Definition of Governance and Meaning of Good Governance Civic Education Primary 4 First Term Lesson Notes Week 1

Civic Education Primary 4 First Term Lesson Notes Week 1

Subject: Civic Education
Class: Primary 4
Term: First Term
Week: 1
Age: 8 years
Topic: Governance
Sub-topic: Definition of Governance and Meaning of Good Governance
Duration: 40 minutes
Behavioral Objectives: By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Explain what governance means.
2. Discuss the meaning of good governance.
3. Demonstrate examples of good governance in their community.

Keywords: Governance, Good Governance, Community
Set Induction: Begin the lesson by asking pupils if they have heard the term “governance” and what they think it means. Relate it to rules at home or school.
Entry Behavior: Pupils are familiar with rules and leadership within the family and school setting.
Learning Resources and Materials:

• Pictures showing community leaders, government officials, and a well-organized community.
• A simple chart illustrating the concept of governance.

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge:
Start by reminding pupils of the rules they follow at home and in school. Explain that these rules are part of what helps manage their daily lives, much like governance helps manage a community or country.

Embedded Core Skills:

• Critical thinking
• Communication
• Social responsibility

Learning Materials:

• Lagos State Scheme of Work
• Chalkboard and chalk
• Visual aids (charts and pictures)

Reference Books:

• Lagos State Scheme of Work for Primary 4
• Civic Education textbooks

Content

Definition of Governance:
Governance is the way in which a group, organization, or country is managed or controlled. It includes making decisions and setting rules that everyone must follow.

Meaning of Good Governance:
Good governance means that the leaders are fair, honest, and work for the well-being of all members of the community. It involves making decisions that are in the best interest of everyone.

Examples of Good Governance:

• Leaders listening to the people’s needs and making sure everyone has what they need to live well.
• Making sure that laws are followed by everyone, no matter who they are.
• Ensuring that resources like water, electricity, and education are available to all members of the community.

Evaluation

1. Governance is the way a _______ is managed.
   a) group
   b) sport
   c) game
   d) language
2. Good governance means leaders are _______.
   a) selfish
   b) unfair
   c) honest
   d) lazy
3. One example of good governance is providing _______ for everyone.
   a) games
   b) resources
   c) toys
   d) clothes
4. Governance involves making _______ that everyone follows.
   a) toys
   b) rules
   c) cars
   d) houses
5. Good governance helps ensure that _______ are available to everyone.
   a) laws
   b) schools
   c) parks
   d) games
6. The leaders of a community must be _______ to ensure good governance.
   a) dishonest
   b) unfair
   c) selfish
   d) fair
7. Good governance includes making decisions that are in the _______ of everyone.
   a) interest
   b) harm
   c) destruction
   d) deceit
8. Good governance requires that all people follow the _______.
   a) leaders
   b) teachers
   c) laws
   d) parents
9. _______ is an example of a service that good governance should provide.
   a) Water
   b) Toys
   c) Games
   d) Movies
10. Governance is related to how a group is _______.
    a) ruled
    b) destroyed
    c) harmed
    d) ignored
11. Leaders that practice good governance make sure everyone is _______.
    a) heard
    b) ignored
    c) punished
    d) shamed
12. In a community, good governance helps maintain _______.
    a) disorder
    b) peace
    c) conflict
    d) war
13. Leaders must make _______ that are fair for everyone.
    a) laws
    b) excuses
    c) mistakes
    d) errors
14. Good governance requires _______ between leaders and the people.
    a) separation
    b) distance
    c) communication
    d) division
15. Good governance helps to provide _______ for the future.
    a) food
    b) jobs
    c) hope
    d) fear

Class Activity Discussion

1. What is governance?
   Governance is the way a group or country is managed or controlled.
2. What does good governance mean?
   Good governance means leaders are fair, honest, and work for the well-being of everyone.
3. Can you give an example of good governance?
   Yes, providing resources like water and electricity to everyone is an example of good governance.
4. Why is good governance important?
   It ensures that everyone in the community is treated fairly and has what they need to live well.
5. What are some services provided by good governance?
   Good governance provides services like schools, hospitals, and clean water.
6. How can leaders practice good governance?
   By listening to the needs of the people and making fair decisions.
7. What happens when there is no good governance?
   There can be unfairness, lack of services, and unhappiness in the community.
8. Who is responsible for governance in a community?
   The leaders of the community are responsible for governance.
9. What should leaders avoid to ensure good governance?
   Leaders should avoid being selfish, dishonest, and unfair.
10. How does good governance benefit a community?
    It helps maintain peace, fairness, and access to necessary resources.
11. What is the role of laws in good governance?
    Laws help ensure that everyone is treated equally and fairly.
12. Why is fairness important in governance?
    Fairness ensures that everyone gets an equal opportunity to succeed.
13. How can good governance help in the future?
    It can create a stable and prosperous community for future generations.
14. What is the difference between governance and good governance?
    Governance is managing a group or country, while good governance means doing it fairly and for the well-being of all.
15. How can we practice good governance at home?
    By being fair, honest, and making decisions that benefit everyone in the family.

