Changes of State of Matter Basic Science Primary 5 Second Term Lesson Notes Week 9

Lesson Plan: Change of State of Matter

Subject: Basic Science and Technology

Class: Basic 5 / Primary 5

Term: Second Term

Week: Week 9

Age: 9–10 years

Topic: Change of State of Matter

Sub-topic: Melting, Freezing, Evaporation, Condensation, and Sublimation

Duration: 40 minutes

Behavioral Objectives

At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Define the terms: melting, freezing, evaporation, condensation, and sublimation.
2. Identify examples of changes in states of matter.
3. Explain the processes involved in the change of state.
4. Relate the changes in state to daily life experiences.

Keywords

• Melting
• Freezing
• Evaporation
• Condensation
• Sublimation

Set Induction

Show students a piece of ice and ask:

• What will happen if I leave this ice in the sun?
• Can water change into ice or something else?
  Discuss their responses briefly to introduce the topic.

Entry Behaviour

Pupils already know the three states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas.

Learning Resources and Materials

• Wall charts showing states of matter and their changes.
• Pictures of evaporation, condensation, melting, freezing, and sublimation.
• Real-life materials like ice cubes, water, and a kettle to demonstrate changes.

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge

Ask pupils:

• Have you noticed how water disappears from wet clothes when dried under the sun? (Evaporation)
• Have you seen water droplets forming on a cold bottle? (Condensation)

Embedded Core Skills

• Critical Thinking
• Communication
• Observation Skills

Learning Materials

1. Ice cubes
2. Hot water
3. Kettle
4. Pictures or charts

Reference Books

• Lagos State Scheme of Work
• Basic Science and Technology Textbooks
• 9-Year Basic Education Curriculum

Instructional Materials

• Flashcards
• Pictures and diagrams
• Videos on changes of state (if possible)

Content

Definition and Explanation

1. Melting: When a solid turns into a liquid due to heat.
   • Example: Ice turning into water.
2. Freezing: When a liquid turns into a solid due to cold.
   • Example: Water freezing into ice.
3. Evaporation: When a liquid changes into a gas due to heat.
   • Example: Water in a pot boiling and turning into steam.
4. Condensation: When a gas cools down and turns into a liquid.
   • Example: Dew forming on grass in the morning.
5. Sublimation: When a solid changes directly into gas without becoming a liquid.
   • Example: Dry ice turning into gas.

Examples of Changes in State

1. Melting: Ice cream melting under the sun.
2. Freezing: Making ice cubes in a freezer.
3. Evaporation: Clothes drying in the sun.
4. Condensation: Steam forming water droplets on a cold surface.
5. Sublimation: Dry ice turning into vapor at room temperature.

Changes of State of Matter Questions

1. ______ occurs when a solid changes to a liquid.
   a) Melting b) Freezing c) Condensation d) Evaporation
2. ______ is the process of a liquid turning into gas.
   a) Melting b) Freezing c) Evaporation d) Condensation
3. What is it called when gas turns into liquid?
   a) Melting b) Sublimation c) Condensation d) Freezing
4. Water turning into ice is called ______.
   a) Evaporation b) Freezing c) Melting d) Condensation
5. Dry ice turning into vapor is an example of ______.
   a) Freezing b) Condensation c) Sublimation d) Melting

Class Activity Discussion Changes of State of Matter

1. What happens when ice is left in the sun? Answer: It melts into water.
2. Can water become ice? Answer: Yes, through freezing.
3. What causes evaporation? Answer: Heat.
4. What is condensation? Answer: When gas changes into a liquid.
5. What is an example of sublimation? Answer: Dry ice turning to gas.

Presentation Steps

Teacher’s Activities

1. Revise the previous topic briefly.
2. Introduce the concept of changes in matter.
3. Demonstrate melting using ice cubes.
4. Use diagrams or videos to show other changes.
5. Ask pupils to identify examples in their environment.

Learners’ Activities

1. Observe the teacher’s demonstrations.
2. Work in groups to list examples of changes.
3. Answer questions based on observations.

Assessment

1. What is evaporation?
2. Mention one example of freezing.
3. Name a gas that can be condensed into a liquid.
4. Explain sublimation with an example.
5. What happens to water when placed in a freezer?

Conclusion

• Review the key points on changes of state.
• Ask pupils to describe one example they observe at home.

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