Farmer’s Friends The Earthworms Importance and Usefulness To Farmers Agricultural Science Primary 2 Third Term Lesson Notes Week 1

Subject: Agricultural Science
Class: Primary 2
Term: Third Term
Week: 1
Topic: Farmer’s Friends: The Earthworms
Sub-topic: Importance and Usefulness To Farmers
Duration: 40 minutes

Behavioural Objectives:

• By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to explain what earthworms are and why they are important to farmers.
• Pupils should be able to identify the habitat of earthworms and describe their characteristics.

Key Words:

• Farmers
• Earthworms
• Soil
• Burrows
• Moist
• Nutrients
• Fertility

Entry Behaviour:
The teacher asks questions to recall previous knowledge about farming and living things in the soil.

Learning Resources and Materials:

• Pictures of earthworms and farms
• Soil samples
• Whiteboard and markers
• Storybooks about earthworms
• Reference books (Lagos State Scheme of Work)

Building Background /Connection to Prior Knowledge:
The teacher reminds pupils about the work farmers do on the farm and asks if they know about any creatures that help farmers.

Embedded Core Skills:

• Observing
• Describing
• Comparing
• Inferring

Learning Materials:
Pupils will have access to pictures, soil samples, and storybooks about earthworms.

Instructional Materials:
The teacher will use visual aids, such as pictures and soil samples, to enhance understanding.

Content:

Title: Earthworms: Farmer’s Helpful Helpers

1. Soil Loosening: Earthworms loosen the soil so farmers can plant seeds 🌱.
2. Making Soil Soft: They make the soil soft like a fluffy pillow for plants to grow 🌱.
3. Adding Nutrients: Earthworms put yummy food in the soil for plants to eat 🥦.
4. Moisture Magic: They keep the soil wet, like a sponge, so plants can drink water 💧.
5. Burrow Builders: Earthworms make homes underground like little architects 🏠.
6. Colorful Critters: Earthworms are pink, brown, or gray, like tiny rainbows in the soil 🌈.

Evaluation:

1. Earthworms are helpful to farmers because they make the soil _______. a) hard b) loose c) dry d) hot
2. Farmers grow food crops to _______. a) eat b) play c) sleep d) read
3. Earthworms live in the _______. a) sky b) water c) soil d) tree
4. Earthworms dig _______ in the soil. a) houses b) tunnels c) schools d) cars
5. Most earthworms are _______ in color. a) green b) blue c) gray reddish d) yellow
6. Earthworms eat _______ and grasses. a) rocks b) trees c) herbs d) toys
7. Farmers till the land to make it _______. a) hard b) loose c) wet d) dark
8. Earthworms help to add _______ to the soil. a) toys b) nutrients c) books d) shoes
9. Earthworms make the soil _______ for plants to grow. a) hard b) dry c) soft d) cold
10. Farmers sell cash crops to _______ money. a) eat b) play c) make d) study
11. Earthworms live where the soil is _______. a) dry b) moist c) hot d) cold
12. Earthworms are called farmer’s friends because they help to make the soil _______. a) hard b) dry c) wet d) loose
13. Earthworms add _______ to the soil. a) trash b) nutrients c) rocks d) water
14. Earthworms make _______ in the soil. a) toys b) houses c) burrows d) cars
15. Farmers work on the farm to produce _______. a) food crops b) clothes c) cars d) toys

Class Activity Discussion :

1. : What do farmers do on the farm?
   • Answer: Farmers grow food crops we eat and cash crops we sell for money.
2. : Why do farmers till the land?
   • Answer: Farmers till the land to make it loose for planting seeds.
3. : What creatures help farmers on the farm?
   • Answer: Earthworms are one example of creatures that help farmers.
4. : What is an earthworm like?
   • Answer: An earthworm is long, moist, and doesn’t have legs or fingers.
5. : What do earthworms eat?
   • Answer: Earthworms eat herbs and grasses.
6. : What color are most earthworms?
   • Answer: Most earthworms are gray reddish in color.
7. : Where do earthworms live?
   • Answer: Earthworms live in burrows in the soil or where there’s moist soil or dead leaves.
8. : Where can earthworms sometimes be found?
   • Answer: Sometimes earthworms are found in water drainage in bathrooms or kitchens.
9. : What is the natural home of earthworms?
   • Answer: The forest among dead leaves and shrubs is the natural home of earthworms.
10. : Why are earthworms called farmers’ friends?
    • Answer: Earthworms help farmers by loosening the soil, making it moist, and adding nutrients and fertility.
11. : How do earthworms help loosen the soil?
    • Answer: Earthworms dig burrows in the soil, making it loose and easier for plants to grow.
12. : How do earthworms make the soil moist?
    • Answer: Earthworms keep the soil wet, like a sponge, so plants can drink water.
13. : What do earthworms add to the soil?
    • Answer: Earthworms add nutrients and fertility to the soil, like yummy food for plants.
14. : Why is it good for the soil to be soft?
    • Answer: Soft soil is good for plants because their roots can grow easily and find food.
15. : How do farmers benefit from earthworms?
    • Answer: Farmers benefit from earthworms because they help grow healthy crops, which can be sold for money.

Presentation :

1. Revising Previous Topic:
   • The teacher revises the previous topic about farming and the role of farmers.
2. Introduction of New Topic:
   • The teacher introduces the new topic: “Farmer’s Friends: The Earthworms.”
   • The teacher explains that earthworms are small creatures found in the soil that help farmers.
3. Allowing Pupils Contributions:
   • The teacher encourages pupils to share what they know about earthworms.
   • Pupils are given opportunities to ask questions and express their thoughts.
4. Teacher’s Activities:
   • The teacher shows pictures of earthworms and explains their characteristics.
   • The teacher demonstrates how earthworms move and live in the soil.
   • The teacher discusses the importance of earthworms to farmers.
5. Learners Activities:
   • Pupils observe pictures of earthworms and soil samples.
   • Pupils describe the characteristics of earthworms.
   • Pupils participate in discussions and ask questions.

Assessment:

• The teacher assesses pupils’ understanding through questioning during the lesson.
• The teacher observes pupils’ participation and engagement in activities.

Evaluation Questions:

1. What do farmers do on the farm?
2. Where do earthworms live?
3. What do earthworms eat?
4. Why are earthworms called farmer’s friends?
5. How do earthworms help farmers?
6. Describe the characteristics of earthworms.
7. Why is soil important for farming?
8. How can farmers benefit from earthworms?
9. Where can earthworms be found?
10. What color are most earthworms?

Conclusion:

• The teacher goes around to mark pupils’ work and provides feedback.
• The teacher ensures that pupils have a good understanding of the importance of earthworms to farmers