Figures of Speech.
Subject:
ENGLISH STUDIES
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Term:
FIRST TERM
Week:
WEEK 7
Class:
SS 3
Topic:
CONSONANT CLUSTERS
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Previous lesson:
The pupils have previous knowledge of
that was taught as a topic in the previous lesson
Behavioural objectives:
At the end of the lesson, the learners will be able to
- define Figures of Speech.
- give examples of figure of speech
- make use of figure of speech in sentences
- identify figure of speech in sentences
Instructional Materials:
- Wall charts
- Pictures
- Related Online Video
- Flash Cards
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Methods of Teaching:
- Class Discussion
- Group Discussion
- Asking Questions
- Explanation
- Role Modelling
- Role Delegation
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Reference Materials:
- Scheme of Work
- Online Information
- Textbooks
- Workbooks
- 9 Year Basic Education Curriculum
- Workbooks
Content:
WEEK SEVEN
TOPIC: COMPREHENSION: NOVEL EXTRACT.
The passage is an extract from the Novel titled
‘A Good Man in Africa’ by William Boyd. A woman, named Innocence, had been struck dead by thunder. All attempts by Morgan to get Innocence’s body taken to the morgue was in vain. The belief that certain sacrifices need to be carried out on anyone struck by thunder prevented anyone, including the police, from taking the corpse away. Morgan was surprised that even the “Christians” made reference to tribal protocol. Morgan was determined to get the body buried, and so he did by carrying out a burial himself.
In this passage, Morgan is trying to understand why people are not willing to take Innocence’s body away for burial. He realizes that there seems to be a belief in many cultures that anyone who has been struck by lightning should be sacrificed to the gods. This belief is likely rooted in the idea that thunder and lightning are seen as signs of divine power, and thus carrying out a burial for Innocence would be an insult to these gods. Morgan is determined to get her body buried regardless of this, despite the obstacles he faces from those who uphold this belief. Ultimately, he is able to get Innocence buried through his own efforts, demonstrating his resilience and determination in the face of seemingly insurmountable obstacles.
EVALUATION
Questions, Page 49.
1. What is the central theme or conflict in this passage?
The central theme or conflict in this passage is the clash between traditional beliefs and modern ideas. Morgan is faced with resistance from those who uphold such beliefs, which are based on a belief in divine power and the need for ritual sacrifices. He is determined to carry out a burial for Innocence, even in the face of this resistance, reflecting his desire to uphold more modern values and reject traditional beliefs. This conflict reflects a broader cultural struggle between old and new ways of thinking, driven by the pace of change in modern society.
Topic: Vocabulary Development: French Words
French is one of the European languages that have developed out of Latin. Some French expressions are used in English.
Examples include:
á la carte: refers to that part of a menu where each dish is listed with its price.
Á la mode: fashionable
Bourgeoisie: the middle class
Chef: senior cook
Communiqué: an official announcement
Déjà vu: seen before
Fiancé: a man who is engaged to be married.
Malaise: an uneasy feeling
Gauche: social clumsy or inept
Précis: a summary
RSVP: stands for repondez s’il vous plait. These letters are placed at the foot of a formal invitation when a reply is needed. They mean ‘please reply’.
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EVALUATION
Practice 1, Page 52
Topic: Writing:
Articles
Articles are expository essays. An expository essay is one that requires you to explain a thing or a process fully. The explanation will necessarily demand writing a great deal about what distinguishes the subject of the essay from all other things.
It may also involve some description.
Sample outline on articles. There have been various articles in your national newspapers discussing the rise in the prices of goods. Write your contribution to the discussion and suggest ways to help curb the trend.
Paragraphs
1. Introduction; Your observation.
2. Explaining the problem.
3. First major result
4. Second major result
5. Conclusion: The need to solve the problem.
EVALUATION
Write an article for publication in one of your local newspapers on the good effects of accountability and transparency.
Topic:
Figures of Speech.
A figure of speech is any departure from the literal (i.e ordinary) use of a word or phrase. Some of the commonest figures of speech which cut across genres are simile, metaphor, irony, paradox, euphemism, hyperbole, personification, litotes, oxymoron, allegory, alliteration, pun, rhetorical question, etc.
1. Simile: This is a figure of speech in which two things of identical or similar qualities are indirectly compared through the use of ‘like’ or ‘as’.
E.g. Peter is as cunny as a snake.
Jane is like an angel.
2. Metaphor: This is a direct comparison of things without the use of ‘like’ or ‘as’.
E.g. Peter is a snake
Jane is an angel
3. Personification: This is a figure of speech in which the quality of living things is transferred to non-living things.
E.g. The sun smiled at me.
The trees are dancing in the wind.
4. Euphemism: This involves the presentation of an unpleasant thing or experience in a palatable way. In most cases, to remove the pain of sad or bad news.
E.g. The old man has kicked the bucket.
The king has joined his ancestors.
5. Irony: A figure of speech in which the ordinary or literal meaning of the word is more or less the opposite of what the speaker intends.
E.g. What a pretty state of affairs!
He jokingly describes the midget as a ‘very tall’ person.
6. Paradox: A statement which initially appears to be absurd or contradictory but which, on closer examination, contains an important truth.
E.g. Make haste slowly.
Attack is the best form of defence.
7. Pun: A play on words which have a similar sound but different meanings usually for humorous effect.
E.g. The dead drunkard was laid on his bier. (pun on beer/bier)
The minister claims he is a soul administrator (sole/soul)
8. Onomatopoeia: The formation of words in imitation of the actual sound made.
E.g. The hiss of a snake
The splash of water.
9. Rhetorical Question: A question for which no answer is expected; a statement made in the form of a question
E.g. Can the mountains be moved from their places?
Was there life before man?
10. Alliteration: The recurrence of the same sound at the beginning of words or within words.
E.g. Meat and meal are very similar in meaning but different in spelling.
Tuface is a very talented singer; he sings with style and grace.
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EVALUATION
Give two examples each on the following: (l) simile (ll) metaphor (lll) irony (lv) personification (v) pun (vi) onomatopoeia.
READING ASSIGNMENT
Lexical and Auxiliary verbs.
GENERAL EVALUATION
Theory
1. Write short notes on the following:
i. Alliteration
ii. Onomatopoeia
Speech Work
1. What are vowel sounds?
2. List out the twelve pure vowel sounds.
3. List out the eight diphthong sounds.
4. With two examples each, write out ten consonant sounds.
WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT
Revision and Tests Part 3, Page 61, Effective English.
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