HomePrimary 4MathematicsBasic Operations: Addition and Subtraction Mathematics Primary 4 First Term Lesson Notes Week 6

Basic Operations: Addition and Subtraction Mathematics Primary 4 First Term Lesson Notes Week 6

Mathematics Primary 4 First Term Lesson Notes Week 6

Subject: Mathematics
Class: Primary 4
Term: First Term
Week: 6
Age: 9 years
Topic: Basic Operations: Addition and Subtraction
Sub-topic: Addition and Subtraction of Whole Numbers
Duration: 1 hour

Behavioural Objectives:

  • Add and subtract whole numbers in Th H TU (Thousands, Hundreds, Tens, Units) with and without remainders.
  • Solve real-life problems involving addition and subtraction.
  • Apply basic operations to quantitative reasoning.

Keywords: Addition, Subtraction, Whole numbers, Quantitative reasoning, Th H TU.

Set Induction: Begin with a real-life scenario where addition and subtraction are necessary, such as calculating total costs in a shop or measuring materials for a project.

Entry Behaviour: Pupils should be familiar with basic addition and subtraction of smaller numbers.

Learning Resources and Materials:

  • Number charts
  • Worksheets with addition and subtraction problems
  • Real-life problem scenarios
  • Calculator (for checking)

Building Background / Connection to Prior Knowledge: Review basic addition and subtraction with smaller numbers and extend to larger numbers involving thousands.

Embedded Core Skills:

  • Numerical calculation
  • Problem-solving
  • Practical application of mathematics in real-life scenarios

Learning Materials:

  • Number charts
  • Practice worksheets
  • Scenario cards for quantitative reasoning

Reference Books:

  • Lagos State Scheme of Work

Instructional Materials:

  • Addition and subtraction worksheets
  • Example problems
  • Real-life problem cards

Content:

  1. Addition of Whole Numbers:
    • Explanation: Adding numbers in Th H TU format, e.g., 246 + 3702.
    • Example: 246 + 3702 = 3948. Show carrying over where necessary.
  2. Subtraction of Whole Numbers:
    • Explanation: Subtracting numbers in Th H TU format, e.g., 8948 – 246.
    • Example: 8948 – 246 = 8702. Show borrowing where necessary.
  3. Real-Life Problems:
    • Explanation: Apply addition and subtraction to scenarios like calculating change or measuring materials.
    • Example: A carpenter has 8948 units of wood and uses 246 units. How many units are left?
  4. Quantitative Reasoning:
    • Explanation: Use addition and subtraction skills to solve practical problems.
    • Example: A store has 3702 items. If 246 items are sold, how many items are left?

Evaluation (Fill-in-the-Blank Questions):

  1. 246 + 3702 = _____. (a) 3948 (b) 3962 (c) 3708 (d) 3946
  2. 8948 – 246 = _____. (a) 8702 (b) 8954 (c) 8698 (d) 8708
  3. If you add 538 and 402, the result is _____. (a) 930 (b) 940 (c) 950 (d) 920
  4. Subtract 789 from 2345. The answer is _____. (a) 1556 (b) 1560 (c) 1540 (d) 1550
  5. A food server has 4800 units of food and serves 2365 units. How many units are left? (a) 2435 (b) 2445 (c) 2430 (d) 2460
  6. 5678 + 4321 = _____. (a) 9999 (b) 9998 (c) 10000 (d) 10001
  7. Subtract 1589 from 6000. The result is _____. (a) 4411 (b) 4420 (c) 4410 (d) 4500
  8. 1280 + 670 = _____. (a) 1950 (b) 1955 (c) 1952 (d) 1956
  9. If a carpenter has 3456 planks and uses 1234, he has _____. (a) 2232 (b) 2242 (c) 2222 (d) 2230
  10. Subtract 789 from 2010. The result is _____. (a) 1221 (b) 1231 (c) 1219 (d) 1220
  11. Add 2345 and 567. The answer is _____. (a) 2912 (b) 2913 (c) 2911 (d) 2905
  12. 4321 – 1234 = _____. (a) 3087 (b) 3085 (c) 3090 (d) 3088
  13. If you subtract 320 from 865, you get _____. (a) 545 (b) 555 (c) 535 (d) 525
  14. Adding 420 and 389 results in _____. (a) 809 (b) 810 (c) 811 (d) 820
  15. The difference between 7534 and 2148 is _____. (a) 5386 (b) 5384 (c) 5390 (d) 5392

Class Activity Discussion (FAQs with Answers):

  1. Q: How do you add large numbers like 246 and 3702?
    A: Align the numbers by place value and add each column, carrying over if needed.
  2. Q: What should you do if you need to subtract a larger number from a smaller one?
    A: Borrow from the next column to subtract correctly.
  3. Q: How can you use addition and subtraction in daily life?
    A: For tasks like budgeting, shopping, and measuring materials.
  4. Q: What is the importance of carrying over in addition?
    A: Carrying over ensures correct addition when the sum exceeds ten.
  5. Q: How do you check your subtraction results?
    A: Add the result to the subtracted number to see if you get the original number.
  6. Q: Why is it important to practice quantitative reasoning?
    A: It helps solve practical problems and make informed decisions.
  7. Q: How can subtraction be useful in professions like banking or food service?
    A: For calculating change or managing inventory.
  8. Q: What strategies can help with solving large subtraction problems?
    A: Break the problem into smaller parts or use a number line.
  9. Q: How do you handle subtraction with borrowing?
    A: Borrow from the next higher place value to make the subtraction possible.
  10. Q: What are some real-life examples of using addition?
    A: Adding up expenses, calculating total scores, or summing measurements.

