Understanding Division of Whole Numbers Mathematics Primary 4 First Term Lesson Notes Week 9

Mathematics Primary 4 First Term Lesson Notes Week 9

Subject: Mathematics
Class: Primary 4
Term: First Term
Week: 9
Age: 9 years
Topic: Division of Whole Numbers
Sub-topic: Division of 2-Digit and 3-Digit Numbers
Duration: 1 hour

Behavioural Objectives:

• Divide 2-digit and 3-digit numbers by numbers up to 9 with or without remainder.
• Divide numbers that are multiples of 10 up to 50.
• Solve real-life sharing problems using division.
• Apply division in quantitative reasoning problems.

Keywords: Division, Remainder, Multiples of 10, Quantitative reasoning, Sharing problems.

Set Induction: Begin with a discussion on everyday scenarios where division is used, such as sharing snacks or dividing a class into groups.

Entry Behaviour: Pupils should be familiar with basic multiplication facts and simple division concepts.

Learning Resources and Materials:

• Division worksheets
• Real-life problem cards
• Counters or manipulatives
• Whiteboard and markers

Building Background / Connection to Prior Knowledge: Review basic multiplication and division facts to prepare for dividing larger numbers and applying division in practical contexts.

Embedded Core Skills:

• Numerical calculation
• Problem-solving
• Application of division in real-life scenarios

Learning Materials:

• Division worksheets with various problems
• Manipulatives for visualizing division
• Examples of real-life division problems

Reference Books:

• Lagos State Scheme of Work

Instructional Materials:

• Division problem worksheets
• Counters or manipulatives
• Whiteboard and markers

Content:

1. Dividing 2-Digit and 3-Digit Numbers:
   • Explanation: Divide numbers by single-digit divisors with and without remainders.
   • Example: 48 ÷ 6 = 8 (no remainder), 123 ÷ 7 = 17 with remainder 4.
2. Dividing Numbers That Are Multiples of 10:
   • Explanation: Divide numbers that are multiples of 10 (e.g., 30, 40, 50) to understand patterns in division.
   • Example: 40 ÷ 5 = 8, 90 ÷ 9 = 10.
3. Solving Real-Life Sharing Problems:
   • Explanation: Apply division to divide items or resources equally.
   • Example: If 36 candies are shared among 6 friends, each friend gets 36 ÷ 6 = 6 candies.
4. Quantitative Reasoning Problems:
   • Explanation: Use division to solve problems involving ratios and proportions.
   • Example: If a recipe needs 3 eggs for 6 servings, how many eggs are needed for 15 servings? (Divide 15 by 6, then multiply the result by 3).

Evaluation:

1. 48 ÷ 6 = _____. (a) 8 (b) 7 (c) 9 (d) 6
2. 123 ÷ 7 = _____. (a) 17 (b) 16 (c) 18 (d) 15
3. 40 ÷ 5 = _____. (a) 8 (b) 7 (c) 9 (d) 6
4. 90 ÷ 9 = _____. (a) 10 (b) 11 (c) 12 (d) 9
5. If 36 apples are shared among 6 people, each person gets _____. (a) 6 (b) 7 (c) 5 (d) 8
6. 81 ÷ 9 = _____. (a) 9 (b) 10 (c) 8 (d) 11
7. How many groups of 4 can be made from 32 items? (a) 8 (b) 9 (c) 7 (d) 10
8. 50 ÷ 10 = _____. (a) 5 (b) 6 (c) 4 (d) 7
9. Divide 72 by 8. The result is _____. (a) 9 (b) 10 (c) 8 (d) 11
10. 56 ÷ 7 = _____. (a) 8 (b) 9 (c) 7 (d) 10
11. If 45 candies are divided equally among 9 friends, each friend gets _____. (a) 5 (b) 6 (c) 7 (d) 8
12. 96 ÷ 12 = _____. (a) 8 (b) 9 (c) 7 (d) 10
13. 63 ÷ 7 = _____. (a) 9 (b) 8 (c) 10 (d) 11
14. How many 4s are in 32? (a) 8 (b) 7 (c) 9 (d) 6
15. 24 ÷ 6 = _____. (a) 4 (b) 5 (c) 6 (d) 3

Class Activity Discussion:

1. Q: How do you divide a number with a remainder?
   A: Divide as usual and note the remainder after completing the division.
2. Q: Why is division important in daily life?
   A: It helps with sharing items, dividing tasks, and understanding proportions.
3. Q: What is the difference between division with and without a remainder?
   A: Division without a remainder results in a whole number, while division with a remainder has a leftover amount.
4. Q: How can you use division to solve real-life problems?
   A: For example, dividing food among people or calculating equal shares of resources.
5. Q: What should you do if you can’t divide evenly?
   A: Determine the quotient and the remainder to express the result accurately.
6. Q: How do you check your division work?
   A: Multiply the quotient by the divisor and add the remainder to check if it matches the original number.
7. Q: How can manipulatives help with understanding division?
   A: They provide a visual representation of how items are divided into groups.
8. Q: What are some common mistakes in division?
   A: Misplacing digits, incorrect calculations, and forgetting the remainder.
9. Q: How can division help in a classroom setting?
   A: For dividing students into groups, sharing classroom supplies, or distributing tasks.
10. Q: How does division relate to multiplication?
    A: Division is the inverse of multiplication. Understanding one helps with the other.

