ANIMAL NUTRITION (MALNUTRITION)
Subject:
Agricultural Science
Class:
SS 3
Term:
First Term / 1st Term
Week:
Week 1
Topic:
ANIMAL NUTRITION (MALNUTRITION)
Previous Knowledge: The pupils have previous knowledge of
that was taught in their previous lesson.
Behavioural Objectives : At the end of the lesson, learners will be able to
- Say what is malnutrition in farm animals.
- Explain what is nutritional Deficiency.
- Highlight five malnutrition diseases; causes, symptoms and corrections
Instructional Materials
- Wall charts
- Online Resource
- Textbooks
- Laptop
- Crop samples
- Pictures that are related to the subject matter
- Flash cards
- www.edudelighttutors.com
Methods of Teaching
- Role modelling
- Questions and Answers
- Explanation
- Discussion
- Recitation
- Imitation
- Story Telling
- Dramatization
WEEK ONE
ANIMAL NUTRITION (MALNUTRITION)
MALNUTRITION IN FARM ANIMALS
Malnutrition is said to occur when a ration (amount of feed provided to an animal per day) does not provide all the food nutrients(carbohydrate, protein,fats and oils, vitamins, minerals, water and other feed additives) in adequate quantities.
Animal Nutrition is the process of providing or obtaining the food necessary for good health and growth of animals .Those nutrients wanting are said to be deficient which eventually results in nutritional disease.
Nutritional deficiency is therefore defined as a disease condition which emanates from inadequate nutrition. It is indicated by specific symptoms when particular nutrients are absent or unavailable in the diet.
The table below shows some nutritional disease, their causes, symptoms and how they can be corrected.
MALNUTRITION DISEASES OF ANIMALS
| MALNUTRITION DISEASE | CAUSES | SYMPTOMS | CORRECTION |
| Rickety(Osteomalacia) | Lack of Ca,Pand Vitamin D | Flexible and curve bones,soft egg shell | Add fish meal,bone meal or Oyster shell |
| Perosis or Slipped tendon. | Lack of choline,folic acid,Ca,P in diet. | Chicken lie down on their Kneel. | Add Vitamin B Co and bone meal. |
| Ketosis | Lack of sufficient energy intake by farm animals | Loss of appetite | Feed CHO to animals. |
| Milk Fever | Low blood sugar. | Loss of appetite, constipation and nervousness. | Feed Oyster Shell, bone meal and Carbohydrate. |
| Baby pig Anaemia | Low iron in blood. | Loss of appetite and nervousness. | Inject iron dextrin into the body. |
| Night Blindness | Lack of Vitamin A | Inability to see clearly in dim light. | Feed yellow maize. |
| Scurvy | Lack of vitamin C | Lesions around the connective tissue. | Feed vegetable and fruits to animals. |
| Beriberi | Lack of Vitamin B1 | Lack of appetite, fatigue and loss of weight. | Feed yeast,cereals and vegetables. |
Rickety (osteomalacia):A disease caused by lack of Vitamin D and disappearance of calcium salts which prevent the body from using Calcium.Ricket causes softing and sometimes bending of the bones.
Tendon:A tough, strong band or cord of tissue that joins a muscle to a bone or some part and transmits the force of the muscle to the part.
Scurvy: A disease caused by lack of Vitamin C in diet. It’s characterized by swollen and bleeding gums, extreme weakness and livid spots on the skin.
Tetany: A disease characterized by sudden abnormal involuntary contraction of the muscle.
Beriberi: Disease affecting the nervous system accompanied by muscular paralysis,weakness, extreme loss of weight, pain andswelling.It is caused by lack of vitamin B in diet.
Presentation :
The topic is presented step by step
Step 1: The class teacher revises the old topic
Step 2: The class teacher introduces the new topic
Step 3: The class teacher allows the pupils to give their own contributions and gives room for pupils” participation
Class Teacher and Pupils Activities. Interaction or Participation
This involves class teacher and pupils’ interaction, conversation, imitation or modeling through discussion, play method or just by recitation or asking and answering questions that are related to the topic that has just been taught.
EVALUATION
- What is malnutrition in farm animals?
- What is nutritional deficiency?
- Highlight five malnutrition diseases; causes, symptoms and corrections.
- What is animal nutrition
Conclusion :
The class teacher concludes the lesson by giving the pupils some notes on the topic that has just been taught. He goes round to mark and he does the necessary corrections.