HomeJSS 3English StudiesMastering Long and Short Vowel Sounds /i:/, /i/, and /a:/ for JSS 3 Speech Work English Grammar JSS 3 First Term Lesson Notes Week 1

Mastering Long and Short Vowel Sounds /i:/, /i/, and /a:/ for JSS 3 Speech Work English Grammar JSS 3 First Term Lesson Notes Week 1

Lesson Plan: Speech Work – Long and Short Vowel Contrasts /i:/ and /i/; /a:/

Subject: English Grammar

Class: JSS 3

Term: First Term

Week: 1

Age: 13-14 years

Duration: 40 minutes

Topic: Long and Short Vowel Contrasts /i:/ and /i/; /a:/

Sub-topic: Identification and Pronunciation of Vowel Sounds

Behavioural Objectives

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

  1. Differentiate between long and short vowel sounds.
  2. Correctly pronounce the vowel sounds /i:/, /i/, and /a:/.
  3. Identify words with the vowel sounds /i:/, /i/, and /a:/ in sentences.

Keywords

  • Vowel
  • Long vowel sound
  • Short vowel sound
  • Phonetics
  • Pronunciation

Set Induction

The teacher introduces the lesson by engaging students in a quick exercise, asking them to pronounce familiar words and identifying which ones have short and long vowel sounds.

Entry Behaviour

Students have basic knowledge of simple vowel sounds and pronunciation of everyday words.

Learning Resources and Materials

  • Flashcards with words containing /i:/, /i/, and /a:/ sounds
  • Audio recordings of correct pronunciations
  • Phonetic charts
  • Whiteboard and marker

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge

The teacher reminds students about the vowel sounds they have learned in previous classes and how these sounds differ in terms of duration and clarity.

Embedded Core Skills

  • Critical thinking
  • Listening skills
  • Oral communication

Learning Materials

  1. Flashcards with example words
  2. Audio pronunciation samples
  3. Phonetic chart

Reference Books

  • Lagos State Scheme of Work
  • Junior Secondary School English Grammar Textbooks

Instructional Materials

  • Flashcards
  • Audio recordings
  • Whiteboard

Content

Explanation of Vowel Sounds

  1. Long vowel /i:/ – This sound is pronounced with the tongue close to the roof of the mouth. It is long and clear. Examples: “beat,” “seat,” “sheep.”
  2. Short vowel /i/ – This sound is produced quickly with the tongue in a relaxed position. Examples: “bit,” “sit,” “ship.”
  3. Long vowel /a:/ – This sound is pronounced with the mouth wide open, and it is held longer. Examples: “car,” “father,” “arm.”

Examples of Words with Long and Short Vowels

  • /i:/ – beat, seat, feel
  • /i/ – bit, sit, fit
  • /a:/ – car, far, arm

Pronunciation Practice

The teacher provides a list of words and guides students in distinguishing between long and short vowel sounds in the words.

Fill-in-the-Blank Questions

Choose the correct vowel sound for the following words.

  1. Ship – /i:/ or /i/
  2. Car – /i:/ or /a:/
  3. Seat – /i:/ or /i/
  4. Sheep – /i:/ or /i/
  5. Far – /i:/ or /a:/
  6. Bit – /i:/ or /i/
  7. Arm – /a:/ or /i/
  8. Fit – /i:/ or /i/
  9. Father – /a:/ or /i:/
  10. Beat – /i:/ or /a:/
  11. Sit – /i:/ or /i/
  12. Cart – /a:/ or /i/
  13. Feel – /i:/ or /a:/
  14. Part – /a:/ or /i/
  15. Ship – /i:/ or /a:/

FAQs with Answers

  1. What is the difference between long and short vowel sounds?
    Long vowel sounds are held longer than short vowel sounds.
  2. Can the same vowel letter have both long and short sounds?
    Yes, depending on the word. For example, /i:/ in “beat” and /i/ in “bit.”
  3. How do we know when to use a long vowel sound?
    It depends on the word and context; learning the pronunciation helps.
  4. Are long vowels louder than short vowels?
    No, they are not louder, just held longer.
  5. Can the letter “a” produce different vowel sounds?
    Yes, for example /a:/ in “car” and short /æ/ in “cat.”
  6. Why are some words difficult to pronounce?
    It could be because of unfamiliar vowel sounds.
  7. How do I improve my pronunciation?
    Practice by listening to native speakers and repeating the words.
  8. Do all English words follow vowel rules?
    No, there are some exceptions.
  9. Can long and short vowels change the meaning of a word?
    Yes, for example “seat” and “sit.”
  10. How do I know if I am using the correct vowel sound?
    Listen carefully and compare with examples.
  11. Are all long vowels pronounced the same way?
    No, each vowel has its own long sound.
  12. Can I learn vowel sounds quickly?
    With regular practice, you can improve quickly.
  13. Why do some words have both long and short vowels?
    It’s part of English pronunciation rules.
  14. What is the best way to learn vowel sounds?
    Listen and repeat, and practice using them in sentences.
  15. Are vowel sounds important in communication?
    Yes, they help convey meaning clearly.

Presentation Steps

Step 1: The teacher revises vowel sounds taught in previous classes by asking students to pronounce simple words.
Step 2: The teacher introduces long and short vowel contrasts (/i:/, /i/, and /a:/) using examples and pronunciation drills.
Step 3: The teacher encourages students to identify and pronounce words with these vowel sounds and provides corrections when necessary.