Cultural beliefs are those beliefs that are rooted in our mode of dressing , religious values or greeting while superstitions are just beliefs that cannot be verified or ascertained .

How can we tolerate other people

1. Respect other peoples opinion even though you do not support them .
2. Learn about other peoples religions.
3. Research and investigate other people before you start to judge them.
4. Learn to persevere.

We must listen to other people’s views because for the following reasons:

1. We may learn certain things from the views of other people.
2. It will help us to avoid making wrong decisions or judgement about others.
3. It will help us to relate with understanding with others.
4. We need to listen to others because they are also human beings.
5. They are citizens of our country or another country.
6. Other people have a right to express their views, which may be different from our own.
7. We could share ideas.
8. We must show that we consider other people’s views important.
9. It will make them feel accepted in our midst.

Importance And Benefits Of Religious  And Cultural Tolerance In Nigeria

The following are some of the reasons why we must respect other people’s views, beliefs and tradition:

1. There will be peace and harmony in society because conflicts and misunderstanding will be avoided.
2. People will feel safe and happy in society.
3. There will be peaceful co-existence in the community.
4. There will be cooperation and friendliness among the citizens.
5. The government will be able to perform its duties when there is peace in society.
6. People will be able to live without fear in any part of the country.
7. Citizens will be free to work without fear in any part of Nigeria no matter where they come from.
8. It gives us an opportunity to learn from one another.
9. The basic law of our country (the Constitution) allows everybody to practise the religion of their choice. It is therefore their right to hold any religious belief.
10. Religious crises will be avoided if we respect other people’s religious beliefs and tradition.

It is important to respect other people’s views, beliefs and traditions. Nigeria is a large country made up of many ethnic groups with different cultural backgrounds. These cultural groups have their own beliefs and traditions. We live together in the same community and work together too. At times we attend schools together in spite of our differences. We therefore need to respect other people’s beliefs and traditions if we are to live peacefully with one another. We can do this in the following ways:

1. Tolerance: There is need to make room for our differences. It will be easy to tolerate and be friends with other people who are not like us, when we understand that we cannot all hold the same religious and traditional beliefs.
2. Understanding: There will be peace if we show understanding. We should accept other people the way they are, instead of emphasing the differences between us.
3. Appreciating differences: We respect other people’s views, beliefs and traditions if we appreciate the good qualities which are in these beliefs and traditions.
4. Learning about the differences: We can show respect by deliberately showing interest in learning about the views, religious beliefs and traditions which are different from ours.

Presentation

Step 1: Revising the Previous Topic

• Review the concept of leadership and rules that the pupils learned in the previous term. The pupils have previous knowledge of cultural diversity

Step 2: Introducing the New Topic

• Explain what governance means and how it relates to leadership and rules.

Step 3: Allowing Pupils to Contribute and Correcting Them as Necessary

• Ask pupils to share examples of rules at home or in the community and discuss how these relate to governance.

Teacher’s Activities

• Show pictures and charts to illustrate the concept of governance.
• Guide discussions on the meaning of good governance.
• Encourage pupils to share examples from their community.

Learners’ Activities

• Listen attentively to the explanation of governance.
• Participate in discussions by sharing examples.
• Observe the pictures and charts provided by the teacher.

Assessment

• Ask pupils to explain governance in their own words.
• Have pupils list three examples of good governance in their community.

Evaluation Questions

1. What is governance?
2. How would you describe good governance?
3. Can you name one example of good governance?
4. Why is fairness important in governance?
5. What role do laws play in governance?
6. How does good governance benefit a community?
7. Who is responsible for governance in a community?
8. What is the difference between governance and good governance?
9. How can leaders practice good governance?
10. What should leaders avoid to ensure good governance?
11. What is religion.
12. What is culture.
13. What is religious tolerance.
14. Mention two benefits of religious tolerance.
15. Mention two benefits of cultural perseverance.

Conclusion

• Mark pupils’ assessments and provide feedback.
• Reinforce the importance of good governance in their community and encourage them to practice fairness and honesty in their daily lives.