Understanding Basic Motor Parts (Internal) Basic Science Primary 5 Third Term Lesson Notes Week 8

Subject: Basic Science

Class: Primary 5

Term: Third Term

Week: 8

Topic: Understanding Basic Motor Parts (Internal)

Sub-topic: Internal components of motor vehicles and their functions

Duration: 45 minutes

Behavioural Objectives:

  • Students should be able to identify internal parts of a motor vehicle.
  • Students should understand the functions of each internal part of a motor vehicle.
  • Students should demonstrate knowledge of basic motor parts through class activities.

Learning Resources and Materials:

  • Pictures or diagrams of internal motor parts
  • Visual aids showing the functions of motor parts
  • Samples of materials used in motor parts
  • Whiteboard and markers

Building Background / Connection to prior knowledge:

  • Review previous lessons on vehicles and their components.
  • Discuss any experiences students may have had with motor vehicles.

Embedded Core Skills:

  • Observation
  • Classification
  • Problem-solving

Content:

  1. Introduction to internal parts of a motor vehicle.
  2. Identification of internal motor parts.
  3. Explanation of functions of each internal part.
  4. Class activities to reinforce learning.

Presentation:

BASIC MOTOR PARTS (INTERNAL):

  1. Internal parts of a motor vehicle:
    • Airbags: Inflate during a collision to protect passengers. 🛑💨
    • Seat belts: Secure passengers in their seats during movement. 🔒
    • Steering wheel: Allows the driver to control the direction of the vehicle. 🚗🔄
    • Brakes: Slow down or stop the vehicle when the brake pedal is pressed. 🛑
    • Dashboard: Displays information about the vehicle’s speed, fuel level, and more. 📊
    • Pedals: Accelerator pedal controls speed, brake pedal stops the vehicle, and clutch pedal (in manual transmission) changes gears. 👣
    • Gears: Control the speed and power of the vehicle by changing the gear ratio. ⚙️
  2. Functions of the internal parts of a motor vehicle:
    • Airbags: Reduce injuries by cushioning passengers during a collision.
    • Seat belts: Keep passengers securely in their seats to prevent injury during sudden stops or accidents.
    • Steering wheel: Allows the driver to turn the vehicle left or right to follow the desired direction.
    • Brakes: Slow down or stop the vehicle by applying friction to the wheels.
    • Dashboard: Provides important information about the vehicle’s performance and status to the driver.
    • Pedals: Control the speed, stopping, and gear changes of the vehicle.
    • Gears: Adjust the speed and power of the vehicle for different driving conditions.

Evaluation :

  1. What part of a motor vehicle inflates during a collision to protect passengers? a) Steering wheel b) Seat belts c) Airbags d) Gears
  2. What secures passengers in their seats during movement? a) Brakes b) Steering c) Seat belts d) Pedals
  3. What allows the driver to control the direction of the vehicle? a) Airbags b) Steering c) Brakes d) Gears
  4. Which part of a motor vehicle slows down or stops the vehicle when pressed? a) Dashboard b) Pedals c) Brakes d) Seat belts
  5. What displays information about the vehicle’s speed and fuel level? a) Steering b) Gears c) Dashboard d) Airbags
  6. Which pedal controls the speed of the vehicle? a) Brake pedal b) Clutch pedal c) Accelerator pedal d) Gear pedal
  7. What protects passengers by cushioning them during a collision? a) Steering b) Airbags c) Gears d) Pedals
  8. What keeps passengers securely in their seats to prevent injury during sudden stops or accidents? a) Airbags b) Gears c) Seat belts d) Dashboard
  9. What allows the driver to turn the vehicle left or right? a) Gears b) Steering c) Pedals d) Dashboard
  10. What part of a motor vehicle applies friction to the wheels to slow down or stop the vehicle? a) Brakes b) Dashboard c) Airbags d) Gears
  11. Which part of a motor vehicle provides important information about the vehicle’s performance? a) Steering b) Brakes c) Dashboard d) Seat belts
  12. What controls the speed, stopping, and gear changes of the vehicle? a) Steering b) Gears c) Pedals d) Airbags
  13. What adjusts the speed and power of the vehicle for different driving conditions? a) Seat belts b) Gears c) Dashboard d) Airbags
  14. What part of a motor vehicle allows the driver to change gears? a) Brakes b) Pedals c) Steering d) Clutch pedal
  15. Which part of a motor vehicle is essential for reducing injuries during a collision? a) Steering b) Airbags c) Dashboard d) Seat belts

