Subject : Agricultural Science

Topic : FACTORS OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION

Class : Basic 8  / JSS 1

Term : Third Term

Week : Week 8

Instructional Materials :

• Pictures of weeds
• samples of weeds

Reference Materials

• Scheme of Work
• Online Information
• Textbooks
• Workbooks
• 9 Year Basic Education Curriculum

Previous Knowledge :

The pupils have previous knowledge of weeds in their previous lessons

DESCRIPTION OF THE DAMAGE DONE BY PESTS

Behavioural Objectives :  At the end of the lesson, the pupils should be able to

• Define factors of production
• define factors of agricultural production
• list factors of agricultural production
• explain each factor of agricultural production
• say the reward for each factor of production

 FACTORS OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION

CONTENT

1. Meaning of Production
2. Meaning of Factors of Production
3. Factors of Production
4. Meaning and Characteristics of Land
5. Importance of Land in Agriculture
6. Meaning of Water as a Factor of Production
7. Importance of Water in Agricultural production
8. Sources of Water for Agricultural Purposes

Meaning of Production

Production is the process of manufacturing goods and providing services. OR

Production refers to all economic activities which result in the creation of goods and services.

Meaning of Factors of Production

Factors of production are those resources needed to achieve production. OR

For goods and services to be created during the process of production, certain factors have to come together. These resources or factors that are combined for goods and services to be produced are known as factors of production.

The Factors of Production

The factors of production are:

1. Land
2. Labour
3. Capital (money) and
4. Management or Entrepreneur.

The Meaning of Land

Land refers to where productive activities such as growing of crops, rearing of animals and establishment of farm buildings, etc are carried out. Land also includes soil, minerals, water and vegetation. Hence, it is a primary factor of production.

Land is a free gift of nature and is fixed in supply.

Characteristics of Land

1. It is geographically immobile.
2. It is a natural gift.
3. It’s value is determined by its location.
4. It can be used as collateral for loan.
5. It is a fixed asset and limited in supply.
6. Land is durable and not perishable.
7. Land can appreciate or depreciate in value.
8. The reward for land is rent.

The Importance of Land in Agriculture

1. Land is used for the cultivation of crops. E.g rice, maize, yam, etc.
2. It is used for rearing animals.
3. It is used for forest development.
4. It is used for fish pond development.
5. It is used for wildlife conservation.
6. It is used for the cultivation of cash crops e.g. cocoa, coffee, rubber, etc.
7. Land is used as collateral for securing loan from banks.

Meaning of Water as a Factor of Production

Water is part of land as a free gift of nature used in production. This is an indispensable resource in agricultural production.

Importance of Water in Agricultural production

1. It is used for mixing cement for the construction of farm buildings.
2. It is used for drinking by man and farm animals.
3. It is used for watering seedlings.
4. Water is used for processing some farm produce.
5. It is used for washing farm tools, equipment, machinery, etc.
6. It is used for rearing fish.
7. It makes nutrients available to plants to grow on the field.

Sources of Water for Agricultural Purposes

1. Borehole
2. Stream
3. Lake
4. River
5. Spring
6. Dam

Presentation

The topic is presented step by step

Step 1:

The class teacher revises the previous topics

Step 2.

He introduces the new topic

Step 3:

The class teacher allows the pupils to give their own examples and he corrects them when the needs arise

EVALUATION

1. What is the meaning of Production
2. Explain the meaning of Factors of Production
3. Define factors of Production
4. Define production.
5. List the factors of production.
6. State four importance of land in agriculture.
7. Mention sources of water for agricultural use.
8. Meaning and Characteristics of Land
9. Importance of Land in Agriculture
10. Meaning of Water as a Factor of Production
11. Importance of Water in Agricultural production
12. Sources of Water for Agricultural Purposes
13. Define factors of production
14. define factors of agricultural production
15. list factors of agricultural production
16. explain each factor of agricultural production
17. say the reward for each factor of production

Conclusion :

The class teacher wraps up or conclude the lesson by giving out short note to summarize the topic that he or she has just taught.

The class teacher also goes round to make sure that the notes are well copied or well written by the pupils.

He or she does the necessary corrections when and where  the needs arise.

Assignment :

Prepare for the next lesson by reading about

 THE FACTORS OF PRODUCTION: LABOUR