Subject: 

MUSIC

Term:

FIRST TERM

Week:

WEEK 1

Class:

SS 1

Topic:

Notation: Staff and Tonic Sol-fa :

(a)Lines and spaces (stave)

(b) Tonic sol-fa

(c) Treble and bass clefs

(d) Melody in C major

Previous lesson: 

The pupils have previous knowledge of

 Third Term Examination JSS 3 Music

that was taught as a topic in the previous lesson

Behavioural objectives:

At the end of the lesson, the learners will be able to

• say the meaning of Notation of Tonic solfa
• give examples of various music lines and spaces
• explain the importance of Treble and bass clefs
• point out the need to master the use of c major in music

Instructional Materials:

• Wall charts
• Pictures
• Related Online Video
• Flash Cards

Methods of Teaching:

• Class Discussion
• Group Discussion
• Asking Questions
• Explanation
• Role Modelling
• Role Delegation

Reference Materials:

• Scheme of Work
• Online Information
• Textbooks
• Workbooks
• Basic Education Curriculum
• Workbooks

Content:

WEEK 1

TOPIC: Notation, Staff and Tonic Sol-fa:

CONTENT:

1. Notation: Lines and spaces

2.Staff and Tonic Sol-fa:

3.Tonic sol-fa,

4.Treble and bass clefs,

5.Melody in C major.

The staff is the basis of written music. It is what the notes are presented on. It consists of 5 lines with four spaces between them. The staff on the other hand is a set of five horizontal lines and four spaces that each represents a different musical pitch

A simple, unadorned staff is shown below.

The staff is made up of five lines and four spaces. The spaces are named after the notes F, A, C, and E. These notes spell out the word “FACE”.

Tonic sol-fa is a system of musical notation designed to aid in teaching pitch and sight singing of melodies. Tonic sol-fa is sometimes called “movable do”, because the starting note of a major scale can be changed to any other pitch, and the resulting collection of pitches will spell out a major scale using the same pattern of tones and semitones.

Treble clef is the notation used for high-pitched instruments. The treble clef is also known as the G clef because the symbol at the beginning of the staff (a stylized letter “G”) encircles the second line from the bottom.

Bass clef is the notation used for low-pitched instruments. The bass clef is also known as the F clef because the symbol at the beginning of the staff (a stylized letter “F”) encircles the fourth line from the bottom.

Melody is a linear succession of musical tones that the listener perceives as a single entity. The term is used for different purposes in different contexts. It may be emphasized to refer to the rectilinear successions of notes, pitch classes, or scale degrees forming themes or motifs in a composition, as opposed to the non-melodic harmonic and/or rhythmic accompaniment. A Melody is also sometimes called a “tune” or a “line”, while it can be distinguished from those by being more melodious, catchier, and having a clearer structure

C major is a major scale based on C, with the pitches C, D, E, F, G, A and B. Its key signature has no sharps or flats. The C major scale is one of the most basic scales in music. It is considered as a “white note scale”, because of its natural notes. When a major scale is based on a C, it is called a “C major scale”.

Lesson Development:

1. Notation: Lines and spaces

The staff is the basis of written music. It is what the notes are presented on. It consists of 5 lines with four spaces between them. The staff on the other hand is a set of five horizontal lines and four spaces that each represents a different musical pitch

A simple, unadorned staff is shown below. The staff is made up of five lines and four spaces. The spaces are named after the notes F, A, C, and E. These notes spell out the word “FACE”.

2. Staff and Tonic Sol-fa:

Tonic sol-fa is a system of musical notation designed to aid in teaching pitch and sight singing of melodies. Tonic sol-fa is sometimes called “movable do”, because the starting note of a major scale can be changed to any other pitch, and the resulting collection of pitches will spell out a major scale using the same pattern of tones and semitones.

3. Treble clef is the notation used for high-pitched instruments. The treble clef is also known as the G clef because the symbol at the beginning of the staff (a stylized letter “G”) encircles the second line from the bottom.

4. Bass clef is the notation used for low-pitched instruments. The bass clef is also known as the F clef because the symbol at the beginning of the staff (a stylized letter “F”) encircles the fourth line from the bottom.

5. Melody:

Melody is a linear succession of musical tones that the listener perceives as a single entity. The term is used for different purposes in different contexts. It may be emphasized to refer to the rectilinear successions of notes, pitch classes, or scale degrees forming themes or motifs in a composition, as opposed to the non-melodic harmonic and/or rhythmic accompaniment. A Melody is also sometimes called a “tune” or a “line”, while it can be distinguished from those by being more melodious, catchier, and having a clearer structure

6. C major:

C major is a major scale based on C, with the pitches C, D, E, F, G, A and B. Its key signature has no sharps or flats. The C major scale is one of the most basic scales in music. It is considered as a “white note scale”, because of its natural notes. When a major scale is based on a C, it is called a “C major scale”.

Treble Clef:

The treble staff: Since it curls around the G line, it is also called a G clef. The treble staff begins with the first line as E. Each successive space and line is the next letter in the musical alphabet. The staff ends with the last line as an F.

