Pollution – Meaning, Types and Effects of Pollution Social Studies Primary 5 Third Term Lesson Notes Week 9

Subject: Social Studies

Class: Primary 5

Term: Third Term

Week: 9

Topic: Pollution – Meaning, Types, and Effects of Pollution

Sub-topic: Understanding the concept and impact of pollution

Duration: 45 minutes

Behavioural Objectives:

• Students will define pollution and identify its types.
• Students will recognize the causes of land and air pollution.
• Students will understand the effects of pollution on the environment and human health.

Key Vocabulary Words:

• Pollution
• Land Pollution
• Water Pollution
• Air Pollution
• Refuse
• Carcass
• Polythene bags
• Harmful chemicals
• Respiratory diseases
• Drainage system
• Aquatic animals

Learning Resources and Materials:

• Textbook: Social Studies for Primary 5
• Whiteboard and markers
• Pictures showing examples of pollution
• Chart displaying causes and effects of pollution

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge:

• Review previous lessons on environmental issues and human health.
• Discuss how pollution affects our surroundings and why it’s important to prevent it.

Embedded Core Skills:

• Critical thinking
• Problem-solving
• Communication
• Collaboration

Content:

1. Introduction to Pollution: Define pollution as making natural resources unfit for human use due to contamination.
2. Types of Pollution: Discuss land, water, and air pollution and provide examples of each.
3. Land Pollution: Explain how littering with refuse, carcasses, and plastic bags contributes to land pollution.
4. Causes of Land Pollution: Identify refuse, pieces of paper, broken bottles, and plastic bags as common causes.
5. Air Pollution: Define air pollution and list sources such as smoke from burning wood, cigarettes, and vehicle exhaust.
6. Effects of Pollution: Describe the impact of pollution on respiratory health, environmental aesthetics, drainage systems, and aquatic life.
7. Prevention of Pollution: Introduce methods to reduce pollution, such as proper waste disposal and avoiding harmful chemicals.

Pollution – Meaning, Types, and Effects

1. What is pollution?
   • Pollution means making things dirty or harmful.
   • It makes land, water, or air unsafe for people to use. 🌿💧🌬️
2. Types of Pollution:
   • Land Pollution: When land is filled with garbage or litter.
   • Water Pollution: Happens when trash or chemicals enter rivers or oceans.
   • Air Pollution: Occurs when smoke or harmful gases fill the air. 🏞️🚰🏭
3. Causes of Land Pollution:
   • Trash like papers or plastic bottles.
   • Broken glass or dirt left on the ground. 🗑️🚯
4. Causes of Air Pollution:
   • Smoke from burning wood or bush.
   • Smoke from vehicle exhaust pipes.
   • Harmful chemicals and tear gas. 🌳🚗💨
5. Effects of Pollution:
   • Air pollution can cause breathing problems.
   • Land pollution makes our surroundings dirty and can block drainage systems.
   • Chemicals in water can harm fish and other aquatic animals. 🐟🚱

Understanding pollution helps us keep our environment clean and safe! 🌍

Class Activity Discussion 

1. What does pollution mean?
   • Pollution means making natural resources like land, water, or air unfit for human use.
2. What are the types of pollution?
   • Land Pollution
   • Water Pollution
   • Air Pollution
3. What is land pollution?
   • Land pollution occurs when land is littered with rubbish like refuse, carcass, or pieces of paper.
4. What are the causes of land pollution?
   • Refuse
   • Pieces of paper
   • Dirt
   • Broken bottles
   • Empty plastic bottles
   • Use of polythene bags
5. What is air pollution?
   • Air pollution means making the air unsafe for human use.
6. What are the causes of air pollution?
   • Smoke from burning wood
   • Smoke from burning bush
   • Smoke from cigarettes
   • Smoke from exhaust pipe of vehicles
   • Harmful chemicals
   • Tear gas
   • Sound and smoke from generators
7. What are the effects of pollution on health?
   • Air pollution may lead to respiratory diseases.
8. How does land pollution affect our surroundings?
   • Land pollutants like refuse make our surroundings and environments become an eyesore if not cleaned in time.
9. How do used plastic bottles contribute to pollution?
   • Used plastic bottles block the drainage system, which may cause flooding during the rainy season.
10. What is the effect of tear gas on the eyes?
    • Tear gas may irritate the eyes and cause discomfort.
11. What is the impact of chemicals on aquatic animals?
    • Chemicals kill aquatic animals.
12. How can pollution be harmful to humans?
    • Pollution can cause respiratory diseases and discomfort.
13. What happens when land is littered with broken bottles?
    • Littered broken bottles contribute to land pollution.
14. What is the source of smoke in air pollution?
    • Smoke from burning wood, cigarettes, and vehicle exhaust pipes contribute to air pollution.
15. How can we prevent pollution?
    • We can prevent pollution by disposing of waste properly and reducing the use of harmful chemicals.

