Meaning and Examples of Harmful Substances Social Studies Primary 2 Third Term Lesson Notes Week 7
Subject: Social Studies
Class: Grade 2 / Basic 2
Term: Third Term
Week: Week 7
Topic: Harmful Substances and Prevention
Duration: 45 minutes
Behavioural Objectives: At the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
- Define harmful substances.
- Identify examples of harmful substances.
- Understand ways to prevent food poisoning and exposure to harmful substances.
Entry Behaviour: Students have prior knowledge of basic safety practices at home and are familiar with common household items.
Learning Resources and Materials:
- Visual aids (pictures of harmful substances)
- Charts displaying preventive measures
- Whiteboard and markers
- Worksheets
Building Background / Connection to Prior Knowledge: Recall previous lessons on safety measures at home, emphasizing the importance of avoiding harmful substances.
Embedded Core Skills: Critical thinking, communication, and problem-solving.
Learning Materials: Lagos State Scheme of Work, reference books on safety and health.
Content:
- Introduction to harmful substances:
- Define harmful substances as items that can cause harm or injury to our bodies.
- Discuss examples of harmful substances, such as unripe fruits, expired drugs, and contaminated food.
- Ways to prevent exposure to harmful substances:
- Avoiding unripe fruits, rotten food, and expired drugs.
- Checking expiry dates on canned and processed foods.
- Being cautious when eating out, especially at local food joints.
- Not playing with electrical installations at home.
- Avoiding contaminated food items like suya and beans.
- Being mindful of the quality of water consumed.
Meaning of Harmful Substances:
- Harmful substances are things that can hurt us.
- They are dangerous and can cause injuries to our bodies.
Examples of Harmful Substances:
- Eating unripe fruits like mangoes, oranges, or bananas 🍌
- Playing with electrical plugs and sockets in the house ⚡
- Eating rotten fruits 🍎
- Eating spoiled food 🥩
- Expired drugs 💊
- Expired canned food 🥫
- Eating contaminated roasted meat like suya 🍢
- Eating beans contaminated with chemicals, insecticides, or herbicides 🌿
- Drinking impure water, which can lead to cholera or diarrhea 💧
- Eating roasted plantain from rusty iron mesh, which can contaminate the plantain 🍌
How to Prevent Food Poisoning or Eating Contaminated Food:
- Avoid eating unripe fruits 🚫
- Don’t play with electrical installations at home 🛑
- Avoid eating rotten foods 🚮
- Don’t eat food that isn’t properly prepared or hygienic 🍴
- Check expiration dates on canned and processed foods before eating them 📅
- Be cautious when eating out, especially at street food stalls 🍽️
- Be careful where you buy suya from 🛒
- Avoid buying roasted plantain that looks bad or is cooked on rusty surfaces 🍌🔥
Class Activity Discussion
- What are harmful substances?
- Harmful substances are things that can hurt us or cause injuries to our bodies.
- Can you give examples of harmful substances?
- Examples include eating unripe fruits, playing with electrical plugs, consuming expired drugs, and eating spoiled or contaminated food.
- Why should we avoid eating unripe fruits?
- Eating unripe fruits can upset our stomachs and make us feel sick.
- What can happen if we play with electrical plugs?
- Playing with electrical plugs can result in electric shocks, which can be dangerous and harmful to our bodies.
- How can we prevent food poisoning?
- We can prevent food poisoning by avoiding eating spoiled or contaminated food and ensuring that food is properly prepared and cooked.
- Why is it important to check expiration dates on canned foods?
- Checking expiration dates ensures that we do not consume expired or potentially harmful food items.
- What should we do if we suspect food is spoiled?
- If we suspect food is spoiled, it is best to avoid eating it and dispose of it properly to prevent foodborne illnesses.
- How can contaminated meat harm us?
- Contaminated meat can contain harmful bacteria that may cause food poisoning or other illnesses if consumed.
- Why is it important to wash fruits and vegetables before eating them?
- Washing fruits and vegetables helps remove dirt, pesticides, and harmful bacteria, reducing the risk of foodborne illnesses.
- What should we do if we find insects or foreign objects in our food?
