HomePrimary 5Basic Science And TechnologySoap Making Vocational Aptitude Primary 5 Second Term Lesson Notes Week 11

Soap Making Vocational Aptitude Primary 5 Second Term Lesson Notes Week 11

Detailed Lesson Plan on Soap Making: Types of Soap, Ingredients for Soap Making, and Uses of Soap

Subject: Vocational Aptitude

Class: Primary 5

Term: Second Term

Week: 11

Age: 9–10 years

Topic: Soap Making

Sub-topic: Types of Soap, Ingredients for Soap Making, and Uses of Soap

Duration: 40 minutes

Behavioural Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

  1. Define soap and soap making.
  2. Identify types of soap.
  3. List the ingredients for soap making.
  4. Explain the uses of soap.
  5. State examples of soaps used daily.

Keywords

  • Soap
  • Ingredients
  • Detergent
  • Cleaning
  • Lather

Set Induction

The teacher displays different types of soap (bar soap, liquid soap, and detergent). The teacher asks pupils what they use soap for at home.

Entry Behaviour

Pupils are familiar with using soap for cleaning purposes, like washing clothes, plates, or their bodies.

Learning Resources and Materials

  • Samples of bar soap, liquid soap, and detergent.
  • Chart showing soap ingredients.

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge

The teacher relates soap making to the previous topic, “Beadwork,” emphasizing that both involve creating items that people use daily.

Embedded Core Skills

  • Creativity
  • Observation
  • Critical thinking
  • Environmental awareness

Learning Materials

  1. Lagos State Scheme of Work.
  2. Charts showing types of soap and their uses.

Instructional Materials

  • Bar soap
  • Liquid soap
  • Detergents
  • Measuring cups
  • Ingredients like oil, water, and caustic soda.

soap making caustic soda

Content

Definition of Soap and Soap Making

  1. Soap: A substance used for cleaning, made by mixing fats or oils with an alkali.
  2. Soap Making: The process of creating soap by combining oils, water, and a substance like caustic soda.

Types of Soap

  1. Bar Soap: Hard soap used for washing hands or clothes.
  2. Liquid Soap: Soap in liquid form, often used for handwashing or cleaning surfaces.
  3. Detergents: Synthetic cleaning agents used for washing clothes and dishes.
  4. Medicated Soap: Soap made with ingredients to treat skin conditions.
  5. Transparent Soap: Soap that is clear and often used for beauty purposes.

Ingredients for Soap Making

  1. Oil or Fat: Base ingredient (e.g., palm oil, coconut oil).
  2. Water: Used to mix the ingredients.
  3. Caustic Soda (Lye): The chemical that helps the oil turn into soap.
  4. Colorants: To give the soap a nice color.
  5. Fragrance: To make the soap smell good.

Uses of Soap

  1. Cleaning: Washing hands, clothes, and dishes.
  2. Bathing: Keeping the body clean.
  3. Removing Stains: Cleaning stubborn stains from surfaces.
  4. Skin Care: Medicated soaps help treat skin issues.
  5. Hygiene: Preventing germs and diseases.

Examples of Soaps

  1. Lux (Bar Soap)
  2. Morning Fresh (Liquid Soap)
  3. Omo (Detergent)
  4. Dettol (Medicated Soap)
  5. Pears (Transparent Soap)

Evaluation

15 Fill-in-the-Blank Questions with Options

  1. Soap is used for __________.
    (a) Eating (b) Cleaning (c) Writing (d) Sleeping
    Answer: b
  2. __________ soap is used for bathing.
    (a) Medicated (b) Transparent (c) Bar (d) All of the above
    Answer: d
  3. The process of making soap is called __________.
    (a) Cleaning (b) Soap making (c) Cooking (d) Washing
    Answer: b
  4. __________ is used to give soap a nice smell.
    (a) Oil (b) Water (c) Fragrance (d) Caustic soda
    Answer: c
  5. Transparent soap is used for __________ purposes.
    (a) Cooking (b) Beauty (c) Cleaning cars (d) Gardening
    Answer: b
  6. Caustic soda is also known as __________.
    (a) Water (b) Lye (c) Fragrance (d) Oil
    Answer: b
  7. Soap is made by mixing oil, water, and __________.
    (a) Sand (b) Paint (c) Caustic soda (d) Detergent
    Answer: c
  8. __________ is an example of liquid soap.
    (a) Omo (b) Morning Fresh (c) Lux (d) Dettol
    Answer: b
  9. Medicated soap helps in treating __________.
    (a) Furniture (b) Cars (c) Skin issues (d) Clothes
    Answer: c
  10. __________ is an ingredient used to add color to soap.
    (a) Caustic soda (b) Colorants (c) Oil (d) Detergent
    Answer: b
  11. Bar soap is __________ in form.
    (a) Liquid (b) Hard (c) Soft (d) Powder
    Answer: b
  12. Lux is an example of __________ soap.
    (a) Bar (b) Liquid (c) Transparent (d) Medicated
    Answer: a
  13. __________ is added to soap to make it smell nice.
    (a) Oil (b) Water (c) Fragrance (d) Fat
    Answer: c
  14. __________ is a synthetic cleaning agent.
    (a) Bar soap (b) Detergent (c) Liquid soap (d) Medicated soap
    Answer: b
  15. Soap helps to prevent __________.
    (a) Germs (b) Plants (c) Furniture (d) Buildings
    Answer: a

Class Activity Discussion: FAQs

  1. What is soap? A substance used for cleaning.
  2. What is soap making? The process of creating soap.
  3. Name three types of soap. Bar soap, liquid soap, and detergents.
  4. What are detergents used for? Washing clothes and dishes.
  5. What is caustic soda? A chemical used in soap making.
  6. What are oils used for in soap making? They are the base ingredient.
  7. Why is fragrance added to soap? To make it smell nice.
  8. What is transparent soap? Clear soap used for beauty purposes.
  9. Name one use of soap. Cleaning hands or surfaces.
  10. What type of soap is Dettol? Medicated soap.
  11. Why do we need soap? For hygiene and cleanliness.
  12. Can soap remove stains? Yes, it can.
  13. What is Lux used for? Bathing.
  14. Name one ingredient in soap making. Caustic soda.
  15. How does soap help in hygiene? By removing germs.

Teacher’s and Learners’ Activities

  1. Teacher’s Activities:
    • Explain the meaning of soap and soap making.
    • Display different types of soap.
    • List the ingredients used in soap making.
  2. Learners’ Activities:
    • Observe and identify types of soap.
    • Mention ingredients they know.
    • Participate in discussions.

Evaluation Questions

  1. Define soap.
  2. Name two types of soap.
  3. What is caustic soda used for?
  4. Mention two uses of soap.
  5. Name one synthetic cleaning agent.
  6. What is liquid soap used for?
  7. Why is fragrance added to soap?
  8. Name one example of transparent soap.
  9. What is the process of creating soap called?
  10. Mention two examples of soaps.

Conclusion

The teacher marks pupils’ work, provides corrections, and summarizes the topic.

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