HomePrimary 5MathematicsMultiplication and Division of Whole Numbers Mathematics Primary 5 First Term Lesson Notes Week 4

Multiplication and Division of Whole Numbers Mathematics Primary 5 First Term Lesson Notes Week 4

Mathematics Primary 5 First Term Lesson Notes

Week: 4
Subject: Mathematics
Class: Primary 5
Term: First Term
Age: 10 years
Topic: Multiplication and Division of Whole Numbers
Sub-Topics:

  1. Multiplication and Division of Three-Digit Numbers by Three-Digit Numbers
  2. Multiplication of Numbers by Zero and One
  3. Real-Life Problems on Multiplication and Division
  4. Division of Numbers by 10, 20, 30, … 90, 100, … 200, 1000, 2000, etc.
  5. Quantitative Reasoning Involving Multiplication and Division

Duration: 40 minutes

Behavioural Objectives:

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

  1. Multiply and divide three-digit numbers by three-digit numbers.
  2. Solve real-life problems involving multiplication and division of whole numbers.
  3. Multiply numbers by zero and one.
  4. Divide numbers by 10 and multiples of 10 up to 90, 100, 200, and 1000.
  5. Solve quantitative aptitude problems involving multiplication and division of whole numbers.

Keywords:

  • Multiplication
  • Division
  • Three-digit numbers
  • Real-life problems
  • Quantitative reasoning

Set Induction:
The teacher will start by asking pupils about their experiences with multiplication and division in real life, such as calculating prices or dividing items among friends. This will help connect the lesson to familiar situations.

Entry Behaviour:
Pupils are familiar with basic multiplication and division with smaller numbers.

Learning Resources and Materials:

  1. Multiplication and division charts
  2. Flashcards with multiplication and division problems
  3. Worksheets for practice
  4. Counters or objects for division demonstration

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge: The teacher will review basic multiplication and division concepts before moving on to three-digit numbers and larger operations, connecting to real-life scenarios where these skills are used.

Embedded Core Skills:

  • Analytical reasoning
  • Problem-solving
  • Mathematical operations

Learning Materials:

  1. Multiplication and division charts
  2. Flashcards
  3. Worksheets
  4. Counters or objects

Reference Books:
Lagos State Scheme of Work, Primary 5 Mathematics Textbook

Instructional Materials:

  1. Multiplication and division charts
  2. Flashcards
  3. Worksheets
  4. Counters

Content:

  1. Multiplication and Division of Three-Digit Numbers by Three-Digit Numbers
    • Explanation and examples of how to multiply and divide three-digit numbers by three-digit numbers.
    • Practice problems with step-by-step solutions.
  2. Multiplication of Numbers by Zero and One
    • Rules for multiplying numbers by zero and one.
    • Examples and practice problems.
  3. Real-Life Problems on Multiplication and Division
    • Application of multiplication and division in real-life scenarios such as budgeting and dividing items.
  4. Division of Numbers by 10, 20, … 90, 100, … 200, 1000, 2000, etc.
    • Explanation and practice of dividing numbers by multiples of 10 up to 2000.
  5. Quantitative Reasoning Involving Multiplication and Division
    • Solving complex problems involving multiplication and division with larger numbers.

Multiplication and Division of Three-Digit Numbers by Three-Digit Numbers

  1.  
  2.  
  3. Explanation and Examples of Multiplication:
    • Method: Align the numbers vertically, multiply each digit of the first number by each digit of the second number, and then add the results.

    Example 1: Multiply 123 by 456.

    • Step-by-Step Solution:

      markdown

        123
      × 456
      ------
      738 (123 × 6)
      6150 (123 × 50, shifted one position left)

    49200 (123 × 400, shifted two positions left)

    56088

    markdown

    Answer 56,088

    Example 2:

    Multiply 234 by 321.
    –Step-by-Step Solution:

      234

    × 321

    234 (234 × 1) 7020 (234 × 20, shifted one position left) 70200 (234 × 300, shifted two positions left)

    75,114

    Answer 75,114

    Example 3: Multiply 345 by 678.
    Step-by-Step Solution:

      345

    × 678

    2760 (345 × 8) 13800 (345 × 70, shifted one position left) 207000 (345 × 600, shifted two positions left)

    233,610

    Answer: 233,610

     

  4. Explanation and Examples of Division:
    • Method: Divide the digits of the dividend by the divisor, step-by-step, keeping track of remainders.

    Example 1: Divide 864 by 432.

    • Step-by-Step Solution:
      864 ÷ 432 = 2
    • Answer: 2

    Example 2: Divide 987 by 123.

    • Step-by-Step Solution:
      987 ÷ 123 ≈ 8
    • Answer: 8

    Example 3: Divide 720 by 180.

