Mirror – Image Formation Properties of Light Plane Mirror Reflection of light Basic Science Primary 3 First Term Lesson Notes Week 6

Subject: Basic Science

Topic: Mirror – Image Formation Properties of Light (Plane Mirror Reflection of Light)

Previous Lesson: In the previous lessons, we learned about the properties of light and how light travels.

Week: Week 6

Term: First Term

Duration: 40 minutes

Learning Objectives: By the end of this lesson, students should be able to:

1. Describe what a mirror is and how it works.
2. Explain the reflection of light in a plane mirror.
3. List the properties of images formed in a plane mirror.

Embedded Core Skills:

• Observation
• Communication
• Critical Thinking

Learning Materials:

• Plane mirror
• Whiteboard and markers
• Pictures showing mirror reflections
• Chart with key terms and concepts

Content

Light is a type of energy we can see. It’s like the bright stuff from the sun or a lamp. Light helps us see things.

Light has these characteristics:

1. It travels in straight lines.
2. It can be bright or dim.
3. It can be different colors.
4. It can bounce off shiny things.
5. It helps us see.

1. Light travels in ______________ lines. a) zigzag b) straight c) curved d) wavy
2. When light strikes a plane mirror, it ______________. a) absorbs b) reflects c) disappears d) changes color
3. The law of reflection states that the angle of incidence is _______________ to the angle of reflection. a) equal b) larger c) smaller d) unrelated
4. In a plane mirror, the size of the image is _______________ to the size of the object. a) smaller b) larger c) different d) the same
5. The image in a plane mirror is located at the same _______________ as the object. a) distance in front b) planet c) distance behind d) angle
6. The image in a plane mirror is called a _______________ image. a) real b) virtual c) tiny d) magical
7. Mirror images appear _______________ from left to right. a) reversed b) enlarged c) colorful d) bumpy
8. When you see your face in a mirror, it is actually the _______________ that reflects off the mirror and into your eyes. a) sound b) light c) shadow d) wind
9. A plane mirror is a mirror that is _______________ and _______________. a) round, big b) flat, smooth c) colorful, bumpy d) broken, small
10. A mirror can form a _______________ image of an object. a) shiny b) fuzzy c) transparent d) reflected
11. When light strikes a _______________ and _______________ surface, it reflects in a regular manner. a) rough, uneven b) smooth, flat c) dark, dirty d) curved, bumpy
12. Plane mirrors are commonly found in places like _______________ and _______________. a) schools, kitchens b) cars, gardens c) parks, rivers d) caves, forests
13. Images in a plane mirror are not real but _______________. a) beautiful b) colorful c) tiny d) virtual
14. The image in a mirror is _______________ on the opposite side. a) straight b) bumpy c) reversed d) invisible
15. The law of reflection helps us understand how _______________ works in mirrors. a) gravity b) light c) noise d) heat

A mirror is a smooth, shiny surface that reflects light and shows you a reflection of objects in front of it.

There are two main types of mirrors:

1. Plane Mirror: These are flat mirrors, like the ones on your bedroom wall. They reflect light without changing its size or shape.
2. Curved Mirror: These mirrors have a curved surface. There are two types:
   • Concave Mirror: It curves inward and can make things look bigger or smaller.
   • Convex Mirror: It curves outward and makes things look smaller and farther away.

Theory Questions:

1. Explain what happens when light strikes a plane mirror.
2. Define the law of reflection and give an example.
3. What are the properties of an image formed in a plane mirror?
4. Why do objects appear reversed in a plane mirror?
5. Where can we find plane mirrors in our daily lives, and how are they useful?

Reflection of Light in a Plane Mirror:

• Light is a form of energy that travels in straight lines.
• When light strikes a smooth and flat surface, like a plane mirror, it bounces back in a regular manner. This is called reflection.
• The angle at which light strikes the mirror is equal to the angle at which it reflects off the mirror. This is known as the law of reflection.
• When you see your image in a mirror, you’re actually seeing the light that has reflected off you and into your eyes.

Properties of Images in a Plane Mirror:

• Images in a plane mirror are virtual images, meaning they are not real but appear to be.
• The image in a mirror is the same size as the object being reflected.
• The image is located at the same distance behind the mirror as the object is in front of it.
• The image in a mirror is laterally inverted, which means it appears reversed from left to right.

Presentation: Step 1: Introduction (5 minutes)

• Greet the students and review the previous lesson on the properties of light.
• Explain that today’s lesson is about mirrors and how they work.

Step 2: Main Lesson (25 minutes)

• Show a picture of a plane mirror and ask students what it is.
• Introduce the concept of reflection by explaining how light bounces off smooth surfaces like a mirror.
• Discuss the law of reflection, emphasizing that the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.
• Show examples of objects and their reflections in a plane mirror.
• Describe the properties of images in a plane mirror: virtual, same size, and laterally inverted.

Step 3: Activity (5 minutes)

• Place a plane mirror in front of the class.
• Ask students to take turns to stand in front of the mirror and describe what they see. Encourage them to use the terms learned in the lesson

Teacher’s Activities:

• Guide the discussion and explain key concepts.
• Demonstrate reflection with the mirror.
• Encourage students to ask questions and participate.

Learners’ Activities:

• Listen and watch attentively.
• Participate by describing what they see in the mirror.
• Ask questions for clarification.

Evaluation (5 minutes):

• Ask questions to check understanding:
  • What happens when light strikes a plane mirror?
  • Explain the law of reflection.
  • What are the properties of images in a plane mirror?
• Engage students in a brief discussion to share their answers.

Conclusion (5 minutes):

• Summarize the key points of the lesson.
• Emphasize the importance of mirrors in our daily lives and understanding how they work