Skin Infections and Diseases, Prevention and Care of Skin Infections Home Economics Primary 3 Second Term Lesson Notes Week 5

Comprehensive Lesson Plan

Subject: Home Economics

Class: Primary 3

Term: Second Term

Week: 5

Age: 7 – 8 years

Topic: Skin Infections and Diseases, Prevention and Care of Skin Infections

Sub-topic: Identifying Skin Infections and Preventing Skin Diseases

Duration: 40 minutes

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Behavioural Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Identify common skin infections and diseases.
2. Explain the causes and symptoms of skin infections.
3. List the prevention and care methods for skin infections.
4. Demonstrate proper skin care practices to prevent infections.

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Keywords

Skin infections, bacteria, fungi, acne, eczema, hygiene, prevention, care, rash, redness, itching, washing, protection.

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Set Induction

The teacher shows pictures of healthy and infected skin. The teacher asks, “What do you notice about the two pictures?” and discusses the importance of skin health and cleanliness.

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Entry Behaviour

Students likely have some basic knowledge about personal cleanliness but may need to learn about different skin infections and how to prevent them.

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Learning Resources and Materials

• Pictures of different types of skin infections (e.g., acne, eczema, ringworm).
• Flashcards showing prevention methods for skin diseases.
• Skin care products (soap, lotion, and disinfectant).
• A sample of skin infection (image or chart).

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Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge

Pupils may know that keeping the skin clean is important for health. The teacher can ask, “What happens when you don’t wash your face or body properly?” to activate prior knowledge.

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Embedded Core Skills

• Health and safety practices.
• Critical thinking (understanding causes and solutions).
• Communication (explaining skin infection prevention).

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Learning Materials

• Lagos State Scheme of Work for Home Economics.
• Textbooks on Personal Care and Hygiene.

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Reference Books

1. Lagos State Scheme of Work for Home Economics.
2. Personal Hygiene and Skin Care for Primary Schools.

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Instructional Materials

• Pictures or flashcards showing common skin infections and prevention methods.
• Skin care products and tools.
• Posters with hygiene tips and infection prevention steps.

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Content

Common Skin Infections and Diseases

1. Acne:
   • Pimple-like bumps on the skin, often on the face.
   • Caused by blocked pores and excess oil.
   • Common during puberty but can affect people of all ages.
2. Eczema:
   • A skin condition that causes itching, redness, and inflammation.
   • Can be triggered by allergies, stress, or irritants.
3. Ringworm:
   • A fungal infection that causes circular, red rashes on the skin.
   • It can spread from person to person.
4. Chickenpox:
   • A viral infection that causes an itchy rash with red spots.
   • Spreads easily through coughing, sneezing, or direct contact.
5. Impetigo:
   • A bacterial skin infection that causes red sores and blisters.
   • Common in young children and spreads easily.

Prevention and Care of Skin Infections

1. Proper Hygiene:
   • Wash your hands and body regularly with soap and clean water.
   • Avoid sharing towels, combs, or clothing to prevent the spread of infections.
2. Protecting the Skin:
   • Wear protective clothing like hats and sunscreen to avoid sunburn and other infections.
   • Avoid scratching or touching infected skin to prevent the spread.
3. Healthy Diet:
   • Eat foods rich in vitamins and minerals to keep the skin healthy.
4. Seek Medical Help:
   • If you notice any unusual rashes or infections, visit the doctor for treatment.
5. Use of Creams and Ointments:
   • Apply prescribed creams or ointments to treat infections such as acne or eczema.

