Detailed Student-Centered Lesson Plan

Subject: Mathematics
Class: Primary 4
Term: Third Term
Week: 5
Topic: Multiplication and Division of Length
Sub-topic: Understanding Multiplication and Division of Length
Duration: 60 minutes

Behavioral Objectives:

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Define multiplication and division.
2. Multiply lengths to find the total length.
3. Divide lengths to find equal parts.
4. Solve word problems involving multiplication and division of length.

Key Words:

• Multiplication
• Division
• Length
• Perimeter
• Equal parts

Entry Behaviour:

Pupils are familiar with basic multiplication and division.

Learning Resources and Materials:

• Rulers
• Toy blocks
• Measuring tape
• Length charts

Building Background / Connection to Prior Knowledge:

Pupils have previously learned basic multiplication and division with smaller numbers.

Embedded Core Skills:

• Critical thinking
• Problem-solving
• Measurement skills

Reference Books:

• Lagos State Scheme of Work
• Primary 4 Mathematics Textbook

Instructional Materials:

• Flashcards
• Charts with multiplication and division examples
• Toy blocks

Content:

Understanding multiplication and division in the context of length measurement.

Multiplication and Division of Length

Key Points

1. Multiplication is Repeated Addition 🧮
   • Adding the same number many times.
   • Example: 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 is the same as 3 × 4.
2. Length 📏
   • How long something is.
   • The longer side of a rectangle is called the length.
   • The shorter side of a rectangle is called the breadth.

Examples

1. Example 1: Height of Toy Blocks
   • Height of one block: 8 cm.
   • Total height of 6 blocks: 8 cm × 6 = 48 cm.
   • So, 6 blocks are 48 cm tall.
2. Example 2: Perimeter of a Square
   • Perimeter of the square: 48 cm.
   • A square has 4 equal sides.
   • Length of each side: 48 cm ÷ 4 = 12 cm.
   • Each side of the square is 12 cm long.

Exercises 📝

1. Cutting a Rope
   • A 40 cm rope is cut into 5 equal pieces.
   • Length of each piece: 40 cm ÷ 5 = 8 cm.
   • Each piece of rope is 8 cm long.
   • If each piece makes a square, the side length of each square is 8 cm.
2. Height of Hills ⛰️
   • Hill A: 120 m.
   • Hill B: 2 times Hill A = 120 m × 2 = 240 m.
   • Hill C: 2 times Hill B = 240 m × 2 = 480 m.
   • Total height of the three hills: 120 m + 240 m + 480 m = 840 m.
3. Multiplication
   • Multiply 456 cm by 15.
   • 456 cm × 15 = 6,840 cm.
4. Division
   • Divide 624 cm by 4.
   • 624 cm ÷ 4 = 156 cm.

By breaking down the concepts and using examples, I hope you find multiplication and division of length easy to understand!

Class Activity Discussion

1. Q: What is multiplication?
   A: Multiplication is adding the same number many times.
2. Q: What is division?
   A: Division is splitting a number into equal parts.
3. Q: How do you find the total length of several objects?
   A: Multiply the length of one object by the number of objects.
4. Q: How do you find the length of one piece when cutting a rope?
   A: Divide the total length by the number of pieces.
5. Q: If a block is 5 cm high, what is the height of 7 blocks stacked together?
   A: 5 cm × 7 = 35 cm.
6. Q: What is the perimeter of a square?
   A: Add up all four sides or multiply one side by 4.
7. Q: If the perimeter of a square is 32 cm, how long is one side?
   A: 32 cm ÷ 4 = 8 cm.
8. Q: How do you find the total height of three hills if you know the height of each?
   A: Add the heights of the three hills.
9. Q: If Hill A is 50 m and Hill B is twice as tall, how tall is Hill B?
   A: 50 m × 2 = 100 m.
10. Q: How do you multiply lengths?
    A: Multiply the numbers just like normal multiplication.
11. Q: How do you divide lengths?
    A: Divide the numbers just like normal division.
12. Q: If a ribbon is 100 cm and cut into 5 pieces, how long is each piece?
    A: 100 cm ÷ 5 = 20 cm.
13. Q: What is the total length of 8 pencils if one pencil is 10 cm long?
    A: 10 cm × 8 = 80 cm.
14. Q: If a rectangle’s length is 12 cm and breadth is 4 cm, what is the perimeter?
    A: (12 cm + 4 cm) × 2 = 32 cm.
15. Q: If the perimeter of a square is 48 cm, how long is each side?
    A: 48 cm ÷ 4 = 12 cm.

Presentation:

Step 1: Revision of Previous Topic

Teacher’s Activities:

• Review the previous topic on basic multiplication and division.
• Ask questions to ensure understanding.

Learners’ Activities:

• Answer questions from the teacher.
• Participate in discussions.

Step 2: Introduction of New Topic

Teacher’s Activities:

• Introduce the new topic: Multiplication and Division of Length.
• Explain multiplication as repeated addition and division as splitting into equal parts.
• Use examples with rulers and toy blocks.

Learners’ Activities:

• Listen to the teacher.
• Observe the examples.

Step 3: Guided Practice

Teacher’s Activities:

• Provide several examples of multiplying and dividing lengths.
• Allow pupils to try similar problems.
• Correct and guide pupils when necessary.

Learners’ Activities:

• Solve given problems.
• Share their answers and methods with the class.
• Ask questions if they do not understand.

Teacher’s Activities:

• Engage pupils with practical examples.
• Monitor and assist pupils during practice.
• Provide feedback and corrections.

Learners’ Activities:

• Participate actively in solving problems.
• Work in pairs or groups to discuss solutions.
• Share their findings with the class.

Assessment:

• Observe pupils’ participation.
• Check the accuracy of their answers.
• Provide immediate feedback.

Evaluation Questions:

1. What is multiplication?
2. What is division?
3. If a block is 5 cm high, what is the height of 4 blocks?
4. A rope of 40 cm is cut into 4 equal parts. How long is each part?
5. What is the perimeter of a square with a side of 6 cm?
6. If a pencil is 10 cm long, what is the total length of 5 pencils?
7. Divide 56 cm by 7.
8. If a rectangle’s length is 8 cm and breadth is 4 cm, what is the perimeter?
9. Hill A is 50 m tall. Hill B is twice as tall. How tall is Hill B?
10. What is the length of one side of a square with a perimeter of 20 cm?

Conclusion:

Teacher’s Activities:

• Go around the class to check pupils’ work.
• Mark their work and provide necessary corrections.
• Summarize the lesson.

Learners’ Activities:

• Submit their work for marking.
• Listen to the teacher’s summary.
• Ask any remaining questions.

This lesson plan aims to engage students through hands-on activities and practical examples, ensuring they understand the concepts of multiplication and division of length.

Multiplication and Division of Mass