Basic Cell Functions Biology SS 1 First Term Lesson Notes

Fill-in-the-Blank Questions with Options

1. The _______ is the basic structural and functional unit of life.
   a) Atom
   b) Molecule
   c) Cell
   d) Tissue
   Answer: c) Cell
2. The theory that all living organisms are made up of cells is called the _______.
   a) Germ theory
   b) Evolution theory
   c) Cell theory
   d) Atomic theory
   Answer: c) Cell theory
3. Organisms made of only one cell are referred to as _______.
   a) Multicellular
   b) Unicellular
   c) Colonial
   d) Filamentous
   Answer: b) Unicellular
4. In colonial organisms, cells are _______.
   a) Independent but function together
   b) Dependent on a single nucleus
   c) Nonfunctional
   d) Identical to plant cells
   Answer: a) Independent but function together
5. The cell organelle responsible for energy production is the _______.
   a) Nucleus
   b) Ribosome
   c) Mitochondrion
   d) Chloroplast
   Answer: c) Mitochondrion
6. The cell membrane is _______ permeable.
   a) Fully
   b) Semi
   c) Non-
   d) Not
   Answer: b) Semi
7. The _______ controls all activities of the cell.
   a) Cytoplasm
   b) Cell wall
   c) Nucleus
   d) Lysosome
   Answer: c) Nucleus
8. Plant cells have _______ that animal cells do not.
   a) Chloroplasts and a cell wall
   b) Nucleus and mitochondria
   c) Ribosomes and cytoplasm
   d) Lysosomes and centrioles
   Answer: a) Chloroplasts and a cell wall
9. The process by which living things produce offspring is called _______.
   a) Nutrition
   b) Growth
   c) Reproduction
   d) Respiration
   Answer: c) Reproduction
10. The jelly-like substance in which organelles are embedded is called _______.
    a) Cytoplasm
    b) Nucleus
    c) Ribosome
    d) Chromosome
    Answer: a) Cytoplasm
11. The _______ is found in both plant and animal cells but is more prominent in plant cells.
    a) Nucleus
    b) Vacuole
    c) Golgi apparatus
    d) Ribosome
    Answer: b) Vacuole
12. The _______ provides mechanical support and protection to plant cells.
    a) Cell membrane
    b) Cell wall
    c) Cytoplasm
    d) Chloroplast
    Answer: b) Cell wall
13. The green pigment responsible for photosynthesis is _______.
    a) Chlorophyll
    b) Haemoglobin
    c) Cytoplasm
    d) Glucose
    Answer: a) Chlorophyll
14. _______ cells do not have a nucleus.
    a) Prokaryotic
    b) Eukaryotic
    c) Plant
    d) Animal
    Answer: a) Prokaryotic
15. _______ are the powerhouse of the cell.
    a) Ribosomes
    b) Mitochondria
    c) Nucleus
    d) Lysosomes
    Answer: b) Mitochondria

15 FAQs with Answers

1. What is a cell?
   A cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life in all living organisms.
2. What is the cell theory?
   The cell theory states that all living organisms are made up of cells, and all cells arise from pre-existing cells.
3. What are unicellular organisms?
   Unicellular organisms are made up of only one cell, such as bacteria and amoeba.
4. What are multicellular organisms?
   Multicellular organisms are made up of many cells, like humans, plants, and animals.
5. What are colonial organisms?
   Colonial organisms are groups of similar cells that live together but function independently, such as Volvox.
6. What is the difference between plant and animal cells?
   Plant cells have a cell wall and chloroplasts, while animal cells do not.
7. What is the function of the nucleus?
   The nucleus controls all cell activities and contains genetic material.
8. What is cytoplasm?
   Cytoplasm is the jelly-like substance that surrounds cell organelles and provides a medium for biochemical activities.
9. What is the function of mitochondria?
   Mitochondria produce energy for the cell through respiration.
10. What is the role of the cell membrane?
    The cell membrane controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
11. What is chlorophyll?
    Chlorophyll is the green pigment in chloroplasts responsible for photosynthesis in plants.
12. What are vacuoles?
    Vacuoles are storage organelles for water, nutrients, and waste products.
13. What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
    Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus, while eukaryotic cells have a well-defined nucleus.
14. What is the cell wall made of?
    The cell wall is made of cellulose in plant cells.
15. Why are cells called the building blocks of life?
    Cells are called the building blocks of life because they make up the structure and carry out essential functions in organisms.

10 Evaluation Questions

1. Define the cell theory.
2. Differentiate between unicellular and multicellular organisms with examples.
3. What is the function of the cell membrane?
4. Name two organelles found only in plant cells.
5. What is the main function of mitochondria?
6. Explain the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
7. What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?
8. Describe the structure and function of chloroplasts.
9. How do colonial organisms differ from multicellular organisms?
10. List three similarities between plant and animal cells.