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BASIC TECHNOLOGY JSS 2 SECOND TERM EXAMINATION

SECOND TERM

Examination malpractices may lead to a repeat of the subject or suspensions don’t be involved.

 Subject: BASIC TECHNOLOGY  Duration: 2HRS          Class: JSS 2

OBJECTIVE     

 

  1. ___________ are basically four sided plane figure (a) Quadrilaterals (b) Polygons (c) Board practice (d) Drawing boards
  2. __________ all sides and angles are equal (a) Square (b) Rectangle (c) Trapezium (d) Kite
  3. __________ are plane figures bounded by more than four straight lines . (a) Trapezium (b) Square (c) Polygons (d) Kite
  4. Pentagon has _______ Sides (a) 6 (b) 5 (c) 8 (d) 10
  5. Polygon with 8 sides is Called ________ (a) Heptagon (b) pentagon (c) Octagon (d) Decagon
  6. Polygon with Six Sides is Called _______ (a)Octagon (b) Hexagon (c) Decagon (d) Heptagon
  7. __________ is a Straight line which touches the circumference at a Point (a) Tangent (b) Arcs (c) Rectangle (d) Square
  8. ________ is a Plane figure bounded by three straight lines (a) Rectangle (b) Triangle (c) Square (d) Trapezium
  9. _________ is a triangle that has three equal sides and three angles (a) Equilateral Triangle (b) Isosceles Triangle (c) Scalene Triangle (d) Right angle Triangle
  10. __________ Can be defined as an operation organized to free from danger (a) First aid operation (b) Rescue operation (c) Responsive operation (d) Caring operation
  11. Which of the following cannot be regarded as a rescue operation (a) Vehicle-extrication rescue operation (b) Surface water rescue operation (c) Air – Sea rescue operation (d) First aiding
  12. Workshop accident includes the following except (a) Fracture (b) Bleeding (c) voltaging (d) Wound
  13. ________ is a table on which wood workers perform his operation (a) Workbench (b) Imperial board (c) Dove Tail table (d) Tenon Table
  14. Mixture of Sand, gravel, cement with water is Called (a) Plastering (b) rendering (c) Concrete (d) Plastics
  15. ________ is the name of buildings that contains many rooms on two floors (a) Duplex (b) Bungalow (c) hut (d) High – Rise
  16. Angles can be measured using ____ (a) French Curve (b) Compass (c) Protractor
  17. The instrument used for drawing irregular curve is called (a) divider (b) Compass (c) Scale Rule (d) French Curve
  18. The following methods can prevent accident while working in the workshop, except (a) always use the right tools for each job (b) Always keeps to instructor (c) Avoid using worn out tools (d) Always do more than two jobs at the same time
  19. ________ are equipment used in order to achieve safety? (a) Safely devices (b) Fire extinguishers (c) Fire alarm (d) Fire buckets
  20. Metals can be classified into _______ (a) Six (b) Five (c) Four (d) two
  21. Papers are manufactured from _______ ceramics (b) Ferrous (c) alloy (d) wood
  22. The major purpose of maintenance in engineering is to ________ (a) Keep it in good working condition (b) Prevent from making loud noise (c) Stop it from working too long (d)Enable it to last forever
  23. Workshop accident includes the following except (a) Fracture (b) Bleeding (c) Plastering (d) Wound
  24. One of the following is not among the rescue safely measures (a) Face cap (b) Safely boot (c) hand gloves (d) helmets
  25. First – aid can be used to care for the following except (a) Accident (b) Injury (c) Headache (d) Blood Donation
  26. __________ is used for transferring measurement (a) Divider (b) punches (c) Micrometer (d) Try square
  27. _________ is drawn at the bottom right hand corner of the drawing paper (a) Boarder lines (b) Title block (c) Lettering (d) Figures
  28. _______ are poor conductors of heat and electricity (a) Plastics (b) Metal (c) Copper wire (d) Conductors
  29. ___________ Plastic can be softened into liquid form and remoulded (a) Thermosetting (b) Electric Plastic (c) Ceramic (d) Synthetic rubber
  30. Any material that allows free flow of electrons and electricity is Called _________ (a) Insulator (b) Conductors (c) Ceramics (d) Synthetic
  31. The brown material between electric poles and the electric wire is Called (a) Insulators (ceramic) (b) Thermoplastic (c) Synthetic (d) Vulcanization
  32. Glass belong to _________ family (a) Plastics (b) Synthetic rubber (c) Thermo set Plastics (d) Ceramics.
  33. Which of the following can be used for drawing vertical and inclined lines ? (a) Protectors (b) Scale rule (c) Compass (d) Set square
  34. Scale rules are used to produce (a) Reduced or enlarged sizes (b) Equal and normal size of drawing (c) Enlarged sizes of drawing (d) A good Linear drawing
  35. Which of the procedures comes first in Constructing a building (a) Excavation (b) concreting (c) Level (d) Site preparation
  36. Which of the following is not a Quadilateral (a) Prism (b) Rhomboid (c) Rhombus (d) Parallelogram
  37. __________ are used to reduce wear and tear (a) Lubricant (b) Vulcanization (c) Synthetic (d) Abrasives
  38. Oil and Grease are used as_______ (a) Vulcanization (b) Lubricants (c) Synthetics (d) abrasives
  39. Polygon with (10) Ten sides is Called (a) Pentagon (b) Heptagon (c) Nonagon (d) Decagon
  40. We have types of technology (a) 5         (b) 4   (c) 3     (d) 2

