Classification of Matter for JSS 1 – Basic Science Lesson
Classification of Matter – JSS 1 Basic Science Lesson Plan
Subject: Basic Science
Class: JSS 1 (Basic 7)
Term: Second Term
Week: 7
Age: 10 – 12 years
Topic: Classification of Matter
Sub-topic: States of Matter and Their Properties
Duration: 40 minutes
Behavioural Objectives
By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
- Define matter.
- List and explain the states of matter.
- Differentiate between solids, liquids, and gases.
- Explain how a solid can change into a liquid.
- State the meaning of the boiling point.
- List three properties of solids, liquids, and gases.
Keywords
- Matter – Anything that has mass and occupies space.
- Solid – A state of matter with a fixed shape and volume.
- Liquid – A state of matter that takes the shape of its container but has a definite volume.
- Gas – A state of matter that has no fixed shape or volume.
- Boiling Point – The temperature at which a liquid turns into a gas.
Set Induction
The teacher will present different objects (a rock, water in a cup, and an inflated balloon) and ask students:
- What do these objects have in common?
- Can we classify them based on their properties?
This will spark curiosity and introduce the topic.
Entry Behaviour
Students have learned about matter in previous lessons.
Learning Resources and Materials
- Wall charts
- Pictures
- Water, stone, and balloon
- Online resources
- Textbooks
Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge
Students have previously learned about the meaning of matter. This lesson builds on that knowledge by classifying matter into different states.
Embedded Core Skills
- Observation
- Critical thinking
- Communication
- Classification
- Scientific reasoning
Learning Materials
- Lagos State Scheme of Work
- Basic Science Textbooks
- Visual charts on states of matter
Instructional Materials
- Balloons (for gas demonstration)
- Ice cubes (to show solid to liquid change)
- Water bottles (to explain liquid properties)
Content
1. Meaning of Matter
Matter is anything that:
- Has mass (can be weighed).
- Occupies space (takes up room).
Examples: Rock, water, air, paper, animals, plants.
2. States of Matter
Matter exists in three states:
- Solid
- Has a fixed shape and definite volume.
- Particles are tightly packed.
- Cannot be compressed.
- Examples: Rock, wood, ice, metal, glass.
- Liquid
- Takes the shape of its container but has fixed volume.
- Particles are loosely arranged.
- Can flow.
- Examples: Water, oil, milk, blood, juice.
- Gas
- Has no fixed shape or volume.
- Particles move freely.
- Can be compressed.
- Examples: Air, oxygen, steam, carbon dioxide.
3. Changes of State
- Melting: When a solid changes to a liquid (e.g., ice melting to water).
- Boiling: When a liquid changes to gas at a fixed temperature.
Examples of Solids, Liquids, and Gases
Solids:
- Stone
- Glass
- Wood
- Sugar
- Ice
Liquids:
- Water
- Oil
- Milk
- Blood
- Juice
Gases:
- Oxygen
- Steam
- Air
- Carbon dioxide
- Nitrogen
Evaluation (Fill-in-the-Blank Questions)
Choose the correct option (a, b, c, or d).
- Matter is anything that has ______ and occupies space.
a) Color
b) Smell
c) Mass
d) Taste - A solid has a definite ______.
a) Shape and volume
b) Shape but no volume
c) Volume but no shape
d) No shape or volume - Which of these is an example of a gas?
a) Milk
b) Oxygen
c) Stone
d) Ice - Liquids take the shape of their ______.
a) Container
b) Hands
c) Space
d) Air - When a solid melts, it changes into a ______.
a) Gas
b) Liquid
c) Solid
d) Ice - The temperature at which a liquid changes to gas is called ______.
a) Freezing point
b) Boiling point
c) Melting point
d) Condensation point - The particles in a gas are ______.
a) Packed tightly together
b) Far apart and move freely
c) Slightly touching
d) Stuck together - An example of a solid is ______.
a) Water
b) Air
c) Metal
d) Blood - Which of these can be compressed easily?
a) Solid
b) Liquid
c) Gas
d) Ice - What happens when water boils?
a) It turns into ice
b) It turns into steam
c) It turns into oil
d) It disappears
Class Activity Discussion (FAQs with Answers)
- What is matter?
- Anything that has mass and occupies space.
- How many states of matter exist?
- Three: Solid, liquid, and gas.
- What is an example of a solid?
- Stone, wood, glass, etc.
- How do we identify a liquid?
- It has a definite volume but no fixed shape.
- Can gas be seen?
- No, but we can feel it (e.g., wind).
- What happens when you boil water?
- It turns into steam (gas).
- Why do solids have a fixed shape?
- Because their particles are tightly packed.
- What is the boiling point of water?
- 100°C.
- Can solids flow like liquids?
- No, only liquids and gases can flow.
- What happens when a gas is compressed?
- Its particles move closer together.
Presentation Steps
- Teacher revises the previous topic (Matter).
- Teacher introduces the new topic (Classification of Matter).
- Teacher allows pupils to contribute by giving examples.
- Teacher corrects misconceptions.
Teacher’s Activities
- Shows real-life examples of solids, liquids, and gases.
- Demonstrates melting and boiling using ice and water.
- Asks students to classify objects around them.
Learners’ Activities
- Observe teacher’s demonstrations.
- Identify objects as solid, liquid, or gas.
- Answer teacher’s questions.
Evaluation Questions (Short Answers)
- Define matter.
- Name the three states of matter.
- Give two examples of solids.
- What happens when a solid is heated?
- Define boiling point.
- Give two examples of gases.
- Why do liquids take the shape of their container?
- Can gases be compressed?
- Name one property of a solid.
- What state of matter is air?
Conclusion
The teacher summarizes the lesson, corrects mistakes, and marks students’ work.
