Understanding Matter: Definition, Examples, and States for JSS 1
Lesson Plan on Matter for JSS 1 (Basic 7) – Week 6
Subject: Basic Science
Class: JSS 1 (Basic 7)
Term: Second Term
Week: 6
Age: 10 – 12 years
Topic: Matter
Sub-topic: Meaning and Identification of Matter
Duration: 40 Minutes
Behavioural Objectives
By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
- Define matter.
- Identify examples of matter.
- Explain the classification of matter.
- Describe an experiment to show that particles move from one place to another.
- Explain why some substances dissolve in water while others do not.
- Describe why a gurgling sound is heard when emptying a bottle full of liquid.
- Suggest a method of transferring air from one container to another.
Keywords
- Matter
- Mass
- Space
- Atoms
- Solid
- Liquid
- Gas
Set Induction
The teacher shows students different objects such as a stone, paper, water, and air-filled balloon. The teacher asks, “What do these objects have in common?” This engages students in thinking about the concept of matter.
Entry Behaviour
Students already understand basic scientific concepts such as energy, seasons, and climate from previous lessons.
Learning Resources and Materials
- Wall charts showing states of matter
- Pictures of solids, liquids, and gases
- Balloons, water, and paper
- Online resources and videos on matter
- Science textbooks
Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge
Students have encountered different materials in their daily lives. This lesson will help them classify and understand these materials as matter.
Embedded Core Skills
- Observation
- Critical thinking
- Communication
- Experimentation
Learning Materials
- Lagos State Scheme of Work for Basic Science
- Basic Science Textbooks (NERDC, MAN)
Instructional Materials
- Chart displaying the three states of matter
- A bottle of water
- Balloons
- A beaker and sugar to demonstrate solubility
Lesson Content
Sub-topic 1: Meaning of Matter
- Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space.
- Everything around us is made up of matter.
- Matter is composed of tiny particles called atoms.
- It can be found in different forms such as solid, liquid, and gas.
- Matter can change from one form to another through processes like melting, evaporation, and condensation.
Examples of Matter
- Water
- Air
- Stone
- Book
- Human beings
- Oxygen
- Sugar
- Chair
- Tree
- Car
Sub-topic 2: Identification of Matter
- Matter is classified into three states:
- Solids: Have a fixed shape and volume (e.g., stone, table, book).
- Liquids: Have a definite volume but take the shape of the container (e.g., water, oil, juice).
- Gases: Have no fixed shape or volume (e.g., air, oxygen, steam).
- Matter can exist naturally or be artificially created.
- Matter can undergo physical and chemical changes.
- Matter can be observed using our senses (sight, touch, smell, taste, and hearing).
Evaluation
Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
- Matter is anything that has ______ and occupies ______.
a) size, shape
b) mass, space
c) weight, volume
d) density, energy - The smallest unit of matter is called ______.
a) atom
b) molecule
c) cell
d) element - ______ is an example of gas.
a) Stone
b) Ice
c) Oxygen
d) Oil - Which of the following is a liquid?
a) Wood
b) Air
c) Water
d) Iron - Matter is classified into ______ states.
a) Two
b) Three
c) Four
d) Five - Water can change into ice through ______.
a) Boiling
b) Evaporation
c) Freezing
d) Condensation - A solid has a fixed ______ and ______.
a) shape, volume
b) mass, size
c) density, pressure
d) temperature, area - When a liquid turns into gas, it is called ______.
a) Freezing
b) Evaporation
c) Melting
d) Condensation - An example of an artificial matter is ______.
a) Air
b) Stone
c) Plastic
d) Water - ______ can change its shape depending on its container.
a) Solid
b) Liquid
c) Gas
d) All of the above
Class Activity Discussion (FAQs and Answers)
- What is matter?
Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. - What are the three states of matter?
Solid, liquid, and gas. - How do we know that matter exists?
Matter can be seen, touched, and measured. - What is an example of a solid?
A table, stone, or book. - Why does air occupy space?
Air fills balloons and tires, proving it has volume. - How can we show that matter has mass?
By weighing objects on a scale. - Why does ice melt?
Ice melts when heated because it changes from solid to liquid. - What is the process of liquid turning into gas?
Evaporation. - What happens when you compress gas?
It reduces in volume but still occupies space. - Can matter be destroyed?
No, it only changes form.
Presentation Steps
- The teacher revises the previous lesson on eclipse, climate, and seasons.
- The teacher introduces the topic by explaining matter using real-life examples.
- The teacher allows students to mention examples of matter and corrects them when needed.
Teacher’s Activities
- Shows students different objects and asks them to classify them as solids, liquids, or gases.
- Demonstrates an experiment on solubility using sugar and water.
- Conducts a demonstration on air transfer using balloons and bottles.
Learners’ Activities
- Observe and classify objects into solids, liquids, and gases.
- Participate in an experiment to see how matter behaves.
- Answer questions and give examples of matter.
Evaluation Questions (Short Answers)
- Define matter.
- Name the three states of matter.
- Give two examples of solids.
- Why does ice melt?
- Name two substances that dissolve in water.
- What happens when a gas is compressed?
- Give two examples of gases.
- What is the process of a liquid turning into gas?
- Name a liquid that is not water.
- Explain why air is considered matter.
Conclusion
The teacher marks students’ work, provides corrections, and gives feedback.
