Caring for Your Skin: Structure, Functions, and Hygiene Home Economics JSS 1 First Term Lesson Notes Week 5

Home Economics JSS 1 First Term Lesson Plan – Week 5

Subject: Home Economics
Class: JSS 1
Term: First Term
Week: 5
Age: 11-12 years
Topic: The Human Body: Structure and Parts of the Skin, Functions of the Skin, and Care of the Skin
Sub-topic: I. Structure and Parts of the Skin
II. Functions of the Skin
III. Care of the Skin
Duration: 40 minutes

Behavioural Objectives:

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

1. Identify the parts of the skin.
2. Explain the functions of the skin.
3. Describe how to care for the skin.
4. State the importance of personal hygiene related to the skin.

Keywords:

• Skin
• Epidermis
• Dermis
• Sweat Glands
• Sebum

Set Induction:

The teacher asks students to touch their skin and share how it feels, leading to a discussion about the importance of skin in the body.

Entry Behaviour:

Students are familiar with basic hygiene practices and can mention parts of their body.

Learning Resources and Materials:

• Charts showing the structure of the skin
• Soap and water
• Hand sanitizer
• Illustrative videos or images about skin care

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge:

Students know the importance of cleanliness and can mention body parts like the hands and face that need regular washing.

Embedded Core Skills:

• Critical thinking
• Health literacy
• Personal hygiene

Learning Materials:

• Lagos State Scheme of Work for Home Economics JSS 1
• Skin charts
• Hygiene kits (soap, sponge, etc.)

Reference Books:

• Lagos State Scheme of Work for JSS 1 Home Economics
• Basic Science and Home Economics textbooks

Instructional Materials:

• Diagram of skin structure
• Soap and water for demonstration
• Charts showing skin functions

Content:

The Structure and Parts of the Skin:

1. Epidermis: The outer layer of the skin.
2. Dermis: The inner layer containing blood vessels and nerves.
3. Sweat Glands: Produce sweat to cool the body.
4. Sebum: An oily substance that protects the skin.
5. Hair Follicles: From which hair grows.

Functions of the Skin:

1. Protects the body from germs.
2. Regulates body temperature through sweating.
3. Allows us to feel sensations like touch and pain.
4. Produces vitamin D when exposed to sunlight.
5. Helps remove waste through sweat.

Care of the Skin:

1. Wash the skin regularly with soap and water.
2. Avoid using harsh chemicals on the skin.
3. Use sunscreen to protect the skin from the sun.
4. Moisturize the skin to prevent dryness.
5. Eat a balanced diet to keep the skin healthy.

Evaluation (Fill-in-the-blank questions with options):

1. The outer layer of the skin is called the ______.
   a) Dermis
   b) Epidermis
   c) Sebum
   d) Hair follicle
2. The inner layer of the skin is the ______.
   a) Epidermis
   b) Sweat gland
   c) Dermis
   d) Sebum
3. Sweat glands help to ______.
   a) Remove oil
   b) Produce sebum
   c) Cool the body
   d) Grow hair
4. Sebum is an oily substance that ______ the skin.
   a) Protects
   b) Damages
   c) Dries
   d) Breaks
5. The skin produces vitamin D when exposed to ______.
   a) Water
   b) Chemicals
   c) Sunlight
   d) Soap
6. Regular skin washing helps remove ______.
   a) Dirt
   b) Vitamin D
   c) Sebum
   d) Blood
7. The ______ helps in removing waste from the body.
   a) Sebum
   b) Dermis
   c) Sweat glands
   d) Epidermis
8. The body feels touch through the ______.
   a) Dermis
   b) Epidermis
   c) Sweat glands
   d) Hair follicles
9. Using sunscreen helps protect the skin from ______.
   a) Germs
   b) Water
   c) Sun damage
   d) Dirt
10. The dermis contains ______ and blood vessels.
    a) Hair follicles
    b) Sweat glands
    c) Nerves
    d) All of the above

Class Activity Discussion (FAQs):

1. What is the largest organ in the human body?
   The skin.
2. What is the function of sweat glands?
   They help cool the body.
3. Why is it important to wash your skin regularly?
   To remove dirt and prevent infections.
4. What substance helps keep the skin oily?
   Sebum.
5. How does the skin help remove waste from the body?
   Through sweating.
6. What does the skin produce when exposed to sunlight?
   Vitamin D.
7. What should you use to clean your skin?
   Soap and water.
8. What layer of the skin contains blood vessels?
   The dermis.
9. Why should you use sunscreen?
   To protect the skin from sun damage.
10. What foods help keep the skin healthy?
    Fruits, vegetables, and water.

Presentation:

Step 1: The teacher revises the previous topic on the care of the ears and nose.
Step 2: The teacher introduces the new topic by explaining the structure, functions, and care of the skin.
Step 3: The teacher allows the students to describe how they care for their skin, and corrects any misconceptions.

Teacher’s Activities:

• Show diagrams of the skin and explain its parts.
• Demonstrate how to wash and care for the skin.
• Ask students questions to check their understanding.

Learners’ Activities:

• Observe the diagrams of the skin.
• Participate in a discussion about skin care.
• Answer the teacher’s questions.

Evaluation Questions:

1. What is the function of sweat glands?
2. Name two layers of the skin.
3. Why is it important to use sunscreen?
4. What does the skin produce when exposed to sunlight?
5. List two ways to care for the skin.
6. What is sebum?
7. How does the skin help regulate body temperature?
8. What layer of the skin contains hair follicles?
9. Name one function of the epidermis.
10. What should you use to wash your skin?

Conclusion:

The teacher will go around to check the students’ work, correct any mistakes, and remind them of the importance of taking care of their skin.

More Useful Links

• THE HANDS, FINGERS, NAILS, FEET AND TOES.
• GOOD POSTURE
• EXERCISES