Definition of Painting and Techniques Cultural and Creative Arts JSS 2 First Term Lesson Notes Week 6

Cultural and Creative Arts JSS 2 First Term Lesson Notes

Subject: Cultural and Creative Arts
Class: JSS 2
Term: First Term
Week: 6
Age: 12–13 years
Topic: Painting
Sub-topic: Definition of Painting and Techniques
Duration: 40 minutes

Behavioural Objectives

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

1. Define painting.
2. Explain the techniques of painting.
3. Differentiate between wet and dry painting.
4. Identify the media used in painting.
5. Describe the role of the painter.

Keywords

• Painting: The art of beautifying objects with colours.
• Mosaic: A technique involving the arrangement of small pieces to form an image.
• Collage: Art made by sticking different materials on a surface.
• Impasto: Thick application of paint.
• Fixative: A spray used to prevent smudging of pastel or crayon works.

Set Induction

The teacher will display different paintings and ask the students to describe what they see and how colours were used in each artwork.

Entry Behaviour

Students may have basic experience in colouring or drawing.

Learning Resources and Materials

• Brushes, watercolour, pastel, crayons, pencils
• Samples of wet and dry paintings
• Examples of paintings done using different techniques (wash, impasto)

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge

Students are already familiar with colouring objects and might have seen paintings in their environment, but they are now learning the deeper techniques and concepts of painting.

Embedded Core Skills

• Observation
• Fine motor skills
• Creativity
• Colour application techniques

Reference Books

• Lagos State Scheme of Work for Cultural and Creative Arts JSS 2
• Cultural and Creative Arts Textbook for Junior Secondary School

Instructional Materials

• Samples of impasto, wet and dry paintings
• Different media (crayons, watercolour, pastels, oil paints)

Content

1. Definition of Painting

• Painting is the art of beautifying drawn objects with colours.
• It is an aspect of fine art used mainly for decoration.
• It involves applying paint or colour on a drawing with the help of a brush.
• Painting also refers to creating pictorial scenes on flat surfaces like paper or canvas.
• An artist who engages in painting is called a painter.
• Mosaic and collage are other forms of painting.

2. Painting Techniques

• Wash Painting:
  • Involves using water, a brush, and colours.
  • Colours are diluted and applied thinly over the surface.
• Impasto:
  • A technique of applying thick layers of paint to create texture.
  • The term “impasto” comes from Italian and means thick or textured paint.
• Wet Painting:
  • Colours are diluted with water or other mediums before being applied with a brush.
  • Media used include watercolours, poster colours, acrylics, and oil paints.
• Dry Painting:
  • Colours are applied without dilution.
  • Mixing and blending of colours happen directly on the surface, not on a palette.
  • Media include pastel (chalk or oil), crayons, colour pencils, and markers.
  • Fixative is needed to avoid smudging in dry painting.

3. Media Used in Painting

• Water-based Media:
  • Watercolours, poster colours, acrylics.
  • These require dilution with water or other solvents.
• Oil-based Media:
  • Oil paints, emulsion, gloss paints.
  • Thicker in consistency, often used in impasto techniques.
• Dry Media:
  • Pastels (chalk or oil), crayons, colour pencils, markers.
  • These do not require dilution.

4. Mosaic and Collage

• Mosaic:
  • A form of painting where small pieces (like glass, stone, or tiles) are arranged to form a picture.
• Collage:
  • An art technique where various materials like paper, fabric, or photos are glued onto a surface to create an artwork.

Evaluation:

