National Water Supply Social Studies Primary 5

Lesson Plan: National Water Supply

Subject: Social Studies
Class: Primary 5
Term: Second Term
Week: Week 11
Topic: National Water Supply
Previous Knowledge: Students have prior knowledge of land transportation.

Behavioural Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

1. Explain what National Water Supply is.
2. Mention the effects of insufficient water supply on the population.

Instructional Materials

• Wall charts
• Pictures
• Online Resources
• Textbooks

Methods of Teaching

• Role modeling
• Questions and answers
• Explanation
• Discussion
• Recitation
• Imitation
• Storytelling

Content

1. What is Water?
   Water is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless liquid substance composed of oxygen and hydrogen. It is essential for all living things (humans, animals, and plants). Water is necessary for daily survival, including drinking, cooking, washing, and more.
2. Sources of Water
   Water is sourced both naturally and artificially:
   • Natural Sources of Water:
     • Spring Water: Water that naturally comes to the surface of the earth.
     • Rain Water: Water that falls from the clouds as rain.
     • Rivers: Flowing bodies of water that carry water across land.
     • Lakes: Large bodies of standing freshwater.
     • Seas and Oceans: Large bodies of saltwater.
   • Man-Made or Artificial Sources of Water:
     • Borehole: Deep holes drilled into the ground to access groundwater.
     • Irrigation: The process of supplying water to crops artificially.
     • Pipe-borne Water: Water supplied through pipes to homes and industries.
     • Dams: Large structures built to store water for various purposes.
3. Uses of Water
   Water serves many important purposes:
   • Domestic Uses: Washing, bathing, drinking, cooking, watering plants.
   • Transportation: Ships, boats, and canoes move on water.
   • Industrial Uses: Cooling machines, mixing chemicals, washing equipment.
   • Agricultural Uses: Water is essential for crops and livestock.
   • Digestive System: Aids in the digestion of food.
4. Persons and Agencies Involved in Water Supply
   Various organizations and professionals are involved in providing water, including:
   • Engineers and Public Health Workers
   • Water Corporation
   • Ministry of Agriculture and National Resources
   • Water Board
   • Ministry of Water Resources
5. Why Water is Sometimes Scarce
   Several factors contribute to water scarcity:
   • Irregular electricity supply.
   • Climate change and seasonal variations in rainfall.
   • Delays in water rate payments.
   • Population increase.
   • Lack of skilled professionals to repair water infrastructure.
   • Burst pipes and plant (generator) failure.
   • Insufficient funds for maintenance and spare parts.
6. Consequences of Water Shortage
   Water scarcity can have serious effects, such as:
   • Outbreak of waterborne diseases.
   • Disruption in industries relying on water.
   • Closure of businesses that depend on water.
   • Decrease in agricultural productivity, leading to food shortages.
   • Potential loss of life due to lack of clean water.
7. How to Solve the Problem of Water Shortage
   Possible solutions include:
   • Government investment in water projects and maintenance.
   • Regular maintenance and repair of water infrastructure.
   • Provision of sufficient spare parts.
   • Steady electricity supply to water systems.
   • Building more boreholes.
   • Preventing waste and refuse dumping into rivers.
8. Population and Water Supply
   As the population increases, so does the demand for water. This can lead to water shortages unless more resources are made available.

Evaluation

1. Water is a ____________ substance made up of oxygen and hydrogen.
   a) solid
   b) liquid
   c) gas
   d) powder
2. Water is ____________ to all living things.
   a) harmful
   b) dangerous
   c) important
   d) useless
3. ____________ is a natural source of water.
   a) Milk
   b) Juice
   c) Rainwater
   d) Soda
4. Rivers, lakes, and seas are examples of ____________.
   a) animals
   b) plants
   c) natural sources of water
   d) man-made sources of water
5. Boreholes, irrigation, and dams are examples of ____________ sources of water.
   a) man-made
   b) natural
   c) animal
   d) plant
6. Rainwater is collected from ____________.
   a) clouds
   b) rivers
   c) the sun
   d) trees
7. ____________ is a man-made source of water used for farming.
   a) River
   b) Dam
   c) Borehole
   d) Sea
8. Springs and rivers are examples of ____________.
   a) natural sources of water
   b) man-made sources of water
   c) food
   d) clothing
9. ____________ is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless substance.
   a) Air
   b) Juice
   c) Water
   d) Oil
10. Oceans and seas are large bodies of ____________.
    a) land
    b) air
    c) water
    d) fire
11. ____________ is a natural source of water that flows continuously.
    a) Rainwater
    b) Lake
    c) Spring
    d) Dam
12. Dams are built to ____________ water for various purposes.
    a) collect
    b) destroy
    c) evaporate
    d) drink
13. ____________ is an example of a man-made source of water used for drinking.
    a) Ocean
    b) Lake
    c) Borehole
    d) River
14. ____________ is a man-made source of water used for supplying water to homes.
    a) Dam
    b) Ocean
    c) Pipe-borne water
    d) Lake
15. Water is essential for ____________ growth.
    a) plant
    b) animal
    c) human
    d) all of the above

Class Activity Discussion

1. What is water?
   • Water is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless liquid essential for life.
2. Can you name four sources of water?
   • Rainwater, rivers, lakes, and boreholes.
3. What are some uses of water?
   • Water is used for drinking, cooking, bathing, washing, and industrial purposes.
4. What are some consequences of water shortage?
   • Waterborne diseases, disruption in industries, low agricultural output, and even death.
5. Why is water sometimes scarce?
   • Due to irregular electricity supply, burst pipes, climate change, and population increase.

Presentation

• Step 1: The teacher revises the previous topic.
• Step 2: The teacher introduces the new topic of National Water Supply.
• Step 3: The teacher allows the students to contribute their knowledge, encouraging active participation.

Teacher’s and Learners’ Activities

• Teacher discusses and explains the different sources of water.
• Teacher encourages participation by asking questions.
• Students contribute their experiences with water usage.

Assessment

1. What is water?
2. Mention four sources of water.
3. Write out four uses of water.
4. Explain four consequences of water supply shortage.
5. List out four reasons why water is sometimes scarce.

Conclusion

The teacher reviews the lesson, clarifying any misunderstandings, and marks the students’ work. The lesson concludes with a recap of key points.

Assignment

The teacher encourages students to read further about water scarcity and how it can be prevented. They should prepare for the next lesson on water conservation.