CALCULATIONS OF GRAVITATIONAL FORCE
Class :
JSS 1 / Basic 7
Subject :
Basic Science and Technology
Topic :
CALCULATIONS OF GRAVITATIONAL FORCE
Term : Third Term
Week : Week 4
Instructional Materials :
- pictures showing falling objects to indicate the force of gravity
Reference Materials
- Scheme of Work
- Online Information
- Textbooks
- Workbooks
- 9 Year Basic Education Curriculum
Previous Knowledge :
The pupils have previous knowledge of
which was the topic that was taught during the last lesson
Behavioural Objectives : By the end of the lesson, the learners should be able to
- say the general effects of force
- calculate the unit of force
- Explain balanced and unbalanced forces.
- Distinguish between contact force and force of gravity.
- Explain the magnetic force.
WEEK FOUR
CALCULATION OF GRAVITATIONAL FORCES
CALCULATION OF WORK DONE AGAINST GRAVITY
Suppose you lift an object of mass 1kg from the ground to a height of 1m, the work done in lifting the abject is calculated by using the formula Mgh
Mgh = 1 x 1 x 9.8 joules (g = 9.8m 152) joule is the unit of work.
BALANCED AND UNBALANCED FORCES
When an object is stationary, the forces acting on it are balanced forces. The sum of such forces acting on the body is zero and they act in opposite direction.
When an object is in motion (moving), the forces acting on it are on balanced. The sum of such forces is not zero. Such forces are either acting in different direction or the same direction but are not equal in value. Unbalance forces cause a body to accelerate.
GENERAL EFFECT OF A FORCE
1. A force causes motion of an object.
2. A force causes moving object to come to rest (stop)
3. A force changes the speed of a body in motion.
4. A force causes changes in the direction of motion.
UNIT OF FORCE
The S.I unit of force is the Newton, N. The force acting on an accelerating body of mass, m, is given by, F = ma
Force acts in a specific direction. The direction of the action of a force is usually indicated by a arrow, or depending on the direction.
EVALUATION
1. Explain balanced and unbalanced forces.
2. State the S.I unit of force.
FRICTIONAL FORCE
Frictional force is the force that act between the surfaces of solid objects and tends to oppose their motion over each other.
ADVANTAGES OF FRICTION/USES
1. It helps in walking.
2. It helps in carrying objects.
3. It helps in grinding.
4. It makes nails stay on the wall.
5. Car brakes work by friction.
DISADVANTAGES OF FRICTION
1. It causes wear and tear of machine parts.
2. It causes loss of energy.
3. It produces unpleasant noise.
4. It makes machine hot and inefficient.
METHODS OF REDUCING FRICTION
1. By lubricating surfaces with oil or grease.
2. Use of the ball bearing.
Presentation
The topic is presented step by step
Step 1:
The class teacher revises the previous topics
Step 2.
He introduces the new topic
Step 3:
The class teacher allows the pupils to give their own examples and he corrects them when the needs arise
EVALUATION
1. Explain balanced and unbalanced forces.
2. State the S.I unit of force.
READING ASSIGNMENT
- Precious seed BASIC SCIENCE FOR JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS BOOK 1 page 157-159
- Nigerian Basic Science Project pg 125-129
GENERAL EVALUATION
1. Explain balanced and unbalanced forces.
2. State the S.I unit of force.
3. Define force b. State the two types of force.
4. State three advantages and three disadvantages of friction.
WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT
1. One of the following force is non-contact force A. electric force B. push C. tension
D. none.
2. Which of the following forces requires contact for its action A. gravitational force B. frictional force C. magnetic forces D. all.
3. The sum of unbalanced forces is A. zero B. greater than zero C. less than zero D. 1.
4. All of the following are correct except one A. forces causes motion B. forces cause change in the direction of motion C. forces cause weightlessness D. none of the above.
5. The S.I unit of force is A. Kg B. N/m3 C. N D. Nm.
THEORY
1 (a) Define force (b) State the two types of force.
2. State three advantages and three disadvantages of friction.
Conclusion :
The class teacher wraps up or conclude the lesson by giving out short note to summarize the topic that he or she has just taught.
The class teacher also goes round to make sure that the notes are well copied or well written by the pupils.
He or she does the necessary corrections when and where the needs arise.
Assignment :
Prepare for the next lesson by reading about
MEANING OF SPACE TRAVEL