Mastering Consonant Sounds: /v/, /n/, and /ŋ/ Phonemic Awareness Diction Speech Work English Grammar Primary 5 First Term Lesson Notes Week 3

Subject: English Grammar
Class: Primary 5
Term: First Term
Week: 3
Age: 10 years
Topic: Consonant Sounds
Sub-topic: Speech Work: Consonant Sounds /v/, /n/, and /ŋ/
Duration: 1 hour

Behavioural Objectives:
By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

• Identify and pronounce the consonant sounds /v/, /n/, and /ŋ/ correctly.
• Write words that contain these sounds.
• Construct sentences using words with these consonant sounds.

Keywords: Consonant sounds, /v/ sound, /n/ sound, /ŋ/ sound, Pronunciation, Diction

Set Induction:

• Begin by playing an audio clip with words that emphasize the consonant sounds /v/, /n/, and /ŋ/. Ask the pupils to listen carefully and identify the sounds they hear.

Entry Behaviour:

• Pupils should be familiar with basic consonant sounds and how they differ from vowel sounds.

Learning Resources and Materials:

• Flashcards with words containing /v/, /n/, and /ŋ/ sounds.
• Audio recordings of words with these consonant sounds.
• Visual aids showing the mouth positions for producing these sounds.

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge:

• Review the consonant sounds learned in previous lessons. Discuss the role of consonants in forming words.

Embedded Core Skills:

• Listening and speaking skills
• Pronunciation
• Oral communication

Learning Materials:

• Flashcards
• Audio player
• Visual aids

Reference Books:

• Lagos State Scheme of Work
• English Grammar Textbooks for Primary 5

Instructional Materials:

• Whiteboard and markers
• Handouts with exercises on consonant sounds

Content:

1. Consonant Sound /v/:
   • The /v/ sound is a voiced consonant made by placing the upper teeth lightly on the lower lip and vibrating the vocal cords.
   • Examples:
     • “van” /væn/
     • “very” /ˈvɛri/
     • “voice” /vɔɪs/
2. Consonant Sound /n/:
   • The /n/ sound is a voiced consonant made by placing the tongue against the upper teeth ridge and allowing air to pass through the nose.
   • Examples:
     • “no” /noʊ/
     • “nine” /naɪn/
     • “name” /neɪm/
3. Consonant Sound /ŋ/:
   • The /ŋ/ sound is a voiced nasal consonant made by the back of the tongue against the soft palate.
   • It is found at the end of words like “sing” and “ring.”
   • Examples:
     • “sing” /sɪŋ/
     • “long” /lɔŋ/
     • “king” /kɪŋ/
4. Writing Words with /v/, /n/, and /ŋ/ Sounds:
   • Practice writing words that include these consonant sounds.
   • Example words:
     • /v/: “van,” “vest,” “visit”
     • /n/: “net,” “nose,” “nice”
     • /ŋ/: “song,” “ring,” “strong”
5. Constructing Sentences with /v/, /n/, and /ŋ/ Sounds:
   • Pupils should practice constructing sentences using words with these sounds.
   • Example sentences:
     • “The van is very fast.”
     • “Nine nice men sang a song.”
     • “The king wore a long, strong cape.”

Evaluation:

1. The word with the /v/ sound is:
   a) van
   b) name
   c) ring
   d) sing
2. The sound /n/ is found in:
   a) very
   b) nine
   c) sing
   d) vest
3. Which of these words has the /ŋ/ sound?
   a) Net
   b) Voice
   c) Long
   d) Van
4. The /v/ sound is pronounced by:
   a) Placing the tongue against the teeth ridge
   b) Vibrating the vocal cords with the lower lip against the upper teeth
   c) Closing the lips
   d) Raising the tongue to the soft palate
5. The word “king” has the consonant sound:
   a) /v/
   b) /n/
   c) /ŋ/
   d) /m/
6. A word that contrasts with “van” using the /ŋ/ sound is:
   a) Net
   b) Sing
   c) Ring
   d) Name
7. Which word has the /n/ sound?
   a) Vest
   b) Nose
   c) Voice
   d) Long
8. The /ŋ/ sound is commonly found at the:
   a) Beginning of words
   b) End of words
   c) Middle of words
   d) In the suffix “-ing”
9. Which sound is produced with the vocal cords vibrating and the teeth touching the lip?
   a) /v/
   b) /n/
   c) /ŋ/
   d) /m/
10. The sound in “nine” is:
    a) /v/
    b) /n/
    c) /ŋ/
    d) /m/
11. The word “song” contains the consonant sound:
    a) /v/
    b) /n/
    c) /ŋ/
    d) /m/
12. Which of these words does not have the /v/ sound?
    a) Very
    b) Van
    c) Net
    d) Vest
13. The /n/ sound is a:
    a) Voiced consonant
    b) Voiceless consonant
    c) Rising sound
    d) Falling sound
14. A word that contrasts with “vest” using the /ŋ/ sound is:
    a) Net
    b) Sing
    c) Name
    d) Van
15. The sound in “voice” is:
    a) /v/
    b) /n/
    c) /ŋ/
    d) /m/

