Characteristics of Greek, Arabian, Egyptian, Roman and African Music Cultural and Creative Arts JSS 2 First Term Lesson Notes Week 10

Lesson Plan: Characteristics of Greek, Arabian, Egyptian, Roman, and African Music

Subject: Cultural and Creative Arts

Class: JSS 2

Term: First Term

Week: 10

Age: 12 years

Topic: Characteristics of Greek, Arabian, Egyptian, Roman, and African Music

Sub-topic: Characteristics and Instruments of Various Ancient Music Traditions

Duration: 40 minutes

Behavioural Objectives

By the end of the lesson, the pupils should be able to:

1. Identify the key characteristics of Greek music.
2. List instruments used in Arabian and Egyptian music.
3. Discuss the features of Roman and African music.
4. Compare the different music traditions.
5. State the role of music in different cultures.

Keywords

• Greek
• Arabian
• Egyptian
• Roman
• African

Set Induction

The teacher will ask the pupils if they listen to music at home and what type of music they like. This will spark their interest in learning about different musical cultures.

Entry Behaviour

Pupils are familiar with local music and musical instruments in their culture.

Learning Resources and Materials

• Images of musical instruments from different cultures
• Audio recordings of traditional music
• Chart showing ancient musical instruments

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge

The teacher connects the lesson to the pupils’ knowledge of music in Nigerian cultures, then relates it to other ancient cultures.

Embedded Core Skills

• Critical thinking
• Collaboration
• Communication

Reference Books

• Lagos State Scheme of Work
• Cultural and Creative Arts Textbook

Instructional Materials

• Pictures of Greek lyra, Roman brass instruments, African drums, and Arabian ‘ud
• Audio recordings of traditional music from various cultures

Content

1. Greek Music

• Recurrence of Greek Ideals: Revival of Greek tragedy led to opera and drama songs.
• Monophonic Structure: Composed of one melodic line without harmony.
• Religious Importance: Music was believed to have divine origins.
• Instruments: Lyra, kithara, aulos (double oboe).
• Folk Tradition: Greek folk music is rich and continues today.

2. Arabian Music

• Rich Melodies: Melodic structure allows for tonal variation and improvisation.
• Religious Connection: Singing and recitation of the Qur’an were closely linked.
• Instruments: ‘Ud (lute), reed flutes, drums.
• Diverse Styles: Different Arab nations have unique musical styles.

3. Egyptian Music

• Historical Influence: Egyptian music influenced Greek music.
• Instruments: Harp, lyre, ‘ud.
• Religious and Social Functions: Used for ceremonies and daily life.

4. Roman Music

• Brass Instruments: Romans developed brass instruments for military and religious ceremonies.
• Hydraulis Organ: They invented an organ powered by water pressure.
• Greek Influence: Roman music adopted many elements from Greek traditions.

5. African Music

• Repetition: Used to structure African music.
• Call and Response: Features conversational singing.
• Instruments: Drums, gongs, rattles, flutes, and whistles.
• Cultural Role: Music is used in communal events and rituals.

Evaluation:

1. Greek music is composed of one __________ line.
   a) harmonic
   b) melodic
   c) rhythmic
   d) noisy
2. The Greek term for music is __________.
   a) mousike
   b) melody
   c) opera
   d) rhythm
3. The __________ was a key instrument in Roman music.
   a) drum
   b) lyra
   c) hydraulis
   d) flute
4. African music uses __________ as an organizing principle.
   a) repetition
   b) harmony
   c) melody
   d) rhythm
5. __________ music includes the ‘ud instrument.
   a) African
   b) Greek
   c) Arabian
   d) Roman
6. Egyptian music influenced __________ music.
   a) Greek
   b) Roman
   c) African
   d) Arabian
7. __________ is used in Arabian music to provide rhythm.
   a) Flute
   b) Drum
   c) Piano
   d) Guitar
8. The Romans invented the __________ organ.
   a) wind
   b) string
   c) hydraulis
   d) reed
9. Call and response is a feature of __________ music.
   a) Roman
   b) African
   c) Greek
   d) Arabian
10. The __________ is an ancient Egyptian stringed instrument.
    a) harp
    b) flute
    c) drum
    d) piano

Class Activity Discussion:

1. What is the main feature of Greek music?
   Greek music is mainly monophonic, consisting of one melodic line.
2. How does Arabian music differ from others?
   Arabian music is richly melodic and allows for tonal variation.
3. What instrument is commonly associated with Egyptian music?
   The harp and lyre are key instruments in Egyptian music.
4. What is a hydraulis?
   It is a Roman organ powered by hydraulic air pressure.
5. What makes African music unique?
   African music often uses repetition and call and response in its structure.

Presentation

Step 1:
The teacher revises the previous topic on Production of Beads.

Step 2:
The teacher introduces the new topic by explaining that different cultures have their unique music styles and instruments, then describes each type (Greek, Arabian, Egyptian, Roman, and African).

Step 3:
The teacher asks the pupils to share examples of traditional music from their culture. The teacher corrects them when necessary.

Teacher’s Activities

• Display pictures of ancient instruments.
• Play audio recordings of different types of music.
• Ask questions to engage the class.

Learners’ Activities

• Observe the instruments shown.
• Listen to the music samples.
• Share their knowledge of their local music traditions.

Assessment (Evaluation Questions)

1. What is one characteristic of Greek music?
2. Name one instrument used in Arabian music.
3. How did Egyptian music influence Greek music?
4. What is the role of drums in African music?
5. What instrument did the Romans invent?
6. Give any three characteristics of African music.
7. Give two characteristics of roman music.
8. Write at least two characteristics of the following
9. Give two characteristics of Greek music.
10. Give two characteristics of Arabian music.
11. Give two characteristics of Egyptian music.

Conclusion

The teacher goes around to mark the pupils’ work and ensure they understand the characteristics of different types of music.

More Useful Links

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