HomePrimary 5MathematicsAddition and Subtraction of Large Numbers Mathematics Primary 5 First Term Lesson Notes Week 3

Addition and Subtraction of Large Numbers Mathematics Primary 5 First Term Lesson Notes Week 3

Mathematics Primary 5 First Term Lesson Notes

Week: 3

Subject: Mathematics

Class: Primary 5

Term: First Term

Age: 10 years

Topic: Addition and Subtraction of Numbers

Sub-Topics:

  1. Addition of Whole Numbers in Thousands and Millions
  2. Subtraction of Whole Numbers in Thousands and Millions
  3. Real-Life Problems on Addition and Subtraction in Thousands and Millions
  4. Quantitative Reasoning Involving Addition and Subtraction

Duration: 40 minutes

Behavioural Objectives:

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

  1. Add and subtract whole numbers involving three or more terms.
  2. Create and tell an addition and subtraction story.
  3. Perform addition and subtraction in everyday life activities accurately.
  4. Solve quantitative aptitude problems involving addition and subtraction of whole numbers and decimal numbers.

Keywords:

  • Addition
  • Subtraction
  • Whole numbers
  • Thousands
  • Millions
  • Quantitative reasoning

Set Induction:
The teacher will start the lesson by asking pupils how they add and subtract money when they go shopping with their parents. This will help relate the lesson to real-life situations.

Entry Behaviour:
Pupils are familiar with basic addition and subtraction operations with smaller numbers.

Learning Resources and Materials:

  1. Number charts
  2. Flashcards with large numbers
  3. Worksheets for addition and subtraction
  4. Abacus for demonstration

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge: The teacher will ask pupils if they have ever had to add or subtract large numbers, such as when calculating the total cost of items. The teacher will explain that today’s lesson will focus on adding and subtracting much larger numbers.

Embedded Core Skills:

  • Numerical reasoning
  • Critical thinking
  • Problem-solving

Learning Materials:

  1. Number charts
  2. Flashcards with large numbers
  3. Addition and subtraction worksheets

Reference Books:

  • Lagos State Scheme of Work
  • Primary 5 Mathematics Textbook

Instructional Materials:

  1. Number charts
  2. Flashcards with large numbers
  3. Worksheets
  4. Abacus

Content:

  1. Addition of Whole Numbers in Thousands and Millions
    • Explanation of how to add large numbers.
    • Step-by-step addition of whole numbers in thousands and millions.
  2. Subtraction of Whole Numbers in Thousands and Millions
    • Explanation of how to subtract large numbers.
    • Step-by-step subtraction of whole numbers in thousands and millions.
  3. Real-Life Problems on Addition and Subtraction in Thousands and Millions
    • Application of addition and subtraction in real-life scenarios, such as calculating total costs and making changes.
  4. Quantitative Reasoning Involving Addition and Subtraction
    • Solving complex problems that involve multiple steps of addition and subtraction.

Explanation:

  1. Addition of Whole Numbers in Thousands and Millions:
    • To add large numbers, align the digits according to their place values (ones, tens, hundreds, thousands, millions, etc.).
    • Start adding from the right (ones place) to the left, carrying over when the sum of a column exceeds 9.

    Example 1: Add 123,456 + 234,567.

    • Align the numbers:
      markdown

      123,456
      + 234,567
      ---------
      358,023
    • Answer: 358,023

    Example 2: Add 2,345,678 + 1,234,567.

    • Align the numbers:
      2,345,678
    • 1,234,567

    3,580,245

    markdown

    - **Answer:** 3,580,245

    **Example 3:** Add 567,890 + 345,678 + 123,456.
    - Align the numbers:

    567,890

    • 345,678
    • 123,456

    1,037,024

    markdown

    - **Answer:** 1,037,024

  2. Subtraction of Whole Numbers in Thousands and Millions:
    • To subtract large numbers, align the digits according to their place values.
    • Start subtracting from the right (ones place) to the left, borrowing if the top digit is smaller than the bottom digit.

    Example 1: Subtract 987,654 – 123,456.

    • Align the numbers:
      987,654
    • 123,456

    864,198

    markdown

    - **Answer:** 864,198

    **Example 2:** Subtract 2,345,678 - 1,234,567.
    - Align the numbers:

    2,345,678

    • 1,234,567

    1,111,111

    markdown

    - **Answer:** 1,111,111

    **Example 3:** Subtract 1,000,000 - 345,678.
    - Align the numbers:

    1,000,000

    • 345,678

    654,322

    markdown

    - **Answer:** 654,322

  3. Real-Life Problems on Addition and Subtraction in Thousands and Millions:
    • Scenario 1: A school purchased 3,245 new books and 2,356 old books. How many books did the school purchase in total?
      • Answer: 3,245 + 2,356 = 5,601 books.
    • Scenario 2: A company made a profit of 1,234,567 naira in the first quarter and 987,654 naira in the second quarter. What is the total profit?
      • Answer: 1,234,567 + 987,654 = 2,222,221 naira.
    • Scenario 3: A family budgeted 500,000 naira for a vacation but spent 345,678 naira. How much is left from the budget?
      • Answer: 500,000 – 345,678 = 154,322 naira.
  4. Quantitative Reasoning Involving Addition and Subtraction:
    • Solve complex problems by breaking them into smaller steps involving both addition and subtraction.

