Meaning of Change, Examples of Change, Classification of Change, Difference between Temporary and Permanent Change Basic Science Primary 4 First Term Lesson Notes Week 2
Basic Science Primary 4 First Term Lesson Notes Week 2
Subject: Basic Science
Class: Primary 4
Term: First Term
Week: 2
Age: 9 years
Topic: Changes in Nature (1)
Sub-topic: Meaning of Change, Examples of Change, Classification of Change, Difference between Temporary and Permanent Change
Duration: 1 hour
Behavioural Objectives:
- Students will explain the concept of “change.”
- Students will observe and describe some examples of changes around them.
- Students will consider the effects of changes around them.
- Students will give examples of temporary and permanent changes.
- Students will differentiate between temporary and permanent changes.
Keywords: Change, Temporary, Permanent, Classification, Examples
Set Induction:
- Start with a simple demonstration: Show students a piece of ice melting into water. Ask them what they observe and how it changes from one form to another.
Entry Behaviour:
- Students should have a basic understanding of everyday changes, such as changes in weather or physical changes in objects.
Learning Resources and Materials:
- Ice cubes
- A kettle for boiling water
- Photos or illustrations of various changes (e.g., leaves changing color, paper burning)
- Whiteboard and markers
Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge:
- Discuss with students everyday changes they see, like the weather or how food changes when cooked.
Embedded Core Skills:
- Observation
- Critical thinking
- Categorization
- Communication
Learning Materials:
- Ice cubes
- Kettle
- Illustrations of changes
- Worksheets
Reference Books:
- Lagos State Scheme of Work for Basic Science Primary 4
Instructional Materials:
- Whiteboard and markers
- Ice cubes and a kettle
- Photos or illustrations of changes
Content:
- Meaning of Change:
- Change refers to the process of becoming different or undergoing alteration. It can affect the appearance, state, or condition of something.
- Examples of Change:
- Physical Changes: Ice melting into water, boiling water turning into steam.
- Chemical Changes: Burning paper, rusting of iron.
- Classification of Change:
- Temporary Change: A change that can be reversed. Examples include melting ice, cutting paper, or cooking food.
- Permanent Change: A change that cannot be reversed. Examples include burning paper, baking a cake, or rusting metal.
- Difference between Temporary and Permanent Change:
- Temporary Change: Can be undone or reversed (e.g., water freezing and melting).
- Permanent Change: Cannot be undone or reversed (e.g., baking a cake, where the ingredients mix and form a new substance).
Fill-in-the-Blank Questions:
- A change that can be undone is called a ________ change.
a) Permanent
b) Temporary
c) Chemical
d) Physical - Melting ice is an example of a ________ change.
a) Permanent
b) Temporary
c) Chemical
d) Physical - Burning paper is a ________ change.
a) Temporary
b) Permanent
c) Physical
d) Reversible - ________ is an example of a permanent change.
a) Ice melting
b) Water freezing
c) Paper burning
d) Cutting wood - A change that happens when a substance forms a new substance is called a ________ change.
a) Physical
b) Chemical
c) Temporary
d) Reversible - Boiling water and turning it into steam is an example of a ________ change.
a) Permanent
b) Temporary
c) Chemical
d) Irreversible - Cutting paper is an example of a ________ change.
a) Permanent
b) Temporary
c) Chemical
d) Irreversible - Rusting of iron is a ________ change.
a) Temporary
b) Permanent
c) Physical
d) Reversible - ________ changes occur when materials are mixed and cannot return to their original state.
a) Temporary
b) Physical
c) Chemical
d) Reversible - The process of water freezing is a ________ change.
a) Permanent
b) Temporary
c) Chemical
d) Irreversible - ________ changes can be reversed by physical means.
a) Permanent
b) Temporary
c) Chemical
d) Reversible - ________ changes occur when a new substance is formed.
a) Physical
b) Chemical
c) Temporary
d) Reversible - Baking a cake is an example of a ________ change.
a) Temporary
b) Permanent
c) Physical
d) Reversible - Melting butter is an example of a ________ change.
a) Permanent
b) Temporary
c) Chemical
d) Reversible - The process of paper burning is ________.
a) Reversible
b) Temporary
c) Permanent
d) Physical
Class Activity Discussion
- Q: What is a change in science?
A: A change is when something becomes different in appearance, state, or condition. - Q: Can you give an example of a temporary change?
A: Melting ice is a temporary change because the ice can refreeze. - Q: What happens in a chemical change?
A: In a chemical change, a new substance is formed that cannot return to its original state. - Q: How is burning paper different from melting ice?
A: Burning paper is a permanent change because it forms a new substance, while melting ice is temporary because it can turn back into ice. - Q: Is boiling water a temporary or permanent change?
A: Boiling water is a temporary change because it can turn back into water when cooled. - Q: What is an example of a permanent change?
A: Rusting of iron is an example of a permanent change. - Q: Can physical changes be reversed?
A: Yes, physical changes like melting or freezing can be reversed. - Q: What is the difference between physical and chemical changes?
A: Physical changes alter the appearance but not the substance, while chemical changes form new substances. - Q: What is an example of a reversible change?
A: Melting butter is a reversible change. - Q: What type of change occurs when cooking food?
A: Cooking food is a chemical change because it forms new substances. - Q: Why is cutting paper a temporary change?
A: Cutting paper is a temporary change because you can tape it back together or use it in another form. - Q: What can be used to observe changes in nature?
A: Observations can be made with simple experiments, like melting ice or boiling water. - Q: What does it mean if a change is described as permanent?
A: It means the change cannot be reversed and the original substance cannot be restored. - Q: Why do we study changes in science?
A: To understand how and why things change and to apply this knowledge in everyday life. - Q: How can we classify changes in nature?
A: Changes can be classified as temporary or permanent, depending on whether they can be reversed or not.
Presentation:
- Step 1: Start with a discussion about the concept of change and its significance.
- Step 2: Introduce the types of changes (temporary vs. permanent) using examples and demonstrations.
- Step 3: Engage students in identifying and categorizing examples of changes they observe around them.
Teacher’s Activities:
- Explain the concept of change and its types.
- Demonstrate examples of changes.
- Facilitate discussions and guide students in identifying changes.
Learners’ Activities:
- Observe and describe examples of changes.
- Participate in discussions about temporary and permanent changes.
- Complete worksheets on the types of changes.
Assessment:
- Evaluate students’ understanding through their responses to questions and participation in discussions.
Evaluation Questions:
- What is a change in nature?
- Give an example of a temporary change.
- How can you tell if a change is permanent?
- What happens to ice when it melts?
- Is burning wood a temporary or permanent change?
- How is boiling water different from freezing water?
- What are some examples of permanent changes?
- Why can melting ice be considered a temporary change?
- What type of change is cooking an egg?
- How can we observe changes in our daily environment?
Conclusion:
- Summarize the key points about the types of changes.
- Review examples and check students’ understanding through a brief Q&A session.
- Ensure students understand the difference between temporary and permanent changes and their effects.