Generational Development of Computers Computer Studies Primary 3 First Term Lesson Notes Week 3
Information Technology (IT) Primary 3 First Term Lesson Notes Week 3
Subject: Information Technology (IT)
Class: Primary 3
Term: First Term
Week: 3
Age: 8 years
Topic: Generational Development of Computers
Sub-topic: From Abacus to Smartphone
Duration: 40 minutes
Behavioural Objectives: By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:
- Outline the various stages of computer development.
- Match specific years with the advancements in computer technology.
- Explain how computers have evolved from the abacus to smartphones.
Keywords: Abacus, Generation, Computer, Development, Smartphone, Evolution
Set Induction: The teacher will show a short video or slideshow of different computers from the abacus to the smartphone and ask pupils to identify each one.
Entry Behaviour: Pupils have basic knowledge of computer parts and previous exposure to different types of technology.
Learning Resources and Materials:
- Pictures of abacus, early computers, and modern smartphones
- Timeline chart
- Flashcards with years and advancements
Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge: Connecting prior knowledge about computer parts to how computers have evolved over time.
Embedded Core Skills:
- Critical thinking
- Communication
- Observation
Learning Materials:
- Lagos State Scheme of Work
- Pictures and diagrams of different computers through the ages
- Flashcards with key terms and years
Reference Books:
- Lagos State Scheme of Work for Primary 3
- IT history textbooks
Instructional Materials:
- Flashcards
- Pictures
- Diagrams
- Whiteboard
Content
Generational Development of Computers
- Abacus (2000 BC):
- First known tool for calculations.
- Mechanical Calculators (1600s):
- Early machines that could perform basic arithmetic.
- First Generation Computers (1940s-1950s):
- Used vacuum tubes and were very large.
- Second Generation Computers (1950s-1960s):
- Used transistors, making them smaller and faster.
- Third Generation Computers (1960s-1970s):
- Used integrated circuits, further reducing size and increasing speed.
- Fourth Generation Computers (1970s-present):
- Use microprocessors, leading to personal computers and laptops.
- Fifth Generation Computers (Present and Beyond):
- Use artificial intelligence and advanced processing capabilities, including smartphones.
Matching Years with Advancements
- 2000 BC: Abacus
- 1600s: Mechanical Calculators
- 1940s-1950s: First Generation Computers
- 1950s-1960s: Second Generation Computers
- 1960s-1970s: Third Generation Computers
- 1970s-present: Fourth Generation Computers
- Present and Beyond: Fifth Generation Computers
Questions
- The first tool used for calculations was the ______. a) Abacus b) Smartphone c) Vacuum tube d) Transistor
- Mechanical calculators were used in the ______. a) 2000 BC b) 1600s c) 1940s d) Present
- The first generation of computers used ______. a) Microprocessors b) Integrated circuits c) Transistors d) Vacuum tubes
- Second generation computers used ______. a) Microprocessors b) Vacuum tubes c) Transistors d) Integrated circuits
- Integrated circuits were used in the ______ generation of computers. a) First b) Second c) Third d) Fourth
- Personal computers and laptops belong to the ______ generation. a) First b) Fourth c) Second d) Third
- Fifth generation computers use ______. a) Mechanical calculators b) Transistors c) Artificial intelligence d) Vacuum tubes
- The abacus was used around ______. a) 1600s b) 1940s c) 2000 BC d) Present
- The ______ generation saw the introduction of transistors. a) First b) Second c) Third d) Fourth
- Smartphones are part of the ______ generation of computers. a) First b) Second c) Fourth d) Fifth
- Vacuum tubes were used in ______ generation computers. a) First b) Second c) Third d) Fourth
- Integrated circuits made computers ______. a) Larger b) Smaller c) Slower d) Less efficient
- The third generation of computers started in the ______. a) 1960s b) 1600s c) 1940s d) 2000 BC
- Computers with artificial intelligence belong to the ______ generation. a) First b) Second c) Third d) Fifth
- The introduction of microprocessors occurred in the ______ generation. a) First b) Fourth c) Second d) Third
Class Activity Discussion
- What is an abacus?
- An abacus is an ancient tool used for calculations.
- When were mechanical calculators used?
- In the 1600s.
- What did the first generation of computers use?
- They used vacuum tubes.
- What replaced vacuum tubes in the second generation?
- Transistors replaced vacuum tubes.
- What advancement marked the third generation of computers?
- The use of integrated circuits.
- When did microprocessors become common?
- In the fourth generation of computers.
- What are fifth generation computers known for?
- They use artificial intelligence and advanced processing.
- What is a microprocessor?
- A microprocessor is a small chip that contains the functions of a computer’s CPU.
- How did integrated circuits improve computers?
- They made computers smaller, faster, and more reliable.
- Why are smartphones considered fifth generation computers?
- Because they use advanced technology and artificial intelligence.
- What were the main characteristics of first generation computers?
- They were very large and used vacuum tubes.
- When did the second generation of computers start?
- In the 1950s.
- What is the importance of transistors in computer history?
- They made computers smaller and more efficient.
- How did the introduction of integrated circuits change computers?
- It significantly reduced the size and increased the speed of computers.
- What is the current generation of computers?
- The fifth generation, which includes modern devices like smartphones.
Presentation
Step 1: The teacher revises the previous topic, which was the basic parts and functions of a computer.
Step 2: The teacher introduces the new topic by showing pictures and explaining the stages of computer development from the abacus to the smartphone.
Step 3: The teacher allows the pupils to give their own contributions and corrects them when and where necessary.
Teacher’s Activities:
- Show pictures and diagrams of different stages of computer development.
- Explain each stage and its significance.
- Guide pupils in matching years with advancements.
Learners’ Activities:
- Observe and identify different computer stages.
- Participate in matching activities.
- Ask and answer questions about computer history.
Assessment:
- Name the tool used for calculations in 2000 BC.
- What did the first generation of computers use?
- When were transistors introduced in computers?
- What generation used integrated circuits?
- What marks the fifth generation of computers?
- What year did mechanical calculators appear?
- Describe the significance of microprocessors.
- How did integrated circuits improve computers?
- What is artificial intelligence?
- Match 1940s-1950s with the correct computer generation.
Conclusion: The teacher goes around to mark and provide feedback on the pupils’ answers and participation.
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