Exploring Words, Sentences, and Modal Auxiliaries in Grammar

Lesson Plan for Primary 5 – English Grammar

Second Term, Week 2

Subject: English Grammar
Class: Primary 5
Term: Second Term
Week: 2
Age: 9–10 years
Topic: Word Bank and Sentence Building, Making New Words, Modal Auxiliaries, and Sentence Formation from Phrases and Clauses
Sub-topic: Understanding Word Formation, Modal Auxiliaries, and Sentence Building
Duration: 40 minutes
Behavioral Objectives: By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Build sentences using a given word bank.
2. Form new words from a given word.
3. Use modal auxiliaries in sentences.
4. Construct sentences from phrases and clauses.

Keywords: Word bank, Sentence building, Modal auxiliaries, Phrases, Clauses

Set Induction: The teacher writes “MODAL,” “BUILD,” and “SENTENCE” on the board and asks pupils to share what they think these words mean.

Entry Behavior: Pupils can read and write basic sentences.

Learning Resources and Materials:

• Flashcards with words and phrases
• A chart showing examples of modal auxiliaries and sentences
• Word-building puzzles

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge: Pupils are familiar with forming basic sentences and recognizing common words.

Embedded Core Skills:

• Creative thinking
• Problem-solving
• Language development

Reference Books: Lagos State Scheme of Work for English Language, Primary 5

Instructional Materials: Flashcards, charts, whiteboard, and worksheets

Content

1. Word Bank and Sentence Building

Definition: A word bank is a collection of words used to form sentences.
Example: Using the word bank: boy, school, reading, today, we can form the sentence:

• “The boy is reading in school today.”

2. Making New Words from a Given Word

Definition: This involves rearranging letters or adding prefixes/suffixes to form new words.
Example: From the word BUILDING, we can create:

• Build
• Bind
• Ring
• Dig

3. Modal Auxiliaries

Definition: Modal auxiliaries are helping verbs that express ability, permission, obligation, or possibility.
Examples:

• Can: ability (I can swim.)
• May: permission (You may enter.)
• Must: obligation (You must study hard.)

4. Sentence Formation from Phrases and Clauses

Definition:

• Phrase: A group of words without a subject and verb (in the park).
• Clause: A group of words with a subject and verb (The boy is playing).

Examples:

• Phrase: “In the park” can form the sentence, “The children are playing in the park.”
• Clause: “Because he was tired” can form the sentence, “He slept because he was tired.”

Fill-in-the-Blank Questions

1. A _______ is a collection of words used to form sentences.
   a) Word bank
   b) Phrase
   c) Clause
   d) Modal auxiliary
2. Which word can be formed from TEACHING?
   a) Teach
   b) Chin
   c) Thing
   d) All of the above
3. The modal auxiliary for expressing ability is _______.
   a) Can
   b) Must
   c) May
   d) Shall
4. A _______ contains a subject and a verb.
   a) Phrase
   b) Clause
   c) Modal
   d) Word bank
5. The modal auxiliary for asking permission is _______.
   a) Must
   b) Can
   c) May
   d) Should
6. The word SCHOOLING can be rearranged to form _______.
   a) School
   b) Cool
   c) Sing
   d) All of the above
7. The phrase on the table can form the sentence: _______.
   a) The book is on the table.
   b) On the table book is.
   c) Table on the book is.
   d) None of the above
8. _______ is an example of a modal auxiliary.
   a) Can
   b) Table
   c) Walk
   d) Play
9. A clause must contain _______.
   a) A subject only
   b) A verb only
   c) Both a subject and a verb
   d) Neither a subject nor a verb
10. _______ is a phrase, not a clause.
    a) Because he was late
    b) In the garden
    c) He walked to school
    d) None of the above
11. The modal auxiliary must expresses _______.
    a) Permission
    b) Ability
    c) Obligation
    d) Possibility
12. A sentence can be formed from the clause if you study hard as _______.
    a) You will pass if you study hard.
    b) If study hard.
    c) Study hard if pass.
    d) None of the above
13. Using the word bank dog, barked, loudly, form a sentence: _______.
    a) The dog barked loudly.
    b) Barked loudly dog the.
    c) Loudly dog barked the.
    d) None of the above
14. Which is a new word from PLANTING?
    a) Plant
    b) Sing
    c) Pan
    d) All of the above
15. The word bank teacher, explained, lesson forms the sentence: _______.
    a) The teacher explained the lesson.
    b) Teacher the explained lesson the.
    c) Explained the lesson teacher.
    d) None of the above

Frequently Asked Questions

1. What is a word bank?
   • A word bank is a collection of words used to form sentences.
2. What is a modal auxiliary?
   • A modal auxiliary is a helping verb used to express ability, permission, or obligation.
3. What does the modal can express?
   • It expresses ability.
4. What is the difference between a phrase and a clause?
   • A phrase does not have a subject and a verb, while a clause does.
5. What is an example of a clause?
   • “He is running.”
6. What is an example of a phrase?
   • “Under the table.”
7. How do you form new words from a given word?
   • By rearranging letters or adding prefixes and suffixes.
8. What is the modal auxiliary for obligation?
   • Must.
9. What is the modal auxiliary for permission?
   • May.
10. Can a phrase form a sentence?
    • No, it needs a subject and verb to become a sentence.

Presentation

Step 1: Revision of the previous topic:

• Teacher revises abbreviations and acronyms.

Step 2: Introduction of the new topic:

• The teacher explains word building, modal auxiliaries, and sentence formation.

Step 3: Students’ contributions and corrections:

• Pupils identify modal auxiliaries, form new words, and build sentences.

Teacher’s Activities:

• Display flashcards with words and phrases.
• Guide pupils in forming sentences and using modal auxiliaries.

Learner’s Activities:

• Form new words and sentences.
• Use modal auxiliaries in discussions.

Assessment:

• Pupils form sentences from a word bank.
• Pupils use modal auxiliaries in their own sentences.

Evaluation Questions

1. Define a word bank.
2. What is the meaning of a modal auxiliary?
3. Write two examples of modal auxiliaries.
4. Form three sentences using the word bank: dog, barked, loudly.
5. Write a sentence using the modal auxiliary may.
6. Rearrange the word LEARNING to form three new words.
7. What is the difference between a phrase and a clause?
8. Write an example of a phrase.
9. Use the clause when it rains in a sentence.
10. Write a sentence expressing obligation using the modal must.

Conclusion:

The teacher reviews the definitions and examples of word banks, modal auxiliaries, phrases, and clauses, reinforcing their use in daily communication.