Exploring Antonyms in English Structure English Grammar Primary 6 First Term Lesson Notes Week 4

Subject: English Language
Class: Primary 6
Term: First Term
Week: 4
Age: 10-11 years
Topic: Word Formation: Antonyms
Sub-topic: Definition and Identification of Antonyms
Duration: 40 minutes

Behavioural Objectives:

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Define antonyms.
2. Identify the antonyms of given words.
3. Use words and their antonyms correctly in sentences.

Keywords:

• Antonym
• Word Formation
• Sentence

Set Induction:

The teacher will begin by asking the pupils if they know any words that mean the opposite of each other, like “hot” and “cold.” This will introduce the idea of antonyms.

Entry Behaviour:

Pupils are familiar with basic vocabulary and have an understanding of words with opposite meanings.

Learning Materials:

• Flashcards with pairs of antonyms
• Word lists for identifying antonyms
• Example sentences for practice

Instructional Materials:

• Whiteboard and markers
• Flashcards
• A chart displaying common antonyms

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge:

The teacher will link the lesson to previous knowledge by reminding the pupils of how they learned about synonyms (words with similar meanings) and now, they will learn about antonyms (words with opposite meanings).

Embedded Core Skills:

• Critical thinking
• Vocabulary development
• Communication skills

Reference Books:

• Lagos State Scheme of Work
• Primary 6 English Textbook

Content:

1. Definition of Antonyms:

• Antonyms are words that have opposite meanings.
• Examples:
  1. Narrow — Wide
  2. Good — Evil
  3. Hot — Cold
  4. Happy — Sad
  5. Fast — Slow

2. Identifying Antonyms of Given Words:

• Recognizing antonyms involves understanding that different words can have opposite meanings.
• Example Exercise:
  • Find the antonyms:
    1. Light — _______ (Heavy)
    2. Tall — _______ (Short)
    3. Strong — _______ (Weak)
    4. New — _______ (Old)
    5. Day — _______ (Night)

3. Using Words and Their Antonyms in Sentences:

• Practice using antonyms correctly in sentences.
• Example Sentences:
  1. The road is narrow. The river is wide.
  2. He chose the path of good. Others chose evil.
  3. The soup is hot. The ice cream is cold.
  4. She is feeling happy. Yesterday, she was sad.
  5. The cheetah is fast. The turtle is slow.

Evaluation:

Fill in the blank with the correct antonym:

1. The room is dark. Outside it is _______.
   a) bright
   b) cold
2. The boy is short. His brother is _______.
   a) tall
   b) slow
3. The soup is hot. The water is _______.
   a) cold
   b) warm
4. This bag is light. That one is _______.
   a) heavy
   b) thin
5. The old man walks slowly. The young boy runs _______.
   a) quickly
   b) weakly
6. The tree is tall. The bush is _______.
   a) short
   b) long
7. The surface is rough. The glass is _______.
   a) smooth
   b) thick
8. The cloth is new. The other one is _______.
   a) old
   b) dirty
9. He is a strong man. His friend is _______.
   a) weak
   b) tall
10. It is day now. Later it will be _______.
    a) night
    b) dark
11. The movie was interesting. The book was _______.
    a) boring
    b) funny
12. She was happy yesterday. Today she is _______.
    a) sad
    b) kind
13. The stone is hard. The pillow is _______.
    a) soft
    b) strong
14. The fast runner won the race. The slow runner came last.
    a) slow
    b) quick
15. This road is narrow. That one is _______.
    a) wide
    b) long

Class Activity Discussion:

1. What are antonyms?
   Answer: Antonyms are words that have opposite meanings.
2. Can you give an antonym for “wide”?
   Answer: “Narrow.”
3. Use the word “cold” in a sentence.
   Answer: The ice is cold.
4. What is the antonym for “happy”?
   Answer: “Sad.”
5. How would you describe a “slow” animal?
   Answer: An animal that does not move quickly.
6. What is the antonym for “strong”?
   Answer: “Weak.”
7. Give an antonym for “day.”
   Answer: “Night.”
8. What is the opposite of “new”?
   Answer: “Old.”
9. Use the word “good” in a sentence.
   Answer: He is a good boy.
10. What is an antonym for “hot”?
    Answer: “Cold.”
11. If something is “rough,” what is the opposite?
    Answer: “Smooth.”
12. How can you use “tall” in a sentence?
    Answer: The giraffe is tall.
13. What is the antonym for “fast”?
    Answer: “Slow.”
14. What is another word for “short”?
    Answer: “Tall.”
15. Use “bright” in a sentence.
    Answer: The sun is bright.

Presentation:

Step 1: The teacher revises the previous topic, which was “Word Formation: Synonyms.” Pupils will recall how they identified and used synonyms in sentences.

Step 2: The teacher introduces the new topic by explaining what antonyms are and how they differ from synonyms.

Step 3: The teacher allows the pupils to contribute by providing their own examples of antonyms and using them in sentences. The teacher corrects any mistakes.

Teacher’s Activities:

• Explain the concept of antonyms and provide examples.
• Guide pupils through identifying antonyms of given words.
• Assist pupils in using antonyms correctly in sentences.

Learners’ Activities:

• Practice identifying antonyms.
• Use words and their antonyms in sentences.
• Participate in group activities to reinforce understanding.

Assessment:

1. Define an antonym.
2. What is the antonym for “hot”?
3. Use the word “wide” in a sentence.
4. Write a sentence using the word “dark” and its antonym.
5. Identify the antonym of “strong.”

Conclusion:

The teacher goes around to mark the pupils’ work, offering praise and corrections where necessary. The teacher emphasizes the importance of knowing and using antonyms to enrich vocabulary.