- If we find insects or foreign objects in our food, we should stop eating it and inform an adult or authority figure.
- How can expired drugs affect our health?
- Expired drugs may lose their effectiveness and could potentially be harmful if consumed past their expiration date.
- Why should we avoid eating from rusty surfaces or containers?
- Rusty surfaces or containers may contain harmful chemicals or bacteria that can contaminate our food and make us sick.
- What precautions should we take when eating outside the home?
- When eating outside the home, we should choose clean and reputable establishments, avoid food from questionable sources, and ensure that food is cooked and handled properly.
- Why is it essential to store food properly?
- Proper food storage helps prevent contamination and spoilage, ensuring that food remains safe to eat.
- How can we promote food safety in our community?
- We can promote food safety by educating others about proper food handling and storage practices, advocating for clean and hygienic food establishments, and reporting any food safety concerns to authorities.
Objective questions:
- Eating unripe fruits like mangoes, oranges, or banana can ________ us.
- a) harm
- b) help
- c) heal
- d) hide
- Playing with electric plugs and sockets at home can lead to ________.
- a) fun
- b) danger
- c) safety
- d) sleep
- Eating ________ fruits can make us sick.
- a) fresh
- b) ripe
- c) rotten
- d) juicy
- We should avoid eating ________ food.
- a) tasty
- b) spoiled
- c) fresh
- d) delicious
- We should check the expiry dates on ________ before consuming them.
- a) fruits
- b) vegetables
- c) drugs
- d) water
- Eating contaminated roasted meat like suya can cause ________.
- a) happiness
- b) illness
- c) laughter
- d) sleep
- Drinking pure water that is not really pure may lead to ________ or diarrhea.
- a) happiness
- b) hunger
- c) cholera
- d) fever
- Eating roasted plantain from rust iron mash can ________ the plantain.
- a) clean
- b) contaminate
- c) preserve
- d) improve
- Avoiding ________ foods can help prevent food poisoning.
- a) fresh
- b) healthy
- c) spoiled
- d) tasty
- We should be careful when eating out, especially at ________.
- a) home
- b) school
- c) Bukka Joints
- d) markets
- Checking expiry dates on processed food helps us avoid eating ________ food.
- a) fresh
- b) healthy
- c) spoiled
- d) delicious
- Eating spoiled food can make us ________.
- a) happy
- b) healthy
- c) sick
- d) sleepy
- We should not eat food that is not properly and ________ prepared.
- a) clean
- b) dirty
- c) hygienically
- d) tasty
- Eating ________ fruits can upset our stomachs.
- a) ripe
- b) fresh
- c) unripe
- d) juicy
- Playing with electrical plugs and sockets can result in ________.
- a) fun
- b) danger
- c) safety
- d) sleep
Presentation:
- Step 1: Revision of previous topics on safety measures at home.
- Step 2: Introduction of the new topic: Harmful Substances and Prevention.
- Step 3: Interactive session: Students share examples of harmful substances they know. Teacher corrects misconceptions and provides additional examples.
Teacher’s Activities:
- Facilitate discussions on harmful substances.
- Present examples and explanations using visual aids.
- Monitor student engagement and understanding.
Learners Activities:
- Participate in discussions.
- Identify harmful substances.
- Ask questions for clarification.
Assessment:
- Observation during class discussions.
- Completion of worksheets on harmful substances and prevention.
Ten Evaluation Questions:
- What are harmful substances?
- Give three examples of harmful substances.
- How can you prevent food poisoning?
- Why is it important to check expiry dates on canned foods?
- Name two places where you should be careful when eating out.
- Why should you avoid playing with electrical installations at home?
- What should you do if you notice rotten fruits at home?
- How can contaminated food like suya harm you?
- What is the danger of drinking impure water?
- Explain why it’s important to eat properly prepared food.
Conclusion: The teacher summarizes key points from the lesson and answers any remaining questions from students. Students are reminded to apply the preventive measures discussed in their daily lives.
Note: The teacher goes around to mark worksheets and provide feedback on student responses
Useful Links
Assignment
Ways of Preventing the intake of Harmful Substances