Identification of Metals Exploring the Properties and Types of Metals Basic Technology JSS 1 First Term Lesson Notes Week 7
Basic Technology JSS 1 First Term Lesson Notes – Week 7
Subject: Basic Technology
Class: JSS 1
Term: First Term
Week: 7
Age: 10 – 12 years
Topic: Properties of Materials – Metals I
Sub-topics:
- I. Identification by their Physical Properties
- II. Types of Metals
- III. Alloys
Duration: 40 minutes
Behavioural Objectives:
By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
- Identify metals by their physical properties.
- Differentiate between different types of metals.
- Explain what alloys are and provide examples.
- Understand the importance of metals in everyday life.
Keywords:
- Metals
- Physical properties
- Alloys
- Conductivity
- Strength
Set Induction:
Present various metal objects like coins, nails, and wires. Ask students to guess what they have in common.
Entry Behaviour:
Students have seen and used metal objects at home and in school, such as pots, utensils, and tools.
Learning Resources and Materials:
- Samples of metal objects (coins, nails, wires)
- Charts showing different types of metals and alloys
- Pictures of various metal applications
Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge:
Students have learned about the properties and classification of wood. Now, they will explore the properties of metals.
Embedded Core Skills:
- Observation
- Critical thinking
- Problem-solving
- Analysis
Reference Books:
- Lagos State Scheme of Work
- Basic Technology Textbook for JSS 1
Instructional Materials:
- Samples of common metals
- Pictures of metal products
- Charts showing different types of metals and alloys
Content:
I. Identification by Physical Properties
Metals have distinct physical properties that make them easy to identify. These properties include:
- Shininess: Most metals have a shiny surface when polished.
- Conductivity: Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity.
- Malleability: Metals can be hammered into thin sheets without breaking.
- Ductility: Metals can be drawn into thin wires.
- Strength: Metals are generally strong and can bear heavy loads.
II. Types of Metals
Metals are classified into two main types:
- Ferrous Metals: These metals contain iron and are usually magnetic. Examples include steel and cast iron.
- Non-Ferrous Metals: These metals do not contain iron and are non-magnetic. Examples include aluminum, copper, and gold.
III. Alloys
An alloy is a mixture of two or more metals to improve their properties. Alloys are often stronger and more durable than pure metals. Common alloys include:
- Bronze: A mixture of copper and tin.
- Brass: A combination of copper and zinc.
- Steel: A mixture of iron and carbon, often used in construction.
Evaluation (Fill-in-the-blank questions):
- Metals are identified by their __________ properties.
a) chemical b) physical c) thermal d) light - One physical property of metal is __________.
a) brittleness b) shininess c) dullness d) fragility - Metals are good conductors of __________.
a) sound b) electricity c) air d) light - A metal that can be drawn into thin wires is called __________.
a) brittle b) malleable c) ductile d) flexible - Ferrous metals contain __________.
a) iron b) aluminum c) copper d) zinc - A common example of an alloy is __________.
a) iron b) steel c) gold d) silver - Metals that do not contain iron are called __________.
a) ferrous b) alloys c) non-ferrous d) brittle - Brass is an alloy made from copper and __________.
a) iron b) zinc c) aluminum d) tin - Steel is a combination of __________ and carbon.
a) iron b) zinc c) copper d) gold - Non-ferrous metals are usually __________.
a) magnetic b) non-magnetic c) ferrous d) brittle - Metals that can be hammered into thin sheets are __________.
a) brittle b) ductile c) malleable d) flexible - Bronze is an alloy of copper and __________.
a) tin b) gold c) iron d) steel - Aluminum is an example of a __________ metal.
a) ferrous b) non-ferrous c) brittle d) magnetic - The strength of metals makes them ideal for __________.
a) decoration b) construction c) writing d) heating - One use of steel is in __________.
a) furniture b) electronics c) construction d) clothing
Class Activity Discussion (FAQs):
- What are the common physical properties of metals?
Metals are shiny, conductive, malleable, ductile, and strong. - What is the difference between ferrous and non-ferrous metals?
Ferrous metals contain iron, while non-ferrous metals do not. - Why are metals good conductors of electricity?
They have free electrons that allow the flow of electric current. - What is malleability?
Malleability is the ability of metals to be hammered into thin sheets. - What is ductility?
Ductility is the ability of metals to be drawn into thin wires. - What is an alloy?
An alloy is a mixture of two or more metals to enhance their properties. - Can you give examples of alloys?
Examples of alloys include bronze, brass, and steel. - What are ferrous metals used for?
They are commonly used in construction and manufacturing tools and machinery. - Why are non-ferrous metals important?
Non-ferrous metals like copper and aluminum are used in electrical wiring and packaging. - What is steel, and where is it used?
Steel is an alloy of iron and carbon used in construction, cars, and tools. - Why are metals used in construction?
They are strong, durable, and can bear heavy loads. - How is brass used?
Brass is used to make musical instruments, plumbing fixtures, and decorative items. - What makes bronze different from copper?
Bronze is an alloy made from copper and tin, making it stronger than pure copper. - What is the main property of ferrous metals?
They are magnetic because they contain iron. - How are alloys useful in daily life?
Alloys are used to make stronger and more durable materials for construction, tools, and machinery.
Presentation:
Step 1: The teacher revises the previous lesson on “Wood: Properties and Uses.”
Step 2: The teacher introduces the new topic by explaining the physical properties of metals and their classification.
Step 3: The teacher engages students by asking them to observe and describe various metal objects, and then introduces alloys.
Teacher’s Activities:
- Display different metal objects for students to observe.
- Explain the physical properties of metals, such as shininess and conductivity.
- Introduce the concept of alloys and provide examples like steel, bronze, and brass.
Learners’ Activities:
- Identify the properties of metals by observing samples provided.
- Participate in discussions on the differences between ferrous and non-ferrous metals.
- Take notes on alloys and their uses in daily life.
Assessment:
- What is malleability?
- Define ferrous metals.
- Give two examples of non-ferrous metals.
- What is an alloy?
- How is steel made?
- Why are metals used in electrical wiring?
- Mention two properties of metals.
- What is ductility?
- List one use of copper.
- How is bronze different from brass?
Evaluation Questions (Short Answer):
- What makes metals shiny?
- Name a common ferrous metal.
- What is an alloy?
- How are metals used in construction?
- Why is steel important?
- Give an example of a non-ferrous metal.
- Define ductility.
- How are alloys stronger than pure metals?
- What is brass made from?
- Why are metals good conductors of heat?
Conclusion:
The teacher summarizes the lesson by reviewing the physical properties, types, and uses of metals, including alloys. The students’ notes are checked for accuracy, and any needed corrections are made.