Teacher’s Activities

  • Provide examples of words with long and short vowel sounds.
  • Use flashcards and audio samples to guide pronunciation.
  • Correct and guide students through practice exercises.

Learners’ Activities

  • Pronounce words using correct vowel sounds.
  • Participate in class exercises and identify vowel sounds in words.

Assessment

  1. Pronounce the following words: beat, bit, far, car, fit.
  2. Identify the vowel sound in these words: sheep, ship, arm, part.
  3. Fill in the correct vowel sound for the word bit: /i:/ or /i/?

Evaluation Questions

  1. What is the difference between /i:/ and /i/?
  2. Give two examples of words with the /i:/ sound.
  3. What is the sound in the word “father”?
  4. How is the /a:/ sound pronounced?
  5. Identify the vowel sound in “car.”
  6. Give an example of a word with /i/ sound.
  7. What vowel sound is in “seat”?
  8. Why are long vowels important in pronunciation?
  9. List two words with the /a:/ sound.
  10. Differentiate between the sounds in “bit” and “beat.”

Conclusion

The teacher moves around the classroom to ensure that all students have correctly pronounced the words. The teacher provides necessary feedback and additional examples where needed.

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NAME:………………………………

 

1).     How many short vowel sounds do we have?

     We have ______________ short vowel sounds

2).    Write out the short vowel sounds

    _______   _______      _______     ________    ______

3).     Sound and blend the following correctly.

    bad        bed        bid        box

    cat        fen        hit        log   

    had        leg        lip        not

    Complete these:

    le___  (g, e)

    c ___ p  (i, u)

    ma __  (n, e)

    do __  (g, e)

 

FIRST TERM EXAMINATION 2022/2023

CLASS: BASIC 1                            SUBJECT: DICTION 

 

NAME:……………………………………………………………………………………

 

1).    How many short vowel sounds do we have?

    _____________

2).    Write out the short vowel sounds

    _____    _____    _____    _____    _____

3).    Write three words with the sound / g /

    ___________

    ___________

    ___________

4).    Write three words with the sound / k /

    __________

    __________

    __________

5).     Read the following sentences in the right diction.

  •       John is by the school gate.
  • Let’s go to the playground.

 

FIRST TERM EXAMINATION 2022/2023

CLASS: BASIC TWO                    SUBJECT: DICTION 

 

NAME:……………………………………………………………………………………

 

Write / s / by the side of the word if it is soft c and /k/ if it hard C.

Example: pace – /s/

1).    Cat    =

2).    Cyst =   

3).    Circle =

4).    Clay =

From the group of words choose the option with the sound /s/.

    A                 B            C

5).    fix                cat            dry

6).    leap                kit            second

7).    cry                psychology    clay 

Decipher the following 

Example: /ʃeip/ = shape

8).     /fiʃ/ =

9).    /pɒʃ/ =

10).    /fl˄ʃ/ =

11).    /kӕʃ/ =

12).    /ʃɒр/

 

FIRST TERM EXAMINATION 2022/2023

CLASS: BASIC THREE                        SUBJECT: DICTION 

 

NAME:……………………………………………………………………………………

 

Decipher the following:

1).    /rein/ =

2).    /rɒk/ =

3).    /rӕbit/ =

4).    /jel/    =

5).    /jӕm/  =

6).    /rɒŋ/    =

                A                B                C

7).     / riʧ/            rat                rich                run

8).    /jes/            yes                yam                fig

9).    /jɒt/            check                yacht            you

10).    /j˄ŋ/            yoghurt            you                young

Provide 5 words with the sound /z/ without the representation of letter Z. e.g. music

11).

12).

13).

14).

15).

FIRST TERM EXAMINATION 2022/2023

CLASS: BASIC FOUR                    SUBJECT: DICTION 

 

NAME:……………………………………………………………………………………

Underline the right word that goes along with the transcription.

                A                B            C

1).    /meӡə/        plumber                  measure        please

2).    /beiӡ/        bid                 beige        bath

3).    /pleӡə/        pleasure            please        pencil

4).    /ru:ӡ/        ring                rouge        bird 

Decipher the following:

5).    /breө/ =

6).    /welө/ =

7).    /ti:ө/ =

8).     /smiө/ =

9).    /kᴂʃ/ =

10).    /pɒʃ/ =

Underline all the words with the silent consonant  ̸ g ̸  

        A             B            C

11).         gun            gulp            gnaw

12).        gnat            doubt        great

13).        gate            gnome        bomb

14).        Malign        breath        bug                    

FIRST TERM EXAMINATION 2022/2023

CLASS: BASIC FIVE                        SUBJECT: DICTION 

 

NAME:……………………………………………………………………………………

Decipher the following. Example /baiɒlɘdӡ/ = biology

1).    /dӡǝʊk/ =

2).    /dӡin/    =

3).    /wedӡ/  =

4).     /breө/   =

From the options A-C, underline the word that contains the consonant sound in slashes.

            A            B            C

5).     /dӡ/        burn            singer        merge

6).    /ʧ/        cups            chill            brook

7).    /dӡ/        rice            jell            shell

8).    /ʧ/        can            cheese        transit

Transcribe the following.

9).     breath

10).    Wealth

11).    Teeth

From the words lettered A-C, choose the option that fits the transcription in slashes.

12).     /wɒt/            witch            what            won

13). /kwɒlifai/        quality        quantity        qualify

14).     /mʌծǝ/        mummy        mother        murder

15).    /Sǝdӡest        suggest        sunshine        change

 

 

FIRST TERM EXAMINATION FOR NURSERY, KG, PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

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