Class Activity Discussion :

  1. What are internal parts of a motor vehicle?
    • Internal parts include airbags, seat belts, steering wheel, brakes, pedals, and gears.
  2. What is the function of airbags in a vehicle?
    • Airbags inflate during a collision to protect passengers from injuries.
  3. Why are seat belts important in a car?
    • Seat belts keep passengers securely in their seats during movement to prevent injuries.
  4. What does the steering wheel allow the driver to do?
    • The steering wheel helps the driver control the direction of the vehicle.
  5. How do brakes work in a car?
    • Brakes slow down or stop the vehicle by applying friction to the wheels.
  6. What are pedals used for in a car?
    • Pedals control the speed, stopping, and gear changes of the vehicle.
  7. Why do cars have gears?
    • Gears adjust the speed and power of the vehicle for different driving conditions.
  8. What happens when you press the brake pedal?
    • The brakes slow down or stop the vehicle by applying pressure to the wheels.
  9. What is the function of the dashboard in a car?
    • The dashboard displays information about the vehicle’s speed, fuel level, and more.
  10. How do airbags protect passengers during a collision?
    • Airbags inflate quickly to cushion passengers and prevent them from hitting hard surfaces.
  11. What is the purpose of seat belts?
    • Seat belts keep passengers securely in their seats to prevent them from being thrown around in a collision.
  12. What does the steering wheel help the driver do?
    • The steering wheel allows the driver to turn the vehicle left or right to follow the desired direction.
  13. What do pedals control in a car?
    • Pedals control the speed, braking, and gear changes of the vehicle.
  14. Why do cars need brakes?
    • Brakes are necessary to slow down or stop the vehicle safely, especially during emergencies.
  15. How do gears help in driving a car?
    • Gears help adjust the speed and power of the vehicle for different road conditions and driving situations.

Step 1: Revision

Step 2: Introduction of the new topic

  • Introduce the topic of basic motor parts (internal) to the students.
  • Show pictures or diagrams of internal motor parts to capture students’ interest.

Step 3: Interactive session

  • Identify and discuss internal parts of a motor vehicle, such as airbags, seat belts, steering wheel, brakes, pedals, and gears.
  • Explain the functions of each internal part, emphasizing their importance in vehicle operation and passenger safety.
  • Encourage students to ask questions and share their own experiences related to motor vehicles.

Step 4: Class activities

  • Conduct group activities where students match internal motor parts with their functions.
  • Provide samples of materials used in motor parts for students to examine and discuss.
  • Engage students in a role-play activity where they act out the functions of different internal motor parts.

Teacher’s Activities:

  • Presenting information about internal motor parts and their functions.
  • Facilitating discussions and interactions among students.
  • Guiding students through class activities and providing feedback.

Learners’ Activities:

  • Listening attentively to the teacher’s explanations.
  • Participating actively in discussions and class activities.
  • Collaborating with classmates to complete group tasks.

Assessment:

  • Observing students’ participation and engagement during class discussions and activities.
  • Asking questions to assess students’ understanding of internal motor parts and their functions.

Evaluation Questions:

  1. What are some internal parts of a motor vehicle?
  2. What is the function of airbags in a car?
  3. Why are seat belts important in a vehicle?
  4. What does the steering wheel allow the driver to do?
  5. How do brakes work in a car?
  6. What are pedals used for in a car?
  7. Why do cars have gears?
  8. How do airbags protect passengers during a collision?
  9. What is the purpose of the dashboard in a car?
  10. How do gears help in driving a car?

Conclusion:

  • The teacher goes round to mark and provide corrections on students’ understanding of internal motor parts.
  • Summarize key points discussed during the lesson and encourage students to apply their knowledge of motor parts in real-life situations.

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