Agriculture as a Means of Foreign Exchange Agricultural Science Primary 4 First Term Lesson Notes Week 6

Agricultural Science Primary 4 First Term Lesson Notes Week 6

Subject: Agricultural Science
Class: Primary 4
Term: First Term
Week: 6
Age: 9 years
Topic: Agriculture as a Means of Foreign Exchange
Sub-topic: Agricultural Produce for Export
Duration: 40 minutes

Behavioural Objectives

By the end of this lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Create a list of agricultural produce that can be exported.
2. Describe the importance of foreign exchange.
3. Evaluate the demerits of foreign exchange.

Keywords

• Foreign Exchange
• Export
• Agricultural Produce
• Benefits
• Demerits

Set Induction

Start with a discussion on what foreign exchange is and its role in trade. Use simple examples, like exchanging toys or snacks with friends, to illustrate the concept.

Entry Behaviour

Pupils should have a basic understanding of trade and its importance.

Learning Resources and Materials

• Chart paper
• Markers
• Pictures of agricultural produce
• Examples of foreign currency

Building Background / Connection to Prior Knowledge

Discuss the concept of trading and exchanging goods. Relate it to how countries trade goods and services, including agricultural products.

Embedded Core Skills

• Group brainstorming
• Critical thinking
• Presentation skills

Instructional Materials

• Chart paper
• Markers
• Pictures of agricultural produce
• Examples of foreign currency

Content

1. Agricultural Produce for Export
   • Cocoa: Exported to make chocolate and other products.
   • Palm Oil: Used in cooking and manufacturing.
   • Coffee: Exported for beverage production.
   • Cotton: Used in making textiles.
   • Yams: Exported as food to other countries.
2. Importance of Foreign Exchange
   • Economic Growth: Helps increase national income.
   • Improves Trade Balance: Reduces trade deficits.
   • Increases Employment: Creates job opportunities in export sectors.
   • Boosts Development: Provides funds for infrastructure and public services.
   • Strengthens Currency: Improves the value of the national currency.
3. Demerits of Foreign Exchange
   • Economic Dependence: Reliance on foreign markets can be risky.
   • Price Fluctuations: Export prices can vary, affecting earnings.
   • Market Competition: Local industries may struggle with competition.
   • Resource Depletion: Overexploitation of resources for export.
   • Economic Instability: Dependence on global market conditions.

Evaluation

1. Which of the following is an agricultural produce that can be exported?
   a) Plastic
   b) Cocoa
   c) Shoes
   d) Furniture
2. What is one benefit of foreign exchange?
   a) Decreases national income
   b) Reduces trade deficits
   c) Increases resource depletion
   d) Decreases employment
3. What is a demerit of foreign exchange?
   a) Strengthens currency
   b) Creates job opportunities
   c) Price fluctuations
   d) Boosts development
4. Which agricultural product is used in making chocolate?
   a) Coffee
   b) Cocoa
   c) Cotton
   d) Yams
5. What does foreign exchange help to improve?
   a) Trade balance
   b) Local competition
   c) Resource depletion
   d) Economic dependence
6. What is a negative effect of relying on foreign markets?
   a) Economic growth
   b) Improved trade balance
   c) Economic dependence
   d) Job creation
7. What is one use of palm oil?
   a) Beverage production
   b) Textile manufacturing
   c) Cooking
   d) Building materials
8. How can foreign exchange benefit infrastructure development?
   a) By reducing employment
   b) By providing funds
   c) By increasing resource depletion
   d) By worsening market competition
9. Which of the following products is used in textiles?
   a) Coffee
   b) Cocoa
   c) Cotton
   d) Yams
10. What can price fluctuations affect?
    a) National income
    b) Trade balance
    c) Earnings from exports
    d) Resource depletion
11. How does foreign exchange affect the national currency?
    a) Weakens it
    b) Strengthens it
    c) Depletes resources
    d) Decreases development
12. What is one disadvantage of overexploiting resources?
    a) Increased employment
    b) Improved trade balance
    c) Economic instability
    d) Economic growth
13. What is the role of yams in export?
    a) Used in textiles
    b) Used for cooking
    c) Used in making chocolate
    d) Used in beverages
14. How does foreign exchange impact job opportunities?
    a) Decreases them
    b) Increases them
    c) Has no impact
    d) Reduces them
15. What is a benefit of exporting agricultural produce?
    a) Economic dependence
    b) Resource depletion
    c) Economic growth
    d) Market competition

Class Activity Discussion

1. What are some agricultural products that can be exported?
   • Cocoa, palm oil, coffee, cotton, yams.
2. Why is foreign exchange important for a country?
   • It boosts economic growth, improves the trade balance, and provides funds for development.
3. What are some demerits of relying on foreign exchange?
   • Economic dependence, price fluctuations, and resource depletion.
4. How can foreign exchange affect employment?
   • It creates job opportunities in the export sector.
5. Name an agricultural product used in making textiles.
   • Cotton.
6. What is one negative effect of price fluctuations on exports?
   • It can affect earnings from exports.
7. How does foreign exchange benefit infrastructure development?
   • By providing funds for development projects.
8. What are the risks of economic dependence on foreign markets?
   • It can lead to instability if global market conditions change.
9. How can overexploitation of resources impact the economy?
   • It can lead to resource depletion and economic instability.
10. What is one way foreign exchange improves a country’s trade balance?
    • By increasing export earnings and reducing trade deficits.

Presentation

1. Step 1: Review the previous lesson on agriculture as a source of materials for clothing and medicine.
2. Step 2: Introduce the new topic on agriculture as a means of foreign exchange. Discuss agricultural produce for export and the concepts of foreign exchange.
3. Step 3: Facilitate brainstorming and group discussions on the benefits and demerits of foreign exchange. Have a class leader present the group’s findings.

Teacher’s Activities

• Guide brainstorming sessions and discussions.
• Provide examples and clarify concepts as needed.
• Support groups in creating their lists and charts.

Learners’ Activities

• Participate in brainstorming and group discussions.
• Create lists of exportable agricultural produce.
• Discuss the benefits and demerits of foreign exchange.

Assessment

• Monitor participation in discussions and group activities.
• Check for understanding through responses in class discussions and evaluation questions.
• Provide feedback and address any misconceptions.

Evaluation Questions

1. Name an agricultural product that can be exported.
2. What is a benefit of foreign exchange for a country?
3. What is a demerit of relying on foreign markets?
4. How does foreign exchange help with economic growth?
5. What can price fluctuations affect in exports?
6. What role does cocoa play in exports?
7. How does foreign exchange impact job opportunities?
8. Name a disadvantage of overexploiting resources.
9. What is one use of palm oil?
10. How does foreign exchange benefit infrastructure development?

Conclusion

• Review the key points about agricultural produce for export and the role of foreign exchange.
• Discuss the benefits and demerits of foreign exchange and how it impacts the economy.
• Provide feedback and ensure understanding of the topic.

Explore how agriculture supports foreign exchange, including benefits and challenges, in this Primary 4 lesson.