1. ______ is the art of beautifying drawn objects with colours.
   a) Painting
   b) Drawing
   c) Sculpting
   d) Carving
2. Painting is an aspect of ______ art.
   a) Performing
   b) Fine
   c) Abstract
   d) Visual
3. Mosaic and ______ are aspects of painting.
   a) Collage
   b) Pottery
   c) Sculpture
   d) Dance
4. In wash painting, the colours are applied using ______.
   a) Water and brush
   b) Knife and chisel
   c) Crayon
   d) Pastel
5. Impasto is a technique involving the thick application of ______.
   a) Paper
   b) Paint
   c) Clay
   d) Pencil
6. Wet painting involves the ______ of colours.
   a) Blending
   b) Dilution
   c) Carving
   d) Drying
7. Dry painting is done without ______ the colours.
   a) Mixing
   b) Fixing
   c) Diluting
   d) Smudging
8. ______ are used in dry painting.
   a) Watercolours
   b) Crayons and pastels
   c) Oil paints
   d) Acrylics
9. In dry painting, the colours are mixed ______.
   a) On a palette
   b) Directly on the surface
   c) In a container
   d) With a brush
10. ______ prevents smudging in dry painting.
    a) Water
    b) Fixative
    c) Brush
    d) Knife
11. The artist who paints is called a ______.
    a) Sculptor
    b) Potter
    c) Painter
    d) Designer
12. ______ is a form of art where small pieces are arranged to create a picture.
    a) Collage
    b) Mosaic
    c) Painting
    d) Carving
13. Collage is created by sticking different ______ onto a surface.
    a) Materials
    b) Colours
    c) Brushes
    d) Knives
14. The Italian term “impasto” refers to the ______ of paint.
    a) Blending
    b) Thickness
    c) Dryness
    d) Water
15. In wash painting, colours are applied ______.
    a) Thinly
    b) Thickly
    c) Without dilution
    d) With chalk

Class Activity Discussion:

1. What is painting?
   Painting is the art of beautifying objects with colours.
2. What is the role of a painter?
   A painter creates artworks using colours and techniques like impasto or wash.
3. What is wash painting?
   Wash painting is a technique where diluted colours are applied thinly over a surface.
4. What is impasto?
   Impasto is a technique involving thick application of paint for texture.
5. What is dry painting?
   Dry painting involves applying colours without dilution.
6. What are the media used in dry painting?
   Media for dry painting include pastels, crayons, and colour pencils.
7. What is the difference between wet and dry painting?
   Wet painting uses diluted colours, while dry painting uses colours without dilution.
8. Why is fixative important in dry painting?
   Fixative prevents smudging of colours in dry painting.
9. What is a mosaic?
   Mosaic is an art form where small pieces are arranged to create an image.
10. What is collage?
    Collage is created by sticking various materials onto a surface to form an artwork.
11. What media are used in wet painting?
    Watercolours, acrylics, and oil paints are used in wet painting.
12. Can oil paints be used in impasto?
    Yes, oil paints are ideal for impasto due to their thickness.
13. What is the main tool used in painting?
    The brush is the main tool used in painting.
14. What are the types of painting techniques?
    The main types include wash painting, impasto, wet painting, and dry painting.
15. What is the purpose of painting?
    Painting is used to beautify, create decorations, and communicate ideas visually.

Presentation

Step 1: Teacher revises the previous topic, “Study of Colour.”

Step 2: Teacher introduces the new topic by explaining the definition and techniques of painting.

Step 3: Teacher allows students to experiment with both wet and dry painting techniques.

Teacher’s Activities

• Explain the various painting techniques (wash, impasto, dry, wet).
• Demonstrate how to use different media for painting.
• Show students examples of mosaic and collage.

Learners’ Activities

• Practice mixing colours using both wet and dry techniques.
• Create their own paintings using the techniques demonstrated.
• Observe the difference between diluted and non-diluted paint.

Evaluation Questions:

1. Define painting.
2. Name two painting techniques.
3. What is wash painting?
4. Explain impasto.
5. What is dry painting?
6. Name two media used in dry painting.
7. What is the difference between wet and dry painting?
8. Why is fixative important in dry painting?
9. What is a mosaic?
10. What is collage?

Conclusion

The teacher reviews students’ work, corrects errors, and provides feedback.

More Useful Links

• Understanding Colour, Classification, Sources, Uses, and the Colour Wheel Cultural and Creative Arts JSS 2 First Term Lesson Notes Week 5
• Tools and Equipment for Craft Production Cultural and Creative Arts JSS 2 First Term Lesson Notes Week 4
• Craft Cultural and Creative Arts JSS 2 First Term Lesson Notes Week 3