Presentation:

  1. Step 1: Review basic addition and subtraction concepts with smaller numbers.
  2. Step 2: Introduce addition and subtraction of larger numbers, emphasizing carrying over and borrowing.
  3. Step 3: Practice with real-life scenarios and quantitative reasoning problems. Allow pupils to share their solutions and discuss methods.

Teacher’s Activities:

  • Demonstrate addition and subtraction of whole numbers.
  • Provide real-life examples and practice problems.
  • Facilitate group discussions and problem-solving exercises.

Basic Operations: Addition and Subtraction of Whole Numbers

Grade 4

Week 6

Topic: Basic Operations

1. Addition of Whole Numbers

  • Adding Whole Numbers:
    • With Remainder:
      • Example: 245 + 378
      • Step-by-Step:
        • Align the numbers by place value.
        • Add each column from right to left.
        • Write down the sum and carry over if needed.
      • Solution:
        • 245
        • +378
        • 623
    • Without Remainder:
      • Example: 1234 + 567
      • Solution:
        • 1234
        • +567
        • 1801
  • Practice Exercise:
    • Add these numbers: 548 + 769 and 2345 + 678.

2. Subtraction of Whole Numbers

  • Subtracting Whole Numbers:
    • With Remainder:
      • Example: 892 – 456
      • Step-by-Step:
        • Align the numbers by place value.
        • Subtract each column from right to left.
        • Borrow from the next column if needed.
      • Solution:
        • 892
        • -456
        • 436
    • Without Remainder:
      • Example: 1234 – 678
      • Solution:
        • 1234
        • -678
        • 556
  • Practice Exercise:
    • Subtract these numbers: 743 – 287 and 1500 – 420.

3. Solving Real-Life Problems Involving Addition and Subtraction

  • Example Problem 1:
    • A cashier has 5480 naira and needs to pay 2670 naira for supplies. How much money does the cashier have left?
      • Solution:
        • 5480 – 2670 = 2810 naira
  • Example Problem 2:
    • A carpenter needs 3702 cm of wood. If he already has 246 cm, how much more wood does he need?
      • Solution:
        • 3702 – 246 = 3456 cm
  • Practice Exercise:
    • A bank teller has 8948 naira and gives out 3500 naira. How much does the teller have left?
      • Solution:
        • 8948 – 3500 = 5448 naira

4. Solving Quantitative Aptitude Problems

  • Example Problem:
    • If 1234 people attended a concert, and 678 people left, how many people are still at the concert?
      • Solution:
        • 1234 – 678 = 556
  • Practice Exercise:
    • Solve: 246 + 3702 and 8948 – 3500.

Practice Questions

  1. Add the numbers: 345 + 678
    • a) 1023
    • b) 1033
    • c) 1022
  2. Subtract the numbers: 5000 – 1234
    • a) 3766
    • b) 3776
    • c) 3760
  3. Solve: 875 + 492
    • a) 1367
    • b) 1365
    • c) 1372
  4. If you have 1500 naira and spend 425 naira, how much do you have left?
    • a) 1075
    • b) 1070
    • c) 1100
  5. Subtract: 789 – 456
    • a) 343
    • b) 344
    • c) 345

Learners’ Activities:

  • Solve addition and subtraction problems.
  • Apply operations to real-life scenarios.
  • Participate in class discussions and problem-solving exercises.

Assessment:

  • Monitor pupils’ ability to add and subtract whole numbers correctly.
  • Evaluate understanding through worksheets and practical problems.

Evaluation Questions:

  1. What is 246 + 3702? (a) 3948 (b) 3962 (c) 3708 (d) 3946
  2. What is the result of 8948 – 246? (a) 8702 (b) 8954 (c) 8698 (d) 8708
  3. How do you solve 5678 + 4321? (a) 9999 (b) 9998 (c) 10000 (d) 10001
  4. Subtract 789 from 2010. What is the answer? (a) 1221 (b) 1231 (c) 1219 (d) 1220
  5. What is 1280 + 670? (a) 1950 (b) 1955 (c) 1952 (d) 1956
  6. How do you find the result of 4321 – 1234? (a) 3087 (b) 3085 (c) 3090 (d) 3088
  7. If you subtract 320 from 865, what do you get? (a) 545 (b) 555 (c) 535 (d) 525
  8. Add 420 and 389. The result is? (a) 809 (b) 810 (c) 811 (d) 820
  9. What is the difference between 7534 and 2148? (a) 5386 (b) 5384 (c) 5390 (d) 5392
  10. If you solve 3456 – 1234, what do you get? (a) 2232 (b) 2242 (c) 2222
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