Changes of State of Matter Basic Science Primary 5 Second Term Lesson Notes Week 9
Lesson Plan: Change of State of Matter
Subject: Basic Science and Technology
Class: Basic 5 / Primary 5
Term: Second Term
Week: Week 9
Age: 9–10 years
Topic: Change of State of Matter
Sub-topic: Melting, Freezing, Evaporation, Condensation, and Sublimation
Duration: 40 minutes
Behavioral Objectives
At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:
- Define the terms: melting, freezing, evaporation, condensation, and sublimation.
- Identify examples of changes in states of matter.
- Explain the processes involved in the change of state.
- Relate the changes in state to daily life experiences.
Keywords
- Melting
- Freezing
- Evaporation
- Condensation
- Sublimation
Set Induction
Show students a piece of ice and ask:
- What will happen if I leave this ice in the sun?
- Can water change into ice or something else?
Discuss their responses briefly to introduce the topic.
Entry Behaviour
Pupils already know the three states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas.
Learning Resources and Materials
- Wall charts showing states of matter and their changes.
- Pictures of evaporation, condensation, melting, freezing, and sublimation.
- Real-life materials like ice cubes, water, and a kettle to demonstrate changes.
Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge
Ask pupils:
- Have you noticed how water disappears from wet clothes when dried under the sun? (Evaporation)
- Have you seen water droplets forming on a cold bottle? (Condensation)
Embedded Core Skills
- Critical Thinking
- Communication
- Observation Skills
Learning Materials
- Ice cubes
- Hot water
- Kettle
- Pictures or charts
Reference Books
- Lagos State Scheme of Work
- Basic Science and Technology Textbooks
- 9-Year Basic Education Curriculum
Instructional Materials
- Flashcards
- Pictures and diagrams
- Videos on changes of state (if possible)
Content
Definition and Explanation
- Melting: When a solid turns into a liquid due to heat.
- Example: Ice turning into water.
- Freezing: When a liquid turns into a solid due to cold.
- Example: Water freezing into ice.
- Evaporation: When a liquid changes into a gas due to heat.
- Example: Water in a pot boiling and turning into steam.
- Condensation: When a gas cools down and turns into a liquid.
- Example: Dew forming on grass in the morning.
- Sublimation: When a solid changes directly into gas without becoming a liquid.
- Example: Dry ice turning into gas.
Examples of Changes in State
- Melting: Ice cream melting under the sun.
- Freezing: Making ice cubes in a freezer.
- Evaporation: Clothes drying in the sun.
- Condensation: Steam forming water droplets on a cold surface.
- Sublimation: Dry ice turning into vapor at room temperature.
Changes of State of Matter Questions
- ______ occurs when a solid changes to a liquid.
a) Melting b) Freezing c) Condensation d) Evaporation - ______ is the process of a liquid turning into gas.
a) Melting b) Freezing c) Evaporation d) Condensation - What is it called when gas turns into liquid?
a) Melting b) Sublimation c) Condensation d) Freezing - Water turning into ice is called ______.
a) Evaporation b) Freezing c) Melting d) Condensation - Dry ice turning into vapor is an example of ______.
a) Freezing b) Condensation c) Sublimation d) Melting
Class Activity Discussion Changes of State of Matter
- What happens when ice is left in the sun? Answer: It melts into water.
- Can water become ice? Answer: Yes, through freezing.
- What causes evaporation? Answer: Heat.
- What is condensation? Answer: When gas changes into a liquid.
- What is an example of sublimation? Answer: Dry ice turning to gas.
Presentation Steps
Teacher’s Activities
- Revise the previous topic briefly.
- Introduce the concept of changes in matter.
- Demonstrate melting using ice cubes.
- Use diagrams or videos to show other changes.
- Ask pupils to identify examples in their environment.
Learners’ Activities
- Observe the teacher’s demonstrations.
- Work in groups to list examples of changes.
- Answer questions based on observations.
Assessment
- What is evaporation?
- Mention one example of freezing.
- Name a gas that can be condensed into a liquid.
- Explain sublimation with an example.
- What happens to water when placed in a freezer?
Conclusion
- Review the key points on changes of state.
- Ask pupils to describe one example they observe at home.
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