    • Step-by-Step Solution:
      720 ÷ 180 = 4
    • Answer: 4

Multiplication of Numbers by Zero and One

  1. Rules for Multiplying:
    • Multiplying by Zero: Any number multiplied by zero is zero.
    • Multiplying by One: Any number multiplied by one is the number itself.

    Example 1: Multiply 789 by 0.

    • Answer: 0

    Example 2: Multiply 456 by 1.

    • Answer: 456

    Example 3: Multiply 1,234 by 0.

    • Answer: 0

    Example 4: Multiply 876 by 1.

    • Answer: 876

    Example 5: Multiply 3,456 by 0.

    • Answer: 0

Real-Life Problems on Multiplication and Division

  1. Budgeting Example:
    • Problem: A family buys 5 packs of cereal, each costing 235 naira. What is the total cost?
      • Answer: 5 × 235 = 1,175 naira
  2. Division of Items:
    • Problem: A teacher wants to divide 150 pencils equally among 25 students. How many pencils does each student get?
      • Answer: 150 ÷ 25 = 6 pencils
  3. Shopping Example:
    • Problem: If a book costs 450 naira and you buy 8 books, what is the total cost?
      • Answer: 8 × 450 = 3,600 naira

Division of Numbers by Multiples of 10, 20, … 90, 100, … 200, 1000, 2000, etc.

  1. Explanation and Practice:
    • Method: When dividing by multiples of 10, simply shift the decimal point to the left by the number of zeros in the divisor.

    Example 1: Divide 4,560 by 100.

    • Step-by-Step Solution:
      4,560 ÷ 100 = 45.60
    • Answer: 45.60

    Example 2: Divide 7,890 by 10.

    • Step-by-Step Solution:
      7,890 ÷ 10 = 789
    • Answer: 789

    Example 3: Divide 8,000 by 1,000.

    • Step-by-Step Solution:
      8,000 ÷ 1,000 = 8
    • Answer: 8

    Example 4: Divide 18,200 by 200.

    • Step-by-Step Solution:
      18,200 ÷ 200 = 91
    • Answer: 91

    Example 5: Divide 36,000 by 500.

    • Step-by-Step Solution:
      36,000 ÷ 500 = 72
    • Answer: 72

Quantitative Reasoning Involving Multiplication and Division

  1. Complex Problem 1:
    • Problem: A factory produces 1,234 toys each day. How many toys does it produce in 30 days?
      • Answer: 1,234 × 30 = 37,020 toys
  2. Complex Problem 2:
    • Problem: A warehouse has 5,000 boxes. If each box contains 250 items, how many items are there in total?
      • Answer: 5,000 × 250 = 1,250,000 items
  3. Complex Problem 3:
    • Problem: A total of 24,000 naira is to be divided equally among 120 people. How much does each person receive?
      • Answer: 24,000 ÷ 120 = 200 naira per person

Class Work:

  1. Multiply 123 by 456.
  2. Divide 987 by 123.
  3. Multiply 789 by 0.
  4. Divide 7,890 by 10.
  5. A company makes 1,234 items daily. How many items does it make in 25 days?
  6. Multiply 345 by 678.
  7. Divide 720 by 180.
  8. Multiply 456 by 1.
  9. Divide 18,200 by 200.
  10. A teacher has 1,000 pencils and divides them among 50 students. How many pencils per student?
  11. Multiply 234 by 321.
  12. Divide 864 by 432.
  13. Multiply 1,234 by 0.
  14. Divide 36,000 by 500.
  15. A warehouse has 1,500 boxes. If each box contains 120 items, how many items are there in total?
  16. Multiply 567 by 890.
  17. Divide 1,000 by 20.
  18. Multiply 876 by 1.
  19. Divide 7,000 by 100.
  20. A store sells 50 items daily. How many items does it sell in 40 days?
  21. Multiply 789 by 654.
  22. Divide 15,000 by 300.
  23. Multiply 3,456 by 0.
  24. Divide 8,000 by 1,000.
  25. A factory makes 2,000 items per week. How many items does it make in 12 weeks?

