Proper, Improper, and Mixed Fractions Mathematics Primary 3 First Term Lesson Notes Week 5

Mathematics Lesson Plan for Primary 3

Subject: Mathematics
Class: Primary 3
Term: First Term
Week: 5
Age: 8 years
Topic: Fractions
Sub-topic: Proper, Improper, and Mixed Fractions
Duration: 60 minutes

Behavioural Objectives:

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Identify numbers from 661-680.
2. Order numbers from 1-680.
3. Count from 1-680.
4. Write numbers from 661-680 in numerals and words.
5. Skip count by 6s, 7s, and 9s.
6. Draw fractions in shapes like squares, rectangles, triangles, and circles.
7. Write fractions of shapes in numbers.
8. Write fractions of concrete objects.
9. Solve simple problems involving fractions.

Keywords:

• Fraction
• Proper fraction
• Improper fraction
• Mixed fraction
• Numerator
• Denominator

Set Induction:

The teacher will use fraction shapes (like pizza slices) to introduce the concept of fractions.

Entry Behaviour:

Pupils should be familiar with counting and writing numbers.

Learning Resources and Materials:

• Fraction shapes (e.g., pizzas, cakes)
• Flashcards with fractions
• Counters
• Whiteboard and marker

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge:

Pupils have learned basic counting and writing of numbers up to 680.

Embedded Core Skills:

• Numeracy
• Visual-spatial skills
• Problem-solving

Learning Materials:

• Mathematics Textbook
• Workbooks

Reference Books:

• Lagos State Scheme of Work
• Mathematics Textbook for Primary 3

Instructional Materials:

• Fraction shapes
• Whiteboard and markers
• Flashcards
• Counters

Content:

1. Identifying Numbers 661-680:
   • Recite and write numbers from 661 to 680 in numerals and words.
2. Understanding Fractions:
   • Proper Fractions: Numerator is less than the denominator (e.g., 1/4).
   • Improper Fractions: Numerator is greater than or equal to the denominator (e.g., 5/4).
   • Mixed Fractions: A whole number and a proper fraction combined (e.g., 1 1/4).
3. Drawing Fractions in Shapes:
   • Divide shapes into equal parts and shade to represent fractions.
   • Example: Shade 1/2 of a circle.
4. Writing Fractions of Shapes and Numbers:
   • Write fractions of divided shapes in numbers (e.g., 3/4 of a rectangle).
   • Write fractions of concrete objects (e.g., 1/3 of a cake).
5. Solving Problems with Fractions:
   • Solve real-life problems involving fractions (e.g., sharing a pizza among friends).

Evaluation

1. 1/2 is a __ fraction.
   a) Proper
   b) Improper
   c) Mixed
   d) None
2. 5/4 is an __ fraction.
   a) Proper
   b) Improper
   c) Mixed
   d) None
3. 2 1/2 is a __ fraction.
   a) Proper
   b) Improper
   c) Mixed
   d) None
4. In the fraction 3/4, the number 3 is called the __.
   a) Denominator
   b) Numerator
   c) Whole
   d) Fraction
5. 1/3 of a circle means __ of the circle is shaded.
   a) 1 part out of 3
   b) 3 parts out of 1
   c) 2 parts out of 3
   d) 3 parts out of 2
6. Write the mixed fraction for 7/4.
   a) 1 3/4
   b) 2 1/4
   c) 1 1/4
   d) 2 2/4
7. 4/5 of a rectangle is __ of the rectangle.
   a) 4 parts out of 5
   b) 5 parts out of 4
   c) 1 part out of 4
   d) 5 parts out of 1
8. The fraction 2/5 is a __ fraction.
   a) Proper
   b) Improper
   c) Mixed
   d) None
9. 1/4 of a cake means __ of the cake is taken.
   a) 1 part out of 4
   b) 4 parts out of 1
   c) 2 parts out of 4
   d) 3 parts out of 4
10. Write the fraction for 3 parts shaded out of 8 equal parts.
    a) 3/8
    b) 8/3
    c) 3/5
    d) 5/3
11. 5/3 as a mixed fraction is __.
    a) 1 2/3
    b) 2 1/3
    c) 3 2/3
    d) 1 1/3
12. In the fraction 7/8, the number 8 is the __.
    a) Denominator
    b) Numerator
    c) Whole
    d) Fraction
13. 1/6 of a pizza means __ of the pizza is eaten.
    a) 1 part out of 6
    b) 6 parts out of 1
    c) 5 parts out of 6
    d) 6 parts out of 5
14. Write 9/4 as a mixed fraction.
    a) 2 1/4
    b) 2 3/4
    c) 3 1/4
    d) 1 2/4
15. In the fraction 3/2, the number 3 is the __.
    a) Denominator
    b) Numerator
    c) Whole
    d) Fraction

