Short Vowel Sounds and Speech Work: Intonation Patterns, Stress, and Rhyme Speech Work English Grammar Primary 5 First Term Lesson Notes Week 1

Learn short vowel sounds and intonation patterns with engaging activities for Primary 5.

Subject: English Grammar
Class: Primary 5
Term: First Term
Week: 1
Age: 10 years
Topic: Short Vowel Sounds and Speech Work: Intonation Patterns, Stress, and Rhyme
Sub-topic: Phonemic Awareness and Speech Work
Duration: 1 hour

Behavioural Objectives:

• Recognize and pronounce short vowel sounds in words.
• Identify and use intonation patterns, stress, and rhyme in speech.
• Improve diction through practice with vowel sounds and speech patterns.

Keywords: Vowel sounds, Intonation, Stress, Rhyme, Diction

Set Induction:

• Begin with a fun rhyme or song that includes short vowel sounds. Ask students to listen carefully and identify the sounds.

Entry Behaviour:

• Students should already have basic knowledge of vowels and be able to pronounce simple words.

Learning Resources and Materials:

• Flashcards with short vowel words.
• Audio recordings of intonation patterns.
• Rhyming books and poems.

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge:

• Review the vowels (a, e, i, o, u) and their sounds. Relate the short vowel sounds to words students already know.

Embedded Core Skills:

• Listening skills
• Pronunciation
• Oral expression

Learning Materials:

• Flashcards
• Audio recordings
• Rhyming books

Reference Books:

• Lagos State Scheme of Work
• English Grammar Textbooks for Primary 5

Instructional Materials:

• Whiteboard and markers
• Audio player
• Handouts with vowel sound exercises

Content:

1. Definition and Meaning of Short Vowel Sounds:
   • Short vowels are sounds made by the vowels (a, e, i, o, u) in words, where the vowel sound is brief.
   • Examples:
     • a in “cat”
     • e in “bed”
     • i in “sit”
     • o in “hot”
     • u in “cup”
2. Intonation Patterns:
   • Intonation is the rise and fall in pitch while speaking.
   • Examples include:
     • Rising intonation for questions (e.g., “Are you coming?”)
     • Falling intonation for statements (e.g., “I am here.”)
3. Stress in Speech:
   • Stress is the emphasis placed on certain syllables or words.
   • Example: Emphasizing “CAN” in “I can do it.”
4. Rhyme:
   • Rhyming words end with the same sound.
   • Examples: “bat” and “hat,” “pen” and “den.”

Evaluation:

1. A word with a short vowel sound “a” is:
   a) cake
   b) bat
   c) late
   d) bite
2. The vowel sound in “hot” is:
   a) Short “o”
   b) Long “o”
   c) Short “e”
   d) Long “i”
3. Which of these words rhymes with “cup”?
   a) Cap
   b) Cat
   c) Cupcake
   d) Cut
4. An example of rising intonation is used in:
   a) “She is here.”
   b) “Are you ready?”
   c) “It’s raining.”
   d) “He left.”
5. The stress in “cannot” is on:
   a) “can”
   b) “not”
   c) “cannot”
   d) “and”
6. Which word has a short vowel sound “i”?
   a) Bike
   b) Sit
   c) Time
   d) Find
7. The pattern of rising and falling pitch is called:
   a) Stress
   b) Intonation
   c) Rhyme
   d) Accent
8. Rhyming words like “bat” and “hat” have:
   a) Different ending sounds
   b) Same beginning sounds
   c) Same ending sounds
   d) Different middle sounds
9. Short vowel sound in “pen” is:
   a) Long “e”
   b) Short “e”
   c) Long “i”
   d) Short “i”
10. Stress in the word “elephant” is on:
    a) “e”
    b) “ph”
    c) “ant”
    d) “el”
11. The vowel sound in “sit” is:
    a) Long “i”
    b) Short “i”
    c) Long “e”
    d) Short “a”
12. Which of these words does not rhyme with “dog”?
    a) Frog
    b) Log
    c) Cat
    d) Hog
13. Intonation in “Can you help me?” is typically:
    a) Falling
    b) Rising
    c) Flat
    d) Even
14. A word that has a short vowel sound “u” is:
    a) June
    b) Tube
    c) Fun
    d) Cube
15. The stress pattern in “banana” is:
    a) ba-NA-na
    b) ba-na-NA
    c) BA-na-na
    d) ba-na-na

Class Activity Discussion:

1. What are short vowel sounds?
   • Short vowel sounds are quick and brief vowel sounds in words.
2. Can you give examples of words with short vowel sounds?
   • Examples include “cat,” “bed,” “sit,” “hot,” “cup.”
3. What is intonation?
   • Intonation is how your voice rises and falls when you speak.
4. Why is stress important in speech?
   • Stress helps to emphasize important parts of words or sentences.
5. What is rhyme?
   • Rhyme is when words have the same ending sound.
6. How do intonation patterns affect meaning?
   • They can show if a sentence is a question or a statement.
7. Give an example of a rhyming word pair.
   • “Cat” and “hat.”
8. How do you identify stress in words?
   • Stress is noticed by emphasis on certain syllables.
9. What are some common short vowel sounds?
   • Short “a,” “e,” “i,” “o,” “u.”
10. How does stress change the meaning of a sentence?
    • It highlights key parts of the sentence.
11. Why is it important to practice vowel sounds?
    • It helps with correct pronunciation.
12. What is the difference between short and long vowels?
    • Short vowels are quick, while long vowels are extended.
13. How can you practice intonation patterns?
    • By listening and repeating sentences with different intonation.
14. What role does rhyme play in poems and songs?
    • Rhyme creates rhythm and makes it easier to remember.
15. How can stress help in understanding speech?
    • It makes important parts of speech stand out.

Presentation:

Step 1: The teacher revises the previous topic on vowel sounds and basic speech patterns.

Step 2: The teacher introduces the new topic, focusing on short vowel sounds, intonation patterns, stress, and rhyme.

Step 3: The teacher allows pupils to contribute examples and practices using new concepts, correcting them as needed.

Teacher’s Activities:

• Demonstrate pronunciation of short vowel sounds.
• Play audio examples of intonation patterns.
• Lead class in rhyming games and stress exercises.

Learners’ Activities:

• Identify and pronounce short vowel sounds.
• Practice using intonation in sentences.
• Participate in rhyming and stress activities.

Assessment:

• Observe students’ pronunciation and intonation.
• Review answers to evaluation questions.
• Provide feedback and additional practice as needed.

Evaluation Questions:

1. Define short vowel sounds and give two examples.
2. How does intonation affect the meaning of a sentence?
3. Explain the concept of stress in speech with an example.
4. What is the role of rhyme in poetry?
5. How can you practice improving vowel sounds?
6. Describe an example of a rising intonation pattern.
7. What are the different types of vowel sounds in English?
8. How does stress help in understanding spoken English?
9. Give examples of rhyming words.
10. Why is correct pronunciation important?

Conclusion:

• The teacher reviews each student’s work and provides feedback on their understanding of short vowel sounds, intonation patterns, stress, and rhyme.