Assessment

  1. Multiply 234 by 567. The result is __________.
    a) 132,678
    b) 132,678
    c) 132,456
    d) 132,654
  2. Divide 456,000 by 200. The result is __________.
    a) 2,280
    b) 2,300
    c) 2,280
    d) 2,250
  3. What is 789 multiplied by 0?
    a) 789
    b) 1
    c) 0
    d) 789
  4. Divide 4,000 by 50. The result is __________.
    a) 80
    b) 75
    c) 85
    d) 100
  5. Multiply 123 by 1. The result is __________.
    a) 123
    b) 1
    c) 1231
    d) 122
  6. What is 700 divided by 100?
    a) 7
    b) 70
    c) 700
    d) 7,000
  7. Multiply 456 by 100. The result is __________.
    a) 45,600
    b) 4,560
    c) 45,000
    d) 46,000
  8. Divide 900 by 10. The result is __________.
    a) 90
    b) 100
    c) 10
    d) 1,000
  9. What is 2,000 divided by 200?
    a) 20
    b) 100
    c) 10
    d) 1,000
  10. Multiply 150 by 300. The result is __________.
    a) 45,000
    b) 45,500
    c) 46,000
    d) 44,000
  11. Divide 1,500 by 50. The result is __________.
    a) 30
    b) 300
    c) 25
    d) 50
  12. Multiply 250 by 4. The result is __________.
    a) 1,000
    b) 1,050
    c) 1,200
    d) 1,250
  13. Divide 6,000 by 30. The result is __________.
    a) 200
    b) 250
    c) 300
    d) 150
  14. What is 9,000 divided by 3,000?
    a) 3
    b) 6
    c) 1
    d) 2
  15. Multiply 678 by 2. The result is __________.
    a) 1,356
    b) 1,340
    c) 1,670
    d) 1,480

Class Activity Discussion

  1. Q: How do you multiply 345 by 678?
    A: Align the numbers and multiply them as you would with smaller numbers, then add the results.
  2. Q: What is the result of dividing 1,000 by 10?
    A: 100.
  3. Q: How do you divide 900 by 50?
    A: Divide 900 by 50 to get 18.
  4. Q: What is 5,000 divided by 100?
    A: 50.
  5. Q: How do you multiply 789 by 1?
    A: The result is 789.
  6. Q: What is 1,200 multiplied by 0?
    A: 0.
  7. Q: How do you divide 2,000 by 200?
    A: The result is 10.
  8. Q: What is 1,500 divided by 50?
    A: 30.
  9. Q: How do you multiply 456 by 100?
    A: The result is 45,600.
  10. Q: What is 7,000 divided by 70?
    A: 100.
  11. Q: How do you solve 345 multiplied by 0?
    A: The result is 0.
  12. Q: What is 8,000 divided by 1,000?
    A: 8.
  13. Q: How do you solve 789 divided by 3?
    A: The result is 263.
  14. Q: What is 2,000 divided by 100?
    A: 20.
  15. Q: How do you multiply 123 by 2?
    A: The result is 246.

Presentation:

Step 1: The teacher revisits basic multiplication and division concepts with smaller numbers.
Step 2: The teacher introduces the multiplication and division of three-digit numbers by three-digit numbers, and multiplication by zero and one.
Step 3: The teacher presents real-life problems involving multiplication and division, and demonstrates dividing by multiples of 10 and beyond.

Teacher’s Activities:

  • Demonstrate multiplication and division of three-digit numbers using charts and counters.
  • Provide practice problems for pupils to solve.
  • Guide pupils through real-life scenarios involving multiplication and division.

Learners’ Activities:

  • Solve multiplication and division problems on worksheets.
  • Participate in real-life problem-solving activities.
  • Use counters or objects to practice division.

Assessment:

  1. Multiply 324 by 567. The result is __________.
  2. Divide 6,000 by 200. The result is __________.
  3. What is 789 multiplied by 0?
  4. Divide 4,500 by 50. The result is __________.
  5. Multiply 123 by 1. The result is __________.
  6. What is 800 divided by 100?
  7. Multiply 567 by 200. The result is __________.
  8. Divide 1,800 by 30. The result is __________.
  9. What is 2,500 divided by 50?
  10. Multiply 340 by 400. The result is __________.
  11. Divide 9,000 by 300. The result is __________.
  12. Multiply 215 by 3. The result is __________.
  13. Divide 5,000 by 100. The result is __________.
  14. What is 600 multiplied by 4?
  15. Divide 7,200 by 80. The result is __________.

Evaluation Questions:

  1. What is the product of 789 and 234?
  2. Divide 5,000 by 50. What do you get?
  3. Multiply 654 by 100. The result is __________.
  4. What is 9,000 divided by 90?
  5. Multiply 321 by 200. The result is __________.
  6. Divide 8,000 by 1,000. What do you get?
  7. What is 456 multiplied by 10?
  8. Divide 2,700 by 30. The result is __________.
  9. Multiply 125 by 8. The result is __________.
  10. What is 4,500 divided by 150?
  11. Multiply 312 by 6. The result is __________.
  12. Divide 7,000 by 100. What do you get?
  13. What is 900 multiplied by 5?
  14. Divide 1,800 by 200. The result is __________.
  15. Multiply 987 by 3. The result is __________.

Conclusion:

The teacher will review the pupils’ work, provide feedback, and correct any mistakes. Pupils will discuss how they used multiplication and division in real-life situations and reflect on the lesson.

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