Class Activity Discussion

1. Q: What is a proper fraction?
   A: A fraction where the numerator is less than the denominator (e.g., 1/4).
2. Q: What is an improper fraction?
   A: A fraction where the numerator is greater than or equal to the denominator (e.g., 5/4).
3. Q: What is a mixed fraction?
   A: A combination of a whole number and a proper fraction (e.g., 1 1/4).
4. Q: How do you write 5/4 as a mixed fraction?
   A: 1 1/4.
5. Q: What is the numerator in 3/4?
   A: 3.
6. Q: What does 1/2 of a shape mean?
   A: Half of the shape is shaded.
7. Q: How do you write 7/4 as a mixed fraction?
   A: 1 3/4.
8. Q: What is the denominator in 2/5?
   A: 5.
9. Q: How do you write 9/4 as a mixed fraction?
   A: 2 1/4.
10. Q: What is 1/4 of a cake?
    A: A quarter of the cake is eaten.
11. Q: What is the denominator in 3/8?
    A: 8.
12. Q: How do you find 1/6 of a pizza?
    A: Divide the pizza into 6 equal parts and take 1 part.
13. Q: What is 5/3 as a mixed fraction?
    A: 1 2/3.
14. Q: How do you write 3 parts shaded out of 8 equal parts?
    A: 3/8.
15. Q: What is the numerator in 7/8?
    A: 7.

Presentation:

Step 1:
The teacher revises the previous topic on ordering numbers and introduces the concept of fractions.

Step 2:
The teacher explains proper, improper, and mixed fractions using visual aids and examples.

Step 3:
The teacher allows pupils to draw fractions, write fractions of shapes and objects, and solve problems. The teacher provides corrections as needed.

Teacher’s Activities:

• Demonstrate fractions using shapes and objects.
• Guide pupils in drawing and writing fractions.
• Facilitate group activities for solving fraction problems.

Learners’ Activities:

• Identify and draw fractions in different shapes.
• Write fractions of shapes and concrete objects.
• Solve problems involving fractions.

Assessment:

• Pupils will draw and write fractions of shapes and objects, and solve related problems in their workbooks.

Ten Evaluation Questions:

1. Write 1/2 as a fraction of a circle.
2. What is the mixed fraction for 7/3?
3. How do you represent 3/4 of a rectangle?
4. Write 2 1/2 as an improper fraction.
5. What is the fraction for 4 parts out of 6?
6. Draw 1/3 of a triangle.
7. Write 5/6 as a mixed fraction.
8. What is 1/4 of a cake?
9. Write 8/5 as a mixed fraction.
10. Draw 2/5 of a square.

Conclusion:

The teacher reviews pupils’ work, provides feedback, and clarifies any misunderstandings about fractions.

More Useful Links

• Equivalent and Ordering of Fractions Mathematics Primary 3 First Term Lesson Notes Week 6
• Numbers, Counting, Writing, and Addition Mathematics Primary 3 First Term Lesson Notes Week 9