Subject : Mathematics

Class : Basic 6 / Primary  6  /Grade 6

Term : Third Term / 3rd Term

Week : Week 8

Topic : Everyday Statistics Range, Histogram, Pictographs and Pie Chart

Behavioural Objectives :  At the end of the lesson, the pupils should be able to

• Explain the meaning of histogram, bar chart , and pie chart
• Solve simple sums on histogram, bar chart , and pie chart

Previous Knowledge : Pupils have previous knowledge of    Elementary Everyday Statistics Mean, Median and Mode  that was taught in the previous lesson

Instructional Materials :

• Pictures
• Wall Posters
• Related Online Videos
• Role Playing

Reference Materials

• Scheme of Work
• Online Information
• Textbooks
• Workbooks
• 9 Year Basic Education Curriculum

Content :

Everyday Statistics Range, Histogram, Pictographs and Pie Chart

Bar graph – Vertical

This can be also represented using a horizontal bar graph as follows:

Bar Graph – Horizontal

Example 2: A cosmetic company manufactures 4 different shades of lipstick. The sale for 6 months is shown in the table. Represent it using bar charts.

Month Sales (in units)

Shade 1 Shade 2 Shade 3 Shade 4

January 4500 1600 4400 3245

February 2870 5645 5675 6754

March 3985 8900 9768 7786

April 6855 8976 9008 8965

May 3200 5678 5643 7865

June 3456 4555 2233 6547Swipe left

Solution: The graph given below depicts the following data

Bar Graph

Example 3: The variation of temperature in a region during a year is given as follows. Depict it through graph (bar).

Month Temperature

January -6°C

February -3.5°C

March -2.7°C

April 4°C

May 6°C

June 12°C

July 15°C

August 8°C

September 7.9°C

October 6.4°C

November 3.1°C

December -2.5°C<

Solution: As the temperature in the given table has negative values, it is more convenient to represent such data through a horizontal bar graph.

Bar Graph Example

Draw a circle using a pair of compasses

Bar graphs are used to match things between different groups or to trace changes over time. Yet, when trying to estimate change over time, bar graphs are most suitable when the changes are bigger.

Bar charts possess a discrete domain of divisions and are normally scaled so that all the data can fit on the graph. When there is no regular order of the divisions being matched, bars on the chart may be organised in any order. Bar charts organised from the highest to the lowest number are called Pareto charts.

Bar Graph Question

Question: A school conducted a survey to know the favourite sports of the students. The table below shows the results of this survey.

Name of the Sport Total Number of Students

Cricket. 45

Football. 53

Basketball 99

Volleyball 44

Chess 66

Table Tennis 22

Badminton 37

From this data,.

1. Draw a graph representing the sports and the total number of students.

2. Calculate the range of the graph.

3. Which sport is the most preferred one?

4. Which two sports are almost equally preferred?

5. List the sports in ascending order.

PIE CHART

Constructing Circle Graphs or Pie Charts

A pie chart (also called a Pie Graph or Circle Graph) makes use of sectors in a circle. The angle of a sector is proportional to the frequency of the data.

The formula to determine the angle of a sector in a circle graph is:

circle graph pie chart formula

Study the following steps of constructing a circle graph or pie chart:

Step 1: Calculate the angle of each sector, using the formula

Step 2: Draw a circle using a pair of compasses

Step 3: Use a protractor to draw the angle for each sector.

Step 4: Label the circle graph and all its sectors.

Example:

In a school, there are 750 students in Year1, 420 students in Year 2 and 630 students in Year 3. Draw a circle graph to represent the numbers of students in these groups.

Solution:

Total number of students = 750 + 420 + 630 = 1,800.

Draw the circle, measure in each sector. Label each sector and the pie chart.

pie chart

Example:

The following pie chart shows a survey of the numbers of cars, buses and motorcycles that passes a particular junction. There were 150 buses in the survey.

a) What fraction of the vehicles were motorcycles?

b) What percentage of vehicles passing by the junction were cars?

c) Calculate the total number of vehicles in the survey.

d) How many cars were in the survey?

Solution:

a) Fraction of motorcycles

It

Presentation

The topic is presented step by step

Step 1:

The class teacher revises the previous topics

Step 2.

He introduces the new topic

Step 3:

The class teacher allows the pupils to give their own examples and he corrects them when the needs arise

Evaluation :

Assignment :

Prepare for the next lesson by reading about

Types of Angles and Shapes