Uses of Edge Finishing and Parts and Functions of a Sewing Machine Home Economics JSS 2 Third Term Lesson Notes Week 7

Detailed Student-Centered Lesson Plan

Subject: Home Economics
Class: JSS 2
Term: Third Term
Week: 7
Topic: Uses of Edge Finishing and Parts and Functions of a Sewing Machine
Sub-topic: Edge Finishing Techniques and Sewing Machine Components
Duration: 1 Hour

Behavioural Objectives

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

1. Identify three uses of edge finishing.
2. List five parts of a sewing machine.
3. State the functions of the listed sewing machine parts.

Key Words

• Edge Finishing
• Presser Foot
• Needle
• Bobbin
• Feed Dogs
• Spool Pin

Entry Behaviour

Students have basic knowledge of sewing and fabric handling from previous lessons.

Learning Resources and Materials

• Samples of fabrics with different edge finishing techniques.
• A sewing machine for demonstration.
• Spool of thread, bobbins, needles.

Building Background / Connection to Prior Knowledge

Students have learned about basic sewing techniques and fabric care in previous lessons.

Embedded Core Skills

• Critical thinking
• Observation
• Hands-on practice

Learning Materials

• Textbook: Lagos State Scheme of Work for Home Economics
• Instructional posters of sewing machine parts

Instructional Materials

• Fabric samples
• Sewing machine
• Thread and needles
• Edge finishing examples

Content

Uses of Edge Finishing

1. Preventing Fraying
   • Stops fabric edges from coming apart. Example: Zigzag stitches. 🧵
2. Making Fabric Look Neat
   • Gives clothes a clean look. Example: Hemming the bottom of a dress. 👗
3. Strengthening Edges
   • Makes fabric edges stronger and longer-lasting. Example: Bias tape on a quilt. 🛏️

Parts of a Sewing Machine and Their Functions

1. Presser Foot
   • Function: Holds fabric down while sewing. Example: Keeps fabric flat. ✋
2. Needle
   • Function: Pierces fabric to make stitches. Example: Moves up and down. 🪡
3. Bobbin
   • Function: Supplies lower thread. Example: Holds lower thread. 🧶
4. Feed Dogs
   • Function: Moves fabric forward. Example: Metal teeth pulling fabric. 🦷
5. Spool Pin
   • Function: Holds thread spool. Example: Keeps thread in place. 🧵

Presentation

Step 1: Revision of Previous Topic

• Teacher revises the previous topic on basic sewing techniques.
• Questions are asked to refresh students’ memories.

Step 2: Introduction of the New Topic

• Teacher introduces the new topic: Uses of Edge Finishing and Parts of a Sewing Machine.

Step 3: Students’ Contributions

• Teacher allows students to share their understanding of edge finishing and sewing machine parts.
• Teacher corrects and guides where necessary.

Teacher’s Activities

• Demonstrate edge finishing techniques.
• Show and explain parts of the sewing machine.
• Engage students in identifying parts on a real sewing machine.

Learners’ Activities

• Observe demonstrations.
• Participate in identifying and naming sewing machine parts.
• Ask questions and engage in discussions.

Assessment

Fill-in-the-Blank Questions

1. Edge finishing helps to prevent fabric from ______.
   a) Fading
   b) Fraying
   c) Stretching
   d) Shrinking
2. A zigzag stitch is used to ______ fabric edges.
   a) Cut
   b) Color
   c) Finish
   d) Measure
3. Hemming is an example of ______.
   a) Sewing
   b) Cutting
   c) Edge finishing
   d) Ironing
4. Which part of the sewing machine holds the fabric down?
   a) Needle
   b) Bobbin
   c) Feed dogs
   d) Presser foot
5. The ______ moves up and down to create stitches.
   a) Presser foot
   b) Bobbin
   c) Needle
   d) Spool pin
6. The ______ gives thread from the bottom of the machine.
   a) Feed dogs
   b) Bobbin
   c) Needle
   d) Presser foot
7. Which part of the sewing machine moves the fabric forward?
   a) Needle
   b) Feed dogs
   c) Bobbin
   d) Spool pin
8. The ______ keeps the thread spool in place.
   a) Bobbin
   b) Needle
   c) Spool pin
   d) Feed dogs
9. Edge finishing can make fabric edges ______.
   a) Weaker
   b) Stronger
   c) Shorter
   d) Longer
10. Bias tape is used to ______ fabric edges.
    a) Lengthen
    b) Strengthen
    c) Color
    d) Cut
11. A presser foot helps to keep stitches ______.
    a) Uneven
    b) Crooked
    c) Even
    d) Loose
12. The bobbin thread works with the ______ thread to make stitches.
    a) Top
    b) Bottom
    c) Side
    d) Back
13. Hemming is used on the ______ of a dress.
    a) Top
    b) Middle
    c) Sleeve
    d) Bottom
14. Feed dogs are like metal ______.
    a) Teeth
    b) Hands
    c) Feet
    d) Eyes
15. Edge finishing can make clothes look more ______.
    a) Wrinkled
    b) Tidy
    c) Old
    d) Colorful

FAQs for Better Understanding

1. What is edge finishing?
   • Edge finishing makes fabric edges neat and stops them from fraying.
2. Why is edge finishing important?
   • It keeps fabric edges from coming apart and makes them look neat.
3. What are some examples of edge finishing?
   • Hemming, zigzag stitches, and bias tape are examples.
4. How does hemming help?
   • Hemming folds the fabric edge and stitches it down, making it neat and strong.
5. What does a presser foot do?
   • The presser foot holds the fabric in place while sewing.
6. Why do we use a zigzag stitch?
   • A zigzag stitch helps to stop the fabric edges from fraying.
7. What is the function of the needle in a sewing machine?
   • The needle pierces the fabric to create stitches.
8. What does the bobbin do?
   • The bobbin supplies the lower thread for stitching.
9. How do feed dogs work?
   • Feed dogs pull the fabric through the machine as you sew.
10. What is the spool pin for?
    • The spool pin holds the thread spool in place.
11. Can edge finishing make fabric stronger?
    • Yes, it can make fabric edges stronger and last longer.
12. What happens if we don’t finish fabric edges?
    • The edges might fray and look untidy.
13. How does bias tape help in edge finishing?
    • Bias tape covers the raw edges and makes them strong and neat.
14. Why is the bobbin thread important?
    • It works with the top thread to form stitches.
15. What does the presser foot ensure during sewing?
    • It ensures the fabric stays flat and the stitches are even.

Conclusion

• The teacher goes around to check students’ work.
• The teacher provides feedback and corrections where necessary.

Evaluation Questions

1. What is edge finishing?
2. Name one use of edge finishing.
3. Which part of the sewing machine holds the fabric down?
4. What is the function of the needle?
5. How does the bobbin help in sewing?
6. What do feed dogs do in a sewing machine?
7. Why is the spool pin important?
8. Give an example of edge finishing.
9. How can bias tape be used in edge finishing?
10. What happens if fabric edges are not finished properly?

Teacher’s Conclusion

• Recap the key points of the lesson.
• Emphasize the importance of edge finishing and knowing the parts of a sewing machine.
• Encourage students to practice at home for better understanding.