THEORY:          Answer only three Question

Geometry and Friction

1. (a) Define Polygon:
Define the term “Polygon.”

(b) Construct the following polygons:

  1. Pentagon
    • Side length: AB = 50mm
  2. Hexagon
    • Side length: AB = 70mm
  3. Octagon
    • Side length: AB = 70mm

2. (a) Define Friction:
Define the term “Friction.”

(b) State two advantages and two disadvantages of friction.

(c) Differentiate between Lubrication and Lubricants.

(d) Mention two lubricants used in reducing friction.

3. (a) Explain five care and maintenance practices for woodworking machines.

(b) Explain two functions of a lathe machine.

4. Sketch five workshop hand tools and explain their uses.

5. (a) Explain the uses of the following technical drawing instruments:

  1. Tee Square
  2. Protractor
  3. Set Square
  4. Compass
  5. Divider

(b) Sketch a tee square and label its parts.

6. Geometry Problems

1. Construct a rectangle ABDE equal in area to a given triangle with sides AB = 70mm, AC = 80mm, and BC = 80mm. Prove that the area of rectangle ABDE equals the area of triangle ABC.

2. Inscribe a circle into an isosceles triangle with sides AB = 80mm, AC = 80mm, and BC = 70mm.

3. Inscribe a square into a circle with a radius of 30mm.

4. Prove that triangles on the same base and between parallel lines have equal areas, given the base of the two triangles as 70mm and the distance between the two parallel lines as 45mm.

 

1. Geometry and Friction

1. (a) Define Polygon:
A polygon is a flat, two-dimensional shape with straight sides that are fully closed. The sides are called edges, and the points where they meet are called vertices.

(b) Construct the following polygons:

  1. Pentagon
    • Side length: AB = 50mm
  2. Hexagon
    • Side length: AB = 70mm
  3. Octagon
    • Side length: AB = 70mm

2. (a) Define Friction:
Friction is the force that opposes the relative motion of two surfaces in contact.

(b) State two advantages and two disadvantages of friction:

Advantages:

  1. Provides Traction: Enables walking and vehicle movement without slipping.
  2. Helps in Stopping: Assists in slowing down or stopping moving objects.

Disadvantages:

  1. Causes Wear and Tear: Leads to the wear and damage of materials like tires and machine parts.
  2. Increases Energy Consumption: Requires more energy to overcome resistance in machines.

(c) Differentiate between Lubrication and Lubricants:

Lubrication:
The process of applying a substance to reduce friction between moving parts.

Lubricants:
Substances such as oils or greases used to reduce friction and wear between surfaces.

