples of 3-D Shapes and Their Properties

Presentation Steps

Step 1: Revision

Teacher revises 2-D shapes with pupils and asks them to draw a circle, square, and triangle.

Step 2: Introduction of 3-D Shapes

Teacher explains that 3-D shapes are solid and introduces types using real objects (dice, balls, cans, etc.).

Step 3: Pupils’ Participation

Pupils touch and observe objects and help name each shape. Teacher draws and labels each shape on the board.

Step 4: Explanation of Properties

Teacher explains faces, edges, and vertices using a chart or drawn diagrams. Pupils count them together.

Step 5: Drawing Practice

Pupils draw basic 3-D shapes: cube, cuboid, cylinder, cone, and pyramid.

Teacher’s Activities

• Explains the meaning and features of 3-D shapes

• Uses real-life objects and charts to demonstrate

• Asks guided questions and gives drawing practice

Learners’ Activities

• Observe and identify 3-D shapes

• Count and describe faces, edges, and vertices

• Match objects to the correct shape

• Draw simple 3-D shapes

Class Activity Discussion (10 FAQs and Answers)

1. Q: What does 3-D mean?
   A: Three-dimensional – it has length, width, and height.

2. Q: Is a ball a 3-D shape?
   A: Yes, it is a sphere.

3. Q: How many faces does a cube have?
   A: 6 flat faces.

4. Q: What shape is a can?
   A: A cylinder.

5. Q: Does a sphere have edges?
   A: No, it doesn’t.

6. Q: What is the difference between a cube and a cuboid?
   A: A cube has equal sides; a cuboid has different lengths.

7. Q: What is a vertex?
   A: A corner where two or more edges meet.

8. Q: Which shape has only one face?
   A: A sphere.

9. Q: What is an edge?
   A: A line where two faces meet.

10. Q: Give two examples of a pyramid.
    A: Egyptian pyramid and a tent.

Fill-in-the-Blank Questions (15 Questions with Options)

1. A cube has ___ faces.
   a) 4 b) 6 c) 8 d) 10

2. A sphere has ___ face(s).
   a) 2 b) 3 c) 1 d) 0

3. A cone has ___ vertex.
   a) 0 b) 1 c) 2 d) 3

4. The number of edges in a cuboid is ___.
   a) 6 b) 10 c) 12 d) 8

5. A cylinder has ___ curved surface(s).
   a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4

6. Which shape has no edge?
   a) Cube b) Cone c) Sphere d) Cuboid

7. A tin of milk is shaped like a ___.
   a) Cone b) Cylinder c) Sphere d) Cuboid

8. The flat part of a shape is called ___.
   a) Vertex b) Edge c) Face d) Line

9. The sharp point of a cone is called ___.
   a) Edge b) Corner c) Vertex d) Face

10. How many vertices does a pyramid have?
    a) 2 b) 5 c) 8 d) 3

11. A matchbox is an example of a ___.
    a) Cube b) Cuboid c) Cone d) Sphere

12. The top of an ice cream cone is a ___.
    a) Circle b) Cube c) Square d) Cone

13. The shape of a football is ___.
    a) Sphere b) Cube c) Cone d) Pyramid

14. A cube has how many edges?
    a) 10 b) 8 c) 12 d) 6

15. Which shape has 6 faces and 8 vertices?
    a) Cylinder b) Cone c) Cube d) Pyramid

Evaluation Questions (10 Short Answer Questions)

1. Define 3-dimensional shapes.

2. Mention four examples of 3-D shapes.

3. How many faces does a cube have?

4. What is the difference between a cube and a cuboid?

5. Name a 3-D shape that has no vertex.

6. Draw and label a cuboid.

7. How many vertices does a cone have?

8. What is the shape of a football?

9. Write three properties of a pyramid.

10. Identify the shape of a can and its number of edges.

Conclusion

The teacher goes around to check pupils’ drawings and participation. Feedback and correction are provided where necessary.

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