    Example 1: A school has 1,234 pupils. 567 new pupils joined, and 345 pupils left. How many pupils are there now?

    • Answer: 1,234 + 567 – 345 = 1,456 pupils.

    Example 2: A factory produced 2,345,678 items. They sold 1,234,567 items, and then produced another 567,890 items. How many items are left?

    • Answer: 2,345,678 – 1,234,567 + 567,890 = 1,678,001 items.

    Example 3: A bank account had 1,000,000 naira. After withdrawing 345,678 naira and depositing 234,567 naira, what is the balance?

    • Answer: 1,000,000 – 345,678 + 234,567 = 888,889 naira.

Class Work:

  1. Add 345,678 + 567,890 and write the result.
  2. Subtract 987,654 – 543,210 and write the result.
  3. A store had 1,234,567 naira. They spent 654,321 naira on new stock. How much money is left?
  4. Add 2,345,678 + 1,234,567 + 567,890 and write the result.
  5. A bank account started with 3,000,000 naira. After withdrawing 1,234,567 naira and depositing 987,654 naira, what is the balance?
  6. Add 234,567 + 345,678 and write the result.
  7. Subtract 543,210 from 1,234,567 and write the result.
  8. A school bought 345 new desks and 678 chairs. How many pieces of furniture did they buy in total?
  9. Add 678,901 + 234,567 and write the result.
  10. A factory made 4,000,000 products. They sold 2,345,678 and then produced another 1,234,567. How many products are there now?
  11. Add 123,456 + 789,012 and write the result.
  12. Subtract 1,000,000 – 567,890 and write the result.
  13. A charity raised 2,345,678 naira. They spent 1,234,567 on supplies. How much is left?
  14. Add 234,567 + 345,678 + 123,456 and write the result.
  15. A school had 1,234,567 pupils. After admitting 345,678 new pupils and losing 234,567 pupils, how many are there now?
  16. Add 789,012 + 123,456 and write the result.
  17. Subtract 543,210 from 987,654 and write the result.
  18. A company made 5,000,000 naira in sales. They refunded 1,234,567 naira to customers. How much is left?
  19. Add 1,234,567 + 345,678 and write the result.
  20. A store had 2,000,000 items. After selling 1,234,567 and restocking with 567,890, how many items are there now?
  21. Add 456,789 + 234,567 and write the result.
  22. Subtract 1,000,000 – 654,321 and write the result.
  23. A project had a budget of 3,000,000 naira. They spent 1,234,567 naira on materials. How much is left?
  24. Add 345,678 + 678,901 and write the result.
  25. A factory produced 1,234,567 items. They sold 987,654 and then made another 345,678. How many items are there now?

Assessment

  1. Add 5,600 and 3,400. The result is __________.
    a) 9,000
    b) 8,000
    c) 10,000
    d) 11,000
  2. Subtract 12,000 from 18,000. The result is __________.
    a) 6,000
    b) 5,000
    c) 7,000
    d) 8,000
  3. The sum of 7,500 and 8,200 is __________.
    a) 15,700
    b) 16,000
    c) 14,700
    d) 15,500
  4. Subtracting 23,000 from 45,000 gives __________.
    a) 20,000
    b) 22,000
    c) 23,000
    d) 25,000
  5. Add 1,234,000 and 567,000. The result is __________.
    a) 1,801,000
    b) 1,802,000
    c) 1,800,000
    d) 1,801,500
  6. Subtract 789,000 from 1,000,000. The result is __________.
    a) 211,000
    b) 211,500
    c) 210,000
    d) 212,000
  7. The sum of 456,789 and 543,211 is __________.
    a) 999,000
    b) 1,000,000
    c) 1,001,000
    d) 1,000,500
  8. Subtracting 500,000 from 1,200,000 gives __________.
    a) 700,000
    b) 800,000
    c) 900,000
    d) 750,000
  9. Add 3,400,000 and 1,600,000. The result is __________.
    a) 5,000,000
    b) 4,900,000
    c) 5,100,000
    d) 5,200,000
  10. Subtract 2,345,000 from 3,000,000. The result is __________.
    a) 655,000
    b) 645,000
    c) 655,500
    d) 646,000
  11. The sum of 876,000 and 124,000 is __________.
    a) 1,000,000
    b) 999,000
    c) 1,001,000
    d) 1,002,000
  12. Subtracting 700,000 from 2,000,000 gives __________.
    a) 1,300,000
    b) 1,200,000
    c) 1,400,000
    d) 1,500,000
  13. Add 234,000 and 789,000. The result is __________.
    a) 1,023,000
    b) 1,022,000
    c) 1,024,000
    d) 1,025,000
  14. Subtract 456,000 from 789,000. The result is __________.
    a) 333,000
    b) 332,000
    c) 334,000
    d) 331,000
  15. The sum of 999,000 and 1,000 is __________.
    a) 1,000,000
    b) 1,001,000
    c) 999,500
    d) 1,000,500