(d) Mention two lubricants used in reducing friction:

  1. Motor Oil
  2. Grease

3. (a) Explain five care and maintenance practices for woodworking machines:

  1. Regular Cleaning: Remove sawdust and debris to keep machines operating smoothly.
  2. Lubrication: Apply oil or grease to moving parts to reduce friction and wear.
  3. Check for Loose Parts: Inspect and tighten bolts and screws to ensure safety and accuracy.
  4. Sharpen Tools: Keep cutting tools sharp to improve efficiency and reduce strain on the machine.
  5. Inspect Electrical Components: Regularly check and maintain electrical parts to prevent malfunctions.

(b) Explain two functions of a lathe machine:

  1. Turning: Rotates a workpiece to shape it using cutting tools.
  2. Drilling: Allows for boring holes into a workpiece using a drill attachment.

4. Sketch five workshop hand tools and explain their uses:

  1. Hammer: Drives nails, breaks objects, and shapes materials.
  2. Screwdriver: Turns screws to fasten or unfasten them.
  3. Wrench: Grips and turns nuts and bolts.
  4. Pliers: Grips, twists, and cuts wires or small objects.
  5. Saw: Cuts wood or other materials into desired shapes.

5. (a) Explain the uses of the following technical drawing instruments:

  1. Tee Square: Draws horizontal lines and checks angles.
  2. Protractor: Measures and draws angles.
  3. Set Square: Draws right angles and other specific angles.
  4. Compass: Draws circles and arcs.
  5. Divider: Measures and transfers distances.

(b) Sketch a tee square and label its parts:

  • Draw a right-angle L-shape.
  • Label the Blade (long part) and Head (short part perpendicular to the blade).

6. Geometry Problems

1. Construct a rectangle ABDE equal in area to a given triangle with sides AB = 70mm, AC = 80mm, and BC = 80mm. Prove that the area of rectangle ABDE equals the area of triangle ABC.

Solution:
To find the area of the triangle ABC, use Heron’s formula. First, find the semi-perimeter:

  • Semi-perimeter (s) = (AB + AC + BC) / 2 = (70 + 80 + 80) / 2 = 115 mm
  • Area (A) = sqrt(s * (s – AB) * (s – AC) * (s – BC))
    Area (A) = sqrt(115 * (115 – 70) * (115 – 80) * (115 – 80))
    Area (A) ≈ 2800 mm²

To find a rectangle with this area, if one side is 70mm, the other side will be:

  • Width = 2800 mm² / 70 mm = 40 mm

Thus, a rectangle ABDE with length 70mm and width 40mm will have the same area as the triangle ABC.

2. Inscribe a circle into an isosceles triangle with sides AB = 80mm, AC = 80mm, and BC = 70mm.

Solution:
To inscribe a circle, use the formula for the radius (r) of the circle inscribed in a triangle:

  • Radius (r) = Area / Semi-perimeter
  • Semi-perimeter (s) = (AB + AC + BC) / 2 = (80 + 80 + 70) / 2 = 115 mm
  • Area = sqrt(s * (s – AB) * (s – AC) * (s – BC))
    Area ≈ 2470 mm²
  • Radius (r) = 2470 mm² / 115 mm ≈ 21.5 mm

3. Inscribe a square into a circle with a radius of 30mm.

Solution:
The diagonal of the square is equal to the diameter of the circle. The diameter is:

  • Diameter = 2 × Radius = 2 × 30 mm = 60 mm

Let the side of the square be s. The relationship between the diagonal and side of a square is:

  • Diagonal = s√2
  • s√2 = 60 mm
    s = 60 mm / √2 ≈ 42.4 mm

4. Prove that triangles on the same base and between parallel lines have equal areas, given the base of the two triangles as 70mm and the distance between the two parallel lines as 45mm.

Solution:
Let the base of the triangles be b and the distance between the parallel lines be h. The area of each triangle is:

  • Area = 1/2 × b × h

Since the base and height are the same for both triangles:

  • Area1 = 1/2 × 70 mm × 45 mm
  • Area2 = 1/2 × 70 mm × 45 mm

Thus, both triangles have equal areas.

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