One of the most common phrases used to remember the names of the lines is:

EveryGoodBoy DoesFine.

To remember the spaces, just remember that they spell

FACE

starting from the bottom.

Bass Clef:

This is the bass (pronounced ‘base’) staff. The bass clef, also known as the F clef because it locates the line known as “F” on the far left. The bass clef uses the same musical alphabet as treble, but the letters start in different places. Instead of an E, the bottom line is a G, and the letters

proceed logically from there. One of the most common phrases to remember the names of the lines is: (Good Boys Does Fine Always).

The lines on the bass clef, from bottom to top are: G, B, D, F, A and the spaces are A, C ,E, G

(All Cows Eat Grass).

EVALUATION

1.     What is staff?

2.     What are the differences between the Treble and Bass clef?

3.     What are the letter names of the treble clef?

Tonic Solfa Notation is a system which involves the use of syllabic names for music reading. These syllabic names are called solfa notes and are designed to foster sight singing as well as ear training. It also facilitates study of harmony and music appreciation. Tonic solfa is a system for singing; which has been extremely successful in sight reading, especially to those who have no knowledge of staff notation.

In a nutshell tonic solfa notation is a method of reading music. The method was established in the Nineteenth Century in Britain and was made popular by John Curwen. It is based on the use of seven consonant small letters of the alphabets, d, r, m, f, s, l, t. To complete the note of the scale, the first letter, ‘d’(doh) is usually repeated after the seventh letter and this brings the number of the notes to eight ,it becomes d, r, m, f, s, l, t, d.

In 1841, Reverend John Curwen (1816-1880) received a commission from a conference of Sunday school teachers to discover and promote the simplest way of teaching music for use in Sunday school singing.     Curwen made several modifications to Glover’s solfa notation and finally decided upon a pitch representation system which utilised the first letter (in lower case) of each of the solmisation tones (doh, ray, me fah, soh, lah, te) and a rhythmic notation system which utilised bar lines, half bar lines and semicolons prefixing strong beats, medium beats and weak beats respectively in each measure. For marking the subdivisions of beats he used a full stop for half divisions and a comma for quarter divisions, and for continuation of a tone from one beat to the next he employed a dash. As he originally conceived it, Curwen aimed to develop music literacy

in three successive phases: firstly, reading from solfa notation. Secondly, reading from staff notation in conjunction with solfa notation, and thirdly, reading from staff notation alone.

ASSIGNMENT

1.     Draw the music staff

2.     Draw the treble clef with the names of lines and spaces.

3.     What are the letter names of the bass clef?

Presentation

The topic is presented step by step

Step 1:

The class teacher revises the previous topics

Step 2.

He introduces the new topic

Step 3:

The class teacher allows the pupils to give their own examples and he corrects them when the needs arise

EVALUATION

1. What is Staff and Tonic Sol-fa ?
2. Mention three foreign dances?
3. Mention one example each of Yoruba, Hausa and Igbo folk dance

1. What are the five lines and four spaces in the music staff called?

a. Tonic sol-fa

b. Treble and bass clefs

c. Lines and spaces (stave)

d. Melody in C major

2. What is the treble clef?

a. The five lines and four spaces in the music staff

b. Tonic sol-fa

c. The treble and bass clefs

d. Melody in C major

3. What are the letter names of the bass clef?

a. Tonic sol-fa

b. Treble and bass clefs

c. The five lines and four spaces in the music staff

d. Melody in C major

4. What is a solfa?

a. Tonic sol-fa

b. Treble and bass clefs

c. The five lines and four spaces in the music staff

d. Melody in C major

5. What is the melody in C major?

a. Tonic sol-fa

b. Treble and bass clefs

c. The five lines and four spaces in the music staff

d. Melody in C major

6. What are the five lines in the treble clef called?

a. Tonic sol-fa

b. Treble and bass clefs

c. The five lines in the treble clef

d. Melody in C major

7. What are the four spaces in the treble clef called?

a. Tonic sol-fa

b. Treble and bass clefs

c. The four spaces in the treble clef

d. Melody in C major

8. What is the bass clef?

a. Tonic sol-fa

b. Treble and bass clefs

c. The bass clef

d. Melody in C major

9. What are the five lines in the bass clef called?

a. Tonic sol-fa

b. Treble and bass clefs

c. The five lines in the bass clef

d. Melody in C major

10. What are the four spaces in the bass clef called?

a. Tonic sol-fa

b. Treble and bass clefs

c. The four spaces in the bass clef

d. Melody in C major

11. What are the five lines and four spaces in the music staff called?

a. Tonic sol-fa

b. Treble and bass clefs

c. Lines and spaces (stave)

d. Melody in C major

12. What is the treble clef?

a. The five lines and four spaces in the music staff

b. Tonic sol-fa

c. The treble and bass clefs

d. Melody in C major

Conclusion

The class teacher wraps up or concludes the lesson by giving out short notes to summarize the topic that he or she has just taught.

The class teacher also goes round to make sure that the notes are well copied or well written by the pupils.

He or she makes the necessary corrections when and where the needs arise.