Economic History of Nigeria – Oil Economy (3)

Lesson Plan: Economic History of Nigeria – Oil Economy (3)

Subject: History

Class: Basic 6 / Grade 6 / Primary 6
Term: Second Term
Week: 10 and 11
Topic: Economic History of Nigeria – Oil Economy (3): By-products of Crude Oil
Previous Lesson: Economic History of Nigeria – Oil Economy (2)

Learning Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. List the by-products of crude oil.
2. State what the by-products of crude oil are used for.
3. Discuss the benefits of crude oil production to Nigeria’s economy.
4. Explain the positive and negative effects of crude oil on the economy.

Keywords

• Crude oil
• By-products
• Refinery
• Economy
• Positive effects
• Negative effects

Learning Resources/Materials

• Chart showing crude oil by-products.
• Pictures of items made from crude oil (e.g., plastics, petrol).
• Lagos State Scheme of Work.

Set Induction

The teacher will ask students if they know what petrol and kerosene are used for and where they come from. The discussion will lead to the topic of crude oil by-products.

Entry Behavior

Students are familiar with crude oil and its importance from the previous lessons.

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge

The teacher will recap the previous lesson on the benefits and challenges of crude oil production.

Embedded Core Skills

• Critical thinking
• Communication
• Collaboration

Instructional Materials

• Visuals of oil refineries.
• Pictures of crude oil by-products and their uses.

Content Outline

Lesson 1: By-products of Crude Oil

1. By-products of crude oil include:
   • Petrol: Used as fuel for cars.
   • Kerosene: Used for cooking and lighting lamps.
   • Diesel: Used to power heavy-duty vehicles and generators.
   • Asphalt/Bitumen: Used for road construction.
   • Plastics: Used to make containers, bottles, and other items.
   • Lubricants: Used to reduce friction in machines.
   • Gasoline: Used as fuel for vehicles and small engines.

Lesson 2: Uses of Crude Oil By-products

1. Petrol and Diesel: Power vehicles and generators.
2. Kerosene: Used for domestic purposes like cooking.
3. Plastics: Essential for manufacturing everyday items.
4. Asphalt: Crucial for building and maintaining roads.
5. Lubricants: Ensure the smooth operation of machines.

Lesson 3: Benefits of Crude Oil Production to Nigeria’s Economy

1. Revenue Generation: Crude oil is the largest source of income for Nigeria.
2. Job Opportunities: Provides employment in oil exploration, refining, and distribution.
3. Foreign Exchange: Nigeria earns money by exporting crude oil.
4. Infrastructure Development: Revenue from oil supports road and school construction.

Lesson 4: Positive and Negative Effects of Crude Oil on the Economy

1. Positive Effects:
   • Improved living standards.
   • Economic growth and development.
   • Nigeria’s recognition as a major oil-producing nation.
2. Negative Effects:
   • Environmental pollution from oil spills.
   • Overdependence on oil, leading to neglect of other sectors.
   • Corruption in the management of oil revenues.

Evaluation Questions

1. Which of the following is NOT a by-product of crude oil?
   a) Petrol
   b) Kerosene
   c) Wood
   d) Diesel
2. What is petrol mainly used for?
   a) Cooking
   b) Lighting
   c) Fueling cars
   d) Washing clothes
3. Asphalt is used for:
   a) Road construction
   b) Powering vehicles
   c) Cooking food
   d) Making clothes
4. Name one benefit of crude oil production to Nigeria’s economy.
   a) Reduced pollution
   b) Foreign exchange earnings
   c) Lack of job opportunities
   d) Increased poverty
5. What is one negative effect of crude oil production?
   a) Economic growth
   b) Job creation
   c) Environmental pollution
   d) Infrastructure development

(Continue with 10 additional questions based on the lesson content.)

Class Activity Discussion FAQs

1. What are the main by-products of crude oil?
   Petrol, diesel, kerosene, asphalt, and plastics.
2. How is kerosene used?
   For cooking and lighting lamps.
3. What is the role of lubricants?
   They reduce friction in machines.
4. How does crude oil benefit Nigeria?
   By generating revenue, creating jobs, and supporting development.
5. What is one negative effect of crude oil?
   Environmental pollution from oil spills.

(Continue with 10 more FAQs for classroom discussion.)

Presentation Steps

1. Introduction: The teacher revises the previous topic and introduces crude oil by-products.
2. Development:
   • Lesson 1: Explain the by-products of crude oil.
   • Lesson 2: Discuss the uses of by-products.
   • Lesson 3: Highlight the benefits of crude oil production.
   • Lesson 4: Discuss the positive and negative effects of crude oil.
3. Student Participation: Students identify uses of by-products and analyze their effects on the economy.
4. Summary: The teacher summarizes the key points.

Assessment

1. List three by-products of crude oil.
2. State two uses of kerosene.
3. Explain one benefit of crude oil to Nigeria’s economy.
4. What is one negative effect of crude oil production?
5. Suggest a way Nigeria can reduce overdependence on crude oil.

Conclusion

The teacher reviews the lesson, marks students’ work, and provides corrections where necessary.

Primary 6 Second Term History Revision