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Evaluation Questions

Fill-in-the-blank questions:

1. __________ is a common skin infection caused by blocked pores. (a) Acne, b) Ringworm, c) Chickenpox, d) Eczema)
2. A __________ infection causes itchy, circular red rashes. (a) Fungal, b) Bacterial, c) Viral, d) Bacterial)
3. __________ is a skin condition that causes redness and itching, often triggered by allergies. (a) Eczema, b) Acne, c) Impetigo, d) Chickenpox)
4. Skin infections can be prevented by practicing __________. (a) good hygiene, b) sleeping, c) running, d) sharing clothes)
5. Wearing __________ protects your skin from sunburn. (a) sunscreen, b) soap, c) clothes, d) lotion)
6. Ringworm is caused by __________. (a) bacteria, b) fungi, c) viruses, d) allergies)
7. __________ is a bacterial infection that causes red sores and blisters. (a) Impetigo, b) Chickenpox, c) Acne, d) Eczema)
8. __________ can help in treating skin infections like eczema and acne. (a) Medicine, b) Ice cream, c) Water, d) Creams and ointments)
9. It is important to avoid __________ to prevent spreading skin infections. (a) scratching, b) playing, c) resting, d) eating)
10. __________ can spread easily through direct contact with infected skin. (a) Chickenpox, b) Eczema, c) Acne, d) Impetigo)
11. Healthy skin requires a diet rich in __________. (a) vitamins, b) sugars, c) junk food, d) salt)
12. __________ causes a red, itchy rash that appears with spots on the skin. (a) Chickenpox, b) Eczema, c) Impetigo, d) Acne)
13. You should wash your body and hands with __________ to prevent skin infections. (a) soap, b) sand, c) oil, d) water)
14. Skin infections are caused by __________, fungi, or viruses. (a) bacteria, b) food, c) air, d) weather)
15. The best way to prevent skin infections is to maintain __________. (a) cleanliness, b) anger, c) stress, d) coldness)

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Class Activity Discussion

FAQs:

1. What is acne? Acne is a skin problem where pimples appear on the face due to blocked pores.
2. How does eczema affect the skin? It causes itching, redness, and can make the skin inflamed.
3. Can I catch ringworm? Yes, ringworm is contagious and can be spread through contact with infected skin.
4. What causes chickenpox? Chickenpox is caused by a virus and spreads easily.
5. How do I prevent acne? Wash your face regularly with gentle soap and avoid touching your face.
6. What should I do if I have eczema? Use prescribed ointments and avoid scratching the itchy areas.
7. Can I treat ringworm at home? Yes, but it’s best to visit a doctor for proper treatment.
8. How can I stop impetigo from spreading? Keep sores clean, avoid scratching, and wash hands frequently.
9. Why is it important to wash hands regularly? It helps prevent the spread of bacteria and infections.
10. How does sun exposure affect the skin? It can cause sunburn and increase the risk of skin infections.
11. Can sharing towels cause skin infections? Yes, sharing towels can spread infections like ringworm or impetigo.
12. What happens if I don’t take care of my skin? You could develop skin infections like acne or eczema.
13. How can I protect my skin from the sun? Wear sunscreen and protective clothing.
14. What should I do if I notice an infection? Visit a doctor for treatment.
15. Can a healthy diet improve my skin? Yes, eating foods rich in vitamins can help keep your skin healthy.

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Presentation Structure

1. Step 1: Revise any previous topics on personal hygiene.
2. Step 2: Introduce skin infections, explaining their causes and symptoms.
3. Step 3: Explain the prevention and care methods for skin infections.
4. Step 4: Show students how to practice good skin care.
5. Step 5: Encourage questions and provide feedback on students’ contributions.

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Teacher’s Activities

1. Explain and describe the different types of skin infections with visual aids.
2. Demonstrate skin care practices and explain prevention tips.
3. Answer any questions the students may have.

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Learners’ Activities

1. Listen to the teacher’s explanation of skin infections.
2. Participate in discussions and share their understanding.
3. Complete the evaluation questions.
4. Demonstrate the proper skin care routine.

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Assessment

Short-answer questions:

1. What causes acne?
2. How can you prevent eczema?
3. What is the treatment for ringworm?
4. How do you avoid spreading impetigo?
5. What can you do to keep your skin healthy?

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Conclusion

The teacher reviews the key points, emphasizing the importance of proper hygiene to prevent skin infections. The teacher marks and provides feedback on student work, reinforcing the importance of good skin care practices for maintaining healthy skin.