Class Activity Discussion:

1. What is the /v/ sound?
   • The /v/ sound is a voiced consonant where the upper teeth lightly touch the lower lip, creating vibration.
2. Can you give examples of words with the /n/ sound?
   • Examples include “no,” “nine,” and “name.”
3. What is the /ŋ/ sound?
   • The /ŋ/ sound is a voiced nasal consonant found at the end of words like “sing” and “ring.”
4. How do you write words with the /v/ sound?
   • Words with the /v/ sound include “van,” “vest,” and “visit.”
5. How can you practice distinguishing /v/, /n/, and /ŋ/ sounds?
   • By listening to and repeating words that contain these sounds.
6. Give a sentence using a word with the /n/ sound.
   • “Nine nice men sang a song.”
7. Why is it important to know the difference between /v/, /n/, and /ŋ/?
   • It helps in pronouncing words correctly and understanding their meanings.
8. What happens to your mouth when you say /ŋ/?
   • The back of the tongue touches the soft palate, and air passes through the nose.
9. What is the key difference between the /v/ and /n/ sounds?
   • The /v/ sound involves the vibration of the vocal cords with the lower lip against the upper teeth, while the /n/ sound involves the tongue against the teeth ridge and air passing through the nose.
10. Can you think of a pair of words that contrast /v/ and /ŋ/?
    • “Van” and “sing” contrast /v/ and /ŋ/.
11. Which sound is more common in English words, /n/ or /ŋ/?
    • The /n/ sound is more common.
12. How does understanding these sounds help with reading and writing?
    • It improves spelling, pronunciation, and comprehension of words.
13. Which sound is produced by touching the tongue to the upper teeth ridge?
    • The /n/ sound.
14. Can you give an example of a word with the /ŋ/ sound at the end?
    • “Ring” is a word with the /ŋ/ sound at the end.
15. Why is it important to practice these sounds regularly?
    • Regular practice ensures accurate pronunciation and fluency in speech.

Presentation:

Step 1: The teacher revises the previous topic, reviewing vowel sounds and their pronunciation.

Step 2: The teacher introduces the new topic on consonant sounds, explaining how /v/, /n/, and /ŋ/ are produced and pronounced.

Step 3: The teacher engages pupils in identifying these sounds in different words, encouraging them to construct sentences using these sounds.

Teacher’s Activities:

• Demonstrate how to pronounce the consonant sounds /v/, /n/, and /ŋ/ using visual and audio aids.
• Provide words and examples to illustrate each sound.
• Guide pupils in writing and pronouncing words containing these sounds.
• Encourage pupils to use the words in sentences.

Learners’ Activities:

• Listen to the sounds and repeat after the teacher.
• Write words with the /v/, /n/, and /ŋ/ sounds.
• Construct sentences using the words provided.

Assessment:

• Pupils will be assessed on their ability to identify, pronounce, and use the consonant sounds /v/, /n/, and /ŋ/ correctly in sentences.

Ten Evaluation Questions:

1. What is the /v/ sound?
2. How do you pronounce the /n/ sound?
3. Give an example of a word with the /ŋ/ sound.
4. What is the difference between /v/ and /n/ sounds?
5. Write a word with the /n/ sound.
6. How do you pronounce the /ŋ/ sound?
7. Write a sentence using a word with the /v/ sound.
8. Identify the /v/ sound in this word: “voice.”
9. Which sound is found at the end of the word “sing”?
10. How does practicing these sounds help in communication?

Conclusion:

• The teacher goes around to mark pupils’ work, providing feedback on their pronunciation and use of consonant sounds /v/, /n/, and /ŋ/.