The Skin as the Organ of Touch Basic Science Primary 2 First Term Lesson Notes Week 8

Lesson Plan Presentation

Subject: Basic Science

Class: Primary 2

Term: First Term

Week: 8

Age: 7 years

Topic: The Senses – Touch

Sub-topic: The Skin as the Organ of Touch

Duration: 60 minutes

Behavioural Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Detect the textures of various substances through touching and feeling.
2. Identify the skin as the organ of touch.
3. Distinguish between rough and coarse objects; cold and hot sensations.

Key Words

• Touch
• Skin
• Texture
• Rough
• Coarse
• Cold
• Hot

Set Induction

The teacher will place different objects (e.g., cotton wool, sandpaper, ice cube, warm cloth) in opaque bags. Pupils will reach into the bags without looking and describe the objects they feel.

Entry Behaviour

Pupils have a basic understanding of the five senses and their corresponding organs.

Learning Resources and Materials

• Opaque bags with various objects (cotton wool, sandpaper, ice cube, warm cloth)
• Flashcards with images of the skin and different textures
• Pictures and diagrams of different sensations (hot, cold)

Building Background / Connection to Prior Knowledge

The teacher will remind pupils of the previous lessons about the senses of smell, taste, sight, and hearing, emphasizing how they use their senses to understand the world.

Embedded Core Skills

• Sensory perception
• Communication
• Collaboration

Learning Materials

• Lagos State Scheme of Work
• Basic Science textbooks for Primary 2

Instructional Materials

• Real objects with different textures and temperatures
• Flashcards
• Pictures
• Diagrams of sensations (hot, cold)

Content Explanation

1. The Skin as the Organ of Touch:
   • The skin covers our body and helps us feel different textures.
   • It allows us to detect sensations like hot and cold.
2. Detecting Textures Through Touch:
   • Smooth: Cotton cloth, glass surface.
   • Rough: Sandpaper, tree bark.
   • Coarse: Bricks, gravel.
3. Sensations of Hot and Cold:
   • Hot: Warm cloth, sunlight.
   • Cold: Ice cube, cold water.

Questions

1. We use our _____ to feel textures. (a) nose (b) skin (c) tongue (d) eye
2. Sandpaper feels _____. (a) smooth (b) rough (c) cold (d) hot
3. The skin helps us to sense _____. (a) smells (b) tastes (c) textures (d) sights
4. Cotton cloth feels _____. (a) rough (b) smooth (c) hot (d) cold
5. Bricks have a _____ texture. (a) smooth (b) rough (c) cold (d) hot
6. Ice cubes feel _____. (a) smooth (b) rough (c) cold (d) hot
7. We use our _____ to feel hot and cold. (a) nose (b) skin (c) tongue (d) eye
8. The skin allows us to detect _____. (a) sounds (b) tastes (c) textures (d) smells
9. Sunlight feels _____. (a) cold (b) hot (c) smooth (d) rough
10. We can feel different textures with our _____. (a) nose (b) skin (c) tongue (d) eye

Class Activity Discussion

1. Q: What is the sense of touch? A: The sense of touch is the ability to feel different textures and temperatures through the skin.
2. Q: How does the skin help us feel? A: The skin has receptors that detect sensations like texture, hot, and cold.
3. Q: What are examples of rough textures? A: Sandpaper, tree bark, and gravel are examples of rough textures.
4. Q: What does smooth texture feel like? A: Smooth textures feel even and soft, like cotton cloth or glass.
5. Q: How does the skin help us feel hot and cold? A: The skin detects temperature changes and sends signals to the brain to interpret sensations of hot and cold.
6. Q: Why is it important to feel different textures? A: Feeling different textures helps us understand the physical world and make decisions about what we touch.
7. Q: What sensation do we feel from ice cubes? A: Ice cubes feel cold when touched.
8. Q: How does the sense of touch help us stay safe? A: The sense of touch alerts us to dangers like hot surfaces or sharp objects.
9. Q: What is the role of the brain in interpreting touch sensations? A: The brain receives signals from the skin and interprets them to understand what we are touching and feeling.
10. Q: Can we feel textures with any part of our body? A: No, we feel textures through our skin, which covers our body.

Presentation

Step 1: Revision of Previous Topics

The teacher revises the lessons about the senses of smell, taste, sight, and hearing by asking pupils to name the organs used for each sense.

Step 2: Introduction of New Topic

The teacher introduces the new topic: “The Senses – Touch,” explaining that the pupils will learn about the sense of touch and the importance of the skin.

Step 3: Pupil Contributions

Pupils brainstorm in small groups to discuss textures and share their findings with the class. They will also share their observations on hot and cold sensations.

Teacher’s Activities

• Present various objects with different textures and temperatures for pupils to touch and feel.
• Show pictures of the skin and explain its function in detecting sensations.
• Discuss the differences between rough, smooth, hot, and cold sensations.
• Guide pupils in sharing their observations with the class.

Learners’ Activities

• Answer questions about textures and sensations.
• Touch and describe different objects to identify their textures.
• Discuss the differences between rough/coarse and hot/cold sensations.
• Explore how touch helps us understand our environment.

Assessment

The teacher asks pupils to:

1. Name the organ used for the sense of touch.
2. Describe the textures of different objects they touched.
3. Explain the difference between rough and smooth textures.
4. Discuss the sensations of hot and cold.

Conclusion

The teacher goes around to assess pupils’ understanding and participation. The lesson concludes with a brief review and encouragement for active learning.

More Useful Links

• All Subjects Primary 2 First Term Lesson Notes