Class Activity Discussion

  1. Q: How do you add large numbers like 500,000 and 700,000?
    A: Simply align the numbers by place value and add them as you would smaller numbers.
  2. Q: What is the sum of 2,000,000 and 1,000,000?
    A: 3,000,000.
  3. Q: How do you subtract 300,000 from 1,000,000?
    A: Align the numbers and subtract as you normally would, resulting in 700,000.
  4. Q: Can you subtract a smaller number from a larger one like 789,000 from 1,000,000?
    A: Yes, the result is 211,000.
  5. Q: What is 4,500,000 plus 2,300,000?
    A: 6,800,000.
  6. Q: How do you solve 1,234,000 – 567,000?
    A: Align the numbers and subtract, resulting in 667,000.
  7. Q: How do you add 8,000,000 and 2,000,000?
    A: The result is 10,000,000.
  8. Q: What is the subtraction result of 3,000,000 minus 1,000,000?
    A: 2,000,000.
  9. Q: How can you quickly add 7,500,000 and 2,500,000?
    A: The result is 10,000,000.
  10. Q: How do you subtract 1,200,000 from 5,000,000?
    A: The result is 3,800,000.
  11. Q: What is the sum of 6,789,000 and 4,211,000?
    A: 11,000,000.
  12. Q: Can you subtract 2,000,000 from 10,000,000?
    A: Yes, the result is 8,000,000.
  13. Q: What is 500,000 plus 1,500,000?
    A: 2,000,000.
  14. Q: How do you subtract 9,000,000 from 10,000,000?
    A: The result is 1,000,000.
  15. Q: What is the result of adding 123,000 and 877,000?
    A: 1,000,000.

Presentation:

Step 1: The teacher revises basic addition and subtraction of smaller numbers.

Step 2: The teacher introduces the concept of adding and subtracting large numbers in thousands and millions.

Step 3: The teacher presents real-life scenarios where large numbers are added or subtracted and guides pupils through solving them.

Teacher’s Activities:

  • Demonstrate the addition and subtraction of large numbers using an abacus.
  • Provide practice problems for the pupils to solve on their own.
  • Guide pupils in creating their own addition and subtraction stories.

Learners’ Activities:

  • Practice adding and subtracting large numbers using the abacus and worksheets.
  • Share their addition and subtraction stories with the class.
  • Solve real-life problems involving large numbers.

Assessment:

  1. Solve the following addition problem: 567,000 + 234,000.
  2. Subtract 890,000 from 1,200,000.
  3. Add 1,450,000 and 3,000,000.
  4. Subtract 3,600,000 from 5,000,000.
  5. Add 1,200,000, 500,000, and 300,000.
  6. Subtract 4,700,000 from 6,000,000.
  7. Solve: 234,000 + 789,000 + 987,000.
  8. Subtract 1,200,000 from 2,500,000.
  9. Add 900,000 and 1,100,000.
  10. Subtract 2,300,000 from 3,000,000.
  11. Add 4,560,000 and 1,230,000.
  12. Subtract 6,789,000 from 9,000,000.
  13. Add 1,345,000 and 2,654,000.
  14. Subtract 5,678,000 from 7,000,000.
  15. Add 2,000,000, 3,000,000, and 1,000,000.

Evaluation Questions:

  1. What is the sum of 3,400,000 and 1,600,000?
  2. Subtract 567,000 from 2,345,000.
  3. Add 4,500,000 and 3,200,000.
  4. Subtract 6,000,000 from 8,000,000.
  5. Add 2,789,000 and 1,111,000.
  6. Subtract 4,321,000 from 9,000,000.
  7. What is 1,000,000 plus 9,000,000?
  8. Subtract 5,000,000 from 10,000,000.
  9. Add 7,654,000 and 2,346,000.
  10. Subtract 4,500,000 from 7,800,000.
  11. Add 2,345,000 and 3,678,000.
  12. Subtract 8,000,000 from 10,000,000.
  13. What is 1,111,000 plus 8,889,000?
  14. Subtract 7,777,000 from 9,999,000.
  15. Add 5,432,000 and 4,568,000.

Conclusion:

The teacher will walk around the class to check the pupils’ work and provide the necessary corrections. Pupils will share their addition and subtraction stories and discuss how they can apply these skills in real-life situations.

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