Answer the following questions

1. Pollution means making natural resources like land, water, or air ______ for human use. a) clean b) unfit c) fresh d) safe
2. Land pollution occurs when land is littered with _______. a) flowers b) trash c) trees d) animals
3. ________ is a type of pollution that occurs when water bodies are contaminated. a) Land pollution b) Air pollution c) Water pollution d) Noise pollution
4. Air pollution means making the air ______ for human use. a) pure b) clean c) unsafe d) refreshing
5. Smoke from burning wood is a cause of _________. a) water pollution b) air pollution c) noise pollution d) land pollution
6. ________ may irritate the eyes and cause discomfort. a) Smoke from vehicles b) Tear gas c) Harmful chemicals d) Sound from generators
7. Land pollutants like ________ can make our surroundings dirty. a) trees b) flowers c) refuse d) birds
8. ________ can lead to respiratory diseases. a) Land pollution b) Water pollution c) Air pollution d) Noise pollution
9. Used plastic bottles can block ________. a) the sky b) the road c) the drainage system d) the ocean
10. Chemicals in water can harm ________. a) humans b) birds c) aquatic animals d) trees
11. Pollution makes natural resources like land, water, or air ______ for human use. a) safe b) unfit c) healthy d) enjoyable
12. _______ is a type of pollution caused by smoke and harmful gases. a) Water pollution b) Land pollution c) Air pollution d) Noise pollution
13. _______ occurs when land is filled with garbage or litter. a) Water pollution b) Air pollution c) Land pollution d) Noise pollution
14. Smoke from the exhaust pipe of vehicles is a cause of ________. a) water pollution b) air pollution c) land pollution d) noise pollution
15. ________ may lead to flooding during the rainy season. a) Used plastic bottles b) Smoke from burning wood c) Tear gas d) Refuse

Presentation:

• Step 1: Revise the previous topic on environmental conservation.
• Step 2: Introduce the concept of pollution using examples and visuals.
• Step 3: Engage students in discussions about the causes and effects of pollution, correcting misconceptions as needed.

Teacher’s Activities:

• Present definitions and examples of pollution types.
• Facilitate class discussions on the causes and effects of pollution.
• Use visuals and real-life examples to enhance understanding.

Learners’ Activities:

• Define pollution and identify its types.
• Discuss the causes and effects of land and air pollution.
• Participate in group activities and discussions.

Assessment:

• Observe students’ participation in class discussions.
• Evaluate students’ understanding through oral questioning.
• Review students’ completion of assignments related to pollution.

Evaluation Questions:

1. What is pollution, and why is it harmful?
2. Name three types of pollution and provide examples.
3. How does land pollution occur, and what are its causes?
4. List three sources of air pollution and their effects.
5. Explain how pollution affects the environment and human health.
6. What are some ways to prevent land pollution?
7. Describe the impact of air pollution on respiratory diseases.
8. How can plastic bags contribute to land pollution?
9. Why is it important to dispose of waste properly?
10. How can individuals contribute to reducing pollution in their communities?

Conclusion:

• Recap key points about pollution and its impact.
• Encourage students to practice environmentally friendly behaviors.
• Provide feedback on students’ understanding and address any remaining questions or concerns.

Assignment 

Please kindly prepare for the next lesson by reading about

Physical Fitness and Population 

Natural Disaster – Meaning (Types) Causes of Disaster