Lines Angles and Bearing Mathematics Primary 5 Third Term Lesson Notes Week 2
Subject: Mathematics
Class: Primary 5
Term: Third Term
Week: 2
Topic: Lines, Bearing, and Angles
Sub-topic: Introduction to Lines and Angles
Duration: 40 minutes
Behavioural Objectives:
By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:
- Identify straight lines, curves, and angles.
- Differentiate between acute and obtuse angles.
- Recognize north, south, east, and west directions.
Key Words:
- Straight line, curve, angle, north, south, east, west, acute angle, obtuse angle.
Entry Behaviour:
Pupils are familiar with basic shapes like circles, triangles, and squares.
Learning Resources and Materials:
- Ruler
- Protractor
- Compass
- Directional signs (N, S, E, W)
- Drawing paper
- Pencils
- Lagos State Scheme of Work
Building Background / Connection to Prior Knowledge:
Pupils already understand basic shapes and how to draw lines and circles.
Embedded Core Skills:
- Critical thinking
- Collaboration
- Communication
Learning Materials:
- Chalkboard/Whiteboard
- Markers or chalk
- Chart paper
- Flashcards
Reference Books:
- Lagos State Scheme of Work
- Mathematics textbooks
Instructional Materials:
- Flashcards with pictures of lines and angles
- Posters of directions (N, S, E, W)
Content:
- Review previous topic of basic shapes.
- Introduction to straight lines and curves.
- Discuss angles: acute and obtuse.
- Identify directions: north, south, east, and west.
Lines
- Straight Line: It is a straight path that goes on forever in both directions. For example, the edge of a ruler is like a straight line.
- Ray: It starts at one point and goes on forever in one direction. Imagine a flashlight beam that starts at the light and continues out.
- Line Segment: It is a part of a line that has two endpoints. For example, the length of your pencil is a line segment.
- Parallel Lines: These are lines that never meet. They stay the same distance apart. 🛣️ For example, the two rails of a train track.
- Perpendicular Lines: These are lines that cross at a right angle (90 degrees). For example, a plus sign (+) or the corner of a paper.
Bearing
- Bearing: It is the direction from one place to another, measured in degrees from the north direction.
- How to Read Bearing: Always measure from the north, going clockwise. For example, if a place is east, its bearing is 90°.
- Example: If you are standing at point A and want to find the bearing to point B, you first face north. Then, you turn clockwise towards point B. Measure the angle you turned in degrees.
Angles
- Angle: It is the space between two lines that meet at a point. 🟰
- Acute Angle: It is less than 90 degrees. Like the angle of a slice of pizza. 🍕
- Right Angle: It is exactly 90 degrees. Like the corner of a square.
- Obtuse Angle: It is more than 90 degrees but less than 180 degrees. Like the angle of a door when it’s slightly open.
- Straight Angle: It is exactly 180 degrees. It looks like a straight line.
- Reflex Angle: It is more than 180 degrees but less than 360 degrees. Like the angle of a door opened very wide.
Class Activity Discussion :
- What is a line?
- A line is a straight path that goes on forever in both directions.
- What is a ray?
- A ray starts at one point and goes on forever in one direction.
- What is a line segment?
- A line segment is a part of a line that has two endpoints.
- What are parallel lines?
- Parallel lines are lines that never meet and stay the same distance apart.
- What are perpendicular lines?
- Perpendicular lines are lines that cross each other at a right angle (90 degrees).
- What is a bearing?
- Bearing is the direction from one place to another, measured in degrees from the north direction.
- How do you measure bearing?
- To measure bearing, start facing north, and turn clockwise to the direction you want to measure.
- What is an angle?
- An angle is the space between two lines that meet at a point.
- What is an acute angle?
- An acute angle is less than 90 degrees.
- What is a right angle?
- A right angle is exactly 90 degrees.
- What is an obtuse angle?
- An obtuse angle is more than 90 degrees but less than 180 degrees.
- What is a straight angle?
- A straight angle is exactly 180 degrees and looks like a straight line.
- What is a reflex angle?
- A reflex angle is more than 180 degrees but less than 360 degrees.
- What is the bearing of east?
- The bearing of east is 90 degrees.
- What is the bearing of south?
- The bearing of south is 180 degrees.
Evaluation :
- A line that goes on forever in both directions is called a ___.
- a) ray
- b) line segment
- c) line
- d) point
- A part of a line that has two endpoints is called a ___.
- a) ray
- b) line segment
- c) line
- d) circle
- A line that starts at one point and goes on forever in one direction is called a ___.
- a) ray
- b) line segment
- c) parallel line
- d) angle
- Lines that never meet are called ___.
- a) perpendicular lines
- b) reflex lines
- c) parallel lines
- d) straight lines
- Lines that cross at a right angle (90 degrees) are called ___.
- a) parallel lines
- b) perpendicular lines
- c) straight lines
- d) reflex lines
- The direction from one place to another, measured in degrees from north, is called ___.
- a) angle
- b) bearing
- c) line
- d) point
- When measuring bearing, start facing ___.
- a) east
- b) south
- c) west
- d) north
- An angle that is exactly 90 degrees is called a ___.
- a) right angle
- b) obtuse angle
- c) acute angle
- d) straight angle
- An angle that is less than 90 degrees is called a ___.
- a) obtuse angle
- b) right angle
- c) reflex angle
- d) acute angle
- An angle that is more than 90 degrees but less than 180 degrees is called a ___.
- a) right angle
- b) acute angle
- c) straight angle
- d) obtuse angle
- A straight angle is equal to ___.
- a) 45 degrees
- b) 90 degrees
- c) 180 degrees
- d) 270 degrees
- A reflex angle is more than ___.
- a) 90 degrees
- b) 180 degrees
- c) 360 degrees
- d) 270 degrees
- The bearing of south is ___.
- a) 0 degrees
- b) 90 degrees
- c) 180 degrees
- d) 270 degrees
- The bearing of west is ___.
- a) 0 degrees
- b) 90 degrees
- c) 180 degrees
- d) 270 degrees
- The bearing of east is ___.
- a) 0 degrees
- b) 90 degrees
- c) 180 degrees
- d) 270 degrees
Presentation:
Step 1:
- Teacher’s Activities:
- Review the previous topic: basic shapes.
- Learners’ Activities:
- Answer questions about basic shapes.
Step 2:
- Teacher’s Activities:
- Introduce straight lines and curves using examples on the board.
- Draw examples of acute and obtuse angles.
- Discuss and show directions using signs.
- Learners’ Activities:
- Listen and observe the teacher’s explanation.
- Look at the examples on the board.
Step 3:
- Teacher’s Activities:
- Allow pupils to identify and draw straight lines and curves.
- Ask pupils to identify acute and obtuse angles from examples.
- Encourage pupils to point out north, south, east, and west.
- Learners’ Activities:
- Draw lines and curves on paper.
- Identify acute and obtuse angles.
- Point out directions using the signs provided.
Assessment:
- Observe pupils as they draw lines, angles, and identify directions.
- Ask oral questions to check understanding.
Evaluation Questions:
- What is a straight line?
- Draw a curve on your paper.
- What angle is less than 90 degrees called?
- What angle is more than 90 degrees called?
- Point to the direction that is north.
- Which direction is east?
- Which direction is south?
- Which direction is west?
- Draw an acute angle on your paper.
- Draw an obtuse angle on your paper.
Conclusion:
- The teacher goes around to mark pupils’ work and offers corrections.
- Praise pupils for their efforts and review any errors.
- Encourage pupils to practice drawing lines and identifying angles at home.