Presentation:

1. Step 1: Review basic division facts and simple division problems.
2. Step 2: Introduce and demonstrate dividing 2-digit and 3-digit numbers, including those with remainders.
3. Step 3: Practice solving real-life problems and quantitative reasoning exercises using division.

Teacher’s Activities:

• Explain and demonstrate division methods.
• Provide practice problems and facilitate discussions.
• Assist pupils with real-life division problems.

Topic: Division

1. What is Division?

Definition:

• Division is splitting a number into equal parts. It tells you how many times one number fits into another.

Example:

• Dividing 12 by 3 means finding how many times 3 fits into 12, which is 4 times. (12 ÷ 3 = 4)

2. Dividing 2- and 3-Digit Numbers by Numbers Up to 9

Steps for Division:

1. Dividing 2-Digit Numbers:
   • Example: Divide 56 by 8.
     • Steps:
       • How many times does 8 fit into 56?
       • 8 fits into 56 a total of 7 times.
       • Solution: 56 ÷ 8 = 7
2. Dividing 3-Digit Numbers:
   • Example: Divide 234 by 6.
     • Steps:
       • How many times does 6 fit into 234?
       • 6 fits into 23 three times (6 × 3 = 18). The remainder is 5. Then bring down the next digit (4), making 54.
       • 6 fits into 54 nine times (6 × 9 = 54).
       • Solution: 234 ÷ 6 = 39

Practice Problems:

• Divide 84 by 7.
• Divide 168 by 4.

3. Dividing Numbers with Multiples of 10 Up to 50

Steps:

1. Example: Divide 40 by 10.
   • Steps:
     • How many times does 10 fit into 40?
     • Solution: 40 ÷ 10 = 4
2. Example: Divide 30 by 5.
   • Steps:
     • How many times does 5 fit into 30?
     • Solution: 30 ÷ 5 = 6

Practice Problems:

• Divide 50 by 5.
• Divide 90 by 9.

4. Solving Sharing Problems in Real-Life Situations

Example 1:

• Problem: You have 36 candies and want to share them equally among 9 friends. How many candies does each friend get?
  • Solution: 36 ÷ 9 = 4 candies per friend.

Example 2:

• Problem: There are 56 books and 8 shelves. If you want to place an equal number of books on each shelf, how many books will be on each shelf?
  • Solution: 56 ÷ 8 = 7 books per shelf.

Practice Problem:

• If 45 pencils are shared equally among 5 students, how many pencils does each student get?

5. Importance of Division

• Arts Projects: Division helps in evenly distributing materials or creating sections.
• Sharing Items: Helps in fair distribution of items among people.
• Choreography: Division is used to split dance moves or routines among performers.

Summary:

• Division splits a number into equal parts.
• Practice: Helps in daily tasks and understanding how to share things fairly.

Practice Questions:

1. Divide: 72 ÷ 9
   • a) 8
   • b) 9
   • c) 10
2. Divide 96 by 12.
   • a) 8
   • b) 7
   • c) 6
3. If you have 81 marbles and 9 friends, how many marbles does each friend get?
   • a) 9
   • b) 10
   • c) 8
4. Share 40 cookies among 8 people. How many cookies does each person get?
   • a) 5
   • b) 6
   • c) 4

Learners’ Activities:

• Solve division problems using different methods.
• Apply division to real-life scenarios and share results.
• Participate in group discussions and problem-solving exercises.

Assessment:

• Evaluate pupils’ ability to accurately divide numbers and solve real-life division problems.
• Check understanding through practice problems and discussions.

Evaluation Questions:

1. What is 48 ÷ 6? (a) 8 (b) 7 (c) 9 (d) 6
2. How do you divide 123 by 7? (a) 17 (b) 16 (c) 18 (d) 15
3. What is 40 ÷ 5? (a) 8 (b) 7 (c) 9 (d) 6
4. 90 ÷ 9 = _____. (a) 10 (b) 11 (c) 12 (d) 9
5. If 36 apples are shared among 6 people, each person gets _____. (a) 6 (b) 7 (c) 5 (d) 8
6. What is 81 ÷ 9? (a) 9 (b) 10 (c) 8 (d) 11
7. How many groups of 4 can be made from 32 items? (a) 8 (b) 9 (c) 7 (d) 10
8. 50 ÷ 10 = _____. (a) 5 (b) 6 (c) 4 (d) 7
9. Divide 72 by 8. What is the result? (a) 9 (b) 10 (c) 8 (d) 11
10. What is 56 ÷ 7? (a) 8 (b) 9 (c) 7 (d) 10
11. If 45 candies are divided equally among 9 friends, each friend gets _____. (a) 5 (b) 6 (c) 7 (d) 8
12. How do you solve 96 ÷ 12? (a) 8 (b) 9 (c) 7 (d) 10
13. 63 ÷ 7 = _____. (a) 9 (b) 8 (c) 10 (d) 11
14. How many 4s are in 32? (a) 8 (b) 7 (c) 9 (d) 6
15. 24 ÷ 6 = _____. (a) 4 (b) 5 (c) 6 (d) 3

Conclusion: The teacher will review each pupil’s work, provide feedback, and ensure understanding of division concepts and their applications in real-life scenarios

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