Identification of Metals Exploring the Properties and Types of Metals Basic Technology JSS 1 First Term Lesson Notes Week 7

Basic Technology JSS 1 First Term Lesson Notes – Week 7

Subject: Basic Technology

Class: JSS 1

Term: First Term

Week: 7

Age: 10 – 12 years

Topic: Properties of Materials – Metals I

Sub-topics:

• I. Identification by their Physical Properties
• II. Types of Metals
• III. Alloys

Duration: 40 minutes

Behavioural Objectives:

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

1. Identify metals by their physical properties.
2. Differentiate between different types of metals.
3. Explain what alloys are and provide examples.
4. Understand the importance of metals in everyday life.

Keywords:

• Metals
• Physical properties
• Alloys
• Conductivity
• Strength

Set Induction:

Present various metal objects like coins, nails, and wires. Ask students to guess what they have in common.

Entry Behaviour:

Students have seen and used metal objects at home and in school, such as pots, utensils, and tools.

Learning Resources and Materials:

• Samples of metal objects (coins, nails, wires)
• Charts showing different types of metals and alloys
• Pictures of various metal applications

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge:

Students have learned about the properties and classification of wood. Now, they will explore the properties of metals.

Embedded Core Skills:

• Observation
• Critical thinking
• Problem-solving
• Analysis

Reference Books:

• Lagos State Scheme of Work
• Basic Technology Textbook for JSS 1

Instructional Materials:

• Samples of common metals
• Pictures of metal products
• Charts showing different types of metals and alloys

Content:

I. Identification by Physical Properties
Metals have distinct physical properties that make them easy to identify. These properties include:

1. Shininess: Most metals have a shiny surface when polished.
2. Conductivity: Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity.
3. Malleability: Metals can be hammered into thin sheets without breaking.
4. Ductility: Metals can be drawn into thin wires.
5. Strength: Metals are generally strong and can bear heavy loads.

II. Types of Metals
Metals are classified into two main types:

1. Ferrous Metals: These metals contain iron and are usually magnetic. Examples include steel and cast iron.
2. Non-Ferrous Metals: These metals do not contain iron and are non-magnetic. Examples include aluminum, copper, and gold.

III. Alloys
An alloy is a mixture of two or more metals to improve their properties. Alloys are often stronger and more durable than pure metals. Common alloys include:

1. Bronze: A mixture of copper and tin.
2. Brass: A combination of copper and zinc.
3. Steel: A mixture of iron and carbon, often used in construction.

Evaluation (Fill-in-the-blank questions):

1. Metals are identified by their __________ properties.
   a) chemical b) physical c) thermal d) light
2. One physical property of metal is __________.
   a) brittleness b) shininess c) dullness d) fragility
3. Metals are good conductors of __________.
   a) sound b) electricity c) air d) light
4. A metal that can be drawn into thin wires is called __________.
   a) brittle b) malleable c) ductile d) flexible
5. Ferrous metals contain __________.
   a) iron b) aluminum c) copper d) zinc
6. A common example of an alloy is __________.
   a) iron b) steel c) gold d) silver
7. Metals that do not contain iron are called __________.
   a) ferrous b) alloys c) non-ferrous d) brittle
8. Brass is an alloy made from copper and __________.
   a) iron b) zinc c) aluminum d) tin
9. Steel is a combination of __________ and carbon.
   a) iron b) zinc c) copper d) gold
10. Non-ferrous metals are usually __________.
    a) magnetic b) non-magnetic c) ferrous d) brittle
11. Metals that can be hammered into thin sheets are __________.
    a) brittle b) ductile c) malleable d) flexible
12. Bronze is an alloy of copper and __________.
    a) tin b) gold c) iron d) steel
13. Aluminum is an example of a __________ metal.
    a) ferrous b) non-ferrous c) brittle d) magnetic
14. The strength of metals makes them ideal for __________.
    a) decoration b) construction c) writing d) heating
15. One use of steel is in __________.
    a) furniture b) electronics c) construction d) clothing

Class Activity Discussion (FAQs):

1. What are the common physical properties of metals?
   Metals are shiny, conductive, malleable, ductile, and strong.
2. What is the difference between ferrous and non-ferrous metals?
   Ferrous metals contain iron, while non-ferrous metals do not.
3. Why are metals good conductors of electricity?
   They have free electrons that allow the flow of electric current.
4. What is malleability?
   Malleability is the ability of metals to be hammered into thin sheets.
5. What is ductility?
   Ductility is the ability of metals to be drawn into thin wires.
6. What is an alloy?
   An alloy is a mixture of two or more metals to enhance their properties.
7. Can you give examples of alloys?
   Examples of alloys include bronze, brass, and steel.
8. What are ferrous metals used for?
   They are commonly used in construction and manufacturing tools and machinery.
9. Why are non-ferrous metals important?
   Non-ferrous metals like copper and aluminum are used in electrical wiring and packaging.
10. What is steel, and where is it used?
    Steel is an alloy of iron and carbon used in construction, cars, and tools.
11. Why are metals used in construction?
    They are strong, durable, and can bear heavy loads.
12. How is brass used?
    Brass is used to make musical instruments, plumbing fixtures, and decorative items.
13. What makes bronze different from copper?
    Bronze is an alloy made from copper and tin, making it stronger than pure copper.
14. What is the main property of ferrous metals?
    They are magnetic because they contain iron.
15. How are alloys useful in daily life?
    Alloys are used to make stronger and more durable materials for construction, tools, and machinery.

Presentation:

Step 1: The teacher revises the previous lesson on “Wood: Properties and Uses.”
Step 2: The teacher introduces the new topic by explaining the physical properties of metals and their classification.
Step 3: The teacher engages students by asking them to observe and describe various metal objects, and then introduces alloys.

Teacher’s Activities:

• Display different metal objects for students to observe.
• Explain the physical properties of metals, such as shininess and conductivity.
• Introduce the concept of alloys and provide examples like steel, bronze, and brass.

Learners’ Activities:

• Identify the properties of metals by observing samples provided.
• Participate in discussions on the differences between ferrous and non-ferrous metals.
• Take notes on alloys and their uses in daily life.

Assessment:

1. What is malleability?
2. Define ferrous metals.
3. Give two examples of non-ferrous metals.
4. What is an alloy?
5. How is steel made?
6. Why are metals used in electrical wiring?
7. Mention two properties of metals.
8. What is ductility?
9. List one use of copper.
10. How is bronze different from brass?

Evaluation Questions (Short Answer):

1. What makes metals shiny?
2. Name a common ferrous metal.
3. What is an alloy?
4. How are metals used in construction?
5. Why is steel important?
6. Give an example of a non-ferrous metal.
7. Define ductility.
8. How are alloys stronger than pure metals?
9. What is brass made from?
10. Why are metals good conductors of heat?

Conclusion:

The teacher summarizes the lesson by reviewing the physical properties, types, and uses of metals, including alloys. The students’ notes are checked for accuracy, and any needed corrections are made.

More Useful Links

• Understanding the Properties and Uses of Wood Basic Technology JSS 1 First Term Lesson Notes Week 6
• Properties and Classification of Wood Basic Technology JSS 1 First Term Lesson Notes Week 5
• Workshop Safety II Basic Technology JSS 1 First Term Lesson Notes Week 4