Sentence Types English Grammar Primary 2 Second Term Lesson Notes Week 2

English Grammar Primary 2 Second Term Lesson Notes Week 2

Subject: English Grammar
Class: Primary 2
Term: Second Term
Week: 2
Age: 7-8 years
Topic: Sentence Types
Sub-topic: Simple Sentences, Compound Sentences, and Complex Sentences
Duration: 40 minutes

Behavioural Objectives

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

1. Identify and distinguish between simple, compound, and complex sentences.
2. Construct simple, compound, and complex sentences on their own.
3. Understand how to join sentences using conjunctions.

Keywords

• Sentence
• Simple sentence
• Compound sentence
• Complex sentence
• Conjunction
• Punctuation

Set Induction

• Teacher starts by asking students, “What do you think a sentence is?” and listens to their responses.
• Teacher explains, “A sentence is a group of words that makes sense.”
• Teacher writes an example sentence on the board: “The dog runs.” and says, “This is a simple sentence because it tells us one complete thought.”

Entry Behaviour

Students should already know basic sentence structure, including how to identify a subject and a predicate (action). They should have encountered simple sentences before.

Learning Resources and Materials

• Flashcards with examples of simple, compound, and complex sentences.
• Whiteboard and markers.
• Sentence-building worksheets.

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge

• Students have learned about basic sentence structure (subject + predicate) in previous lessons.
• This lesson will build on their understanding of sentence formation and help them recognize different sentence types.

Embedded Core Skills

• Communication skills (speaking and listening) through sentence formation and class participation.
• Critical thinking (understanding sentence structure) and creativity (building their own sentences).

Learning Materials

• Flashcards
• Whiteboard
• Markers
• Sentence-building worksheets

Reference Books

• Lagos State Scheme of Work
• Primary 2 English Grammar Textbook

Instructional Materials

• Flashcards with example sentences
• Whiteboard and markers
• Worksheets for class activities

Content

1. Definition of a Simple Sentence

• A simple sentence has one subject and one predicate.
• It expresses a complete thought.
• Example: “The cat sleeps.”

2. Definition of a Compound Sentence

• A compound sentence has two simple sentences joined by a conjunction (e.g., and, but, or).
• Example: “I like ice cream, and she likes cake.”

3. Definition of a Complex Sentence

• A complex sentence has one main clause (simple sentence) and one or more subordinate clauses.
• Example: “I stayed home because it was raining.”

4. Conjunctions

• Conjunctions are words that join two sentences or clauses.
• Examples: and, but, or, because, although.

5. Types of Sentences and Their Uses

• Simple sentences express one complete idea.
• Compound sentences express two ideas joined together.
• Complex sentences express one main idea and additional information.

5 Examples Related to the Topic

1. Simple Sentence: “The dog barks.”
2. Compound Sentence: “I want a pencil, but I cannot find one.”
3. Complex Sentence: “She went to bed because she was tired.”
4. Simple Sentence: “The boy plays football.”
5. Compound Sentence: “I will eat rice, and you will eat beans.”

Evaluation Questions

1. _______ is a type of sentence with one subject and one predicate.
   a) Simple sentence
   b) Compound sentence
   c) Complex sentence
   d) None of the above
2. Which of these is a compound sentence?
   a) The cat sleeps.
   b) I like ice cream, and she likes cake.
   c) I went to school.
   d) She sings well.
3. _______ is used to join two simple sentences.
   a) Verb
   b) Conjunction
   c) Adjective
   d) Noun
4. Which of these is a complex sentence?
   a) I am tired.
   b) She went to the market.
   c) I stayed home because it was raining.
   d) I like apples.
5. _______ is an example of a simple sentence.
   a) I like to play soccer, but my brother likes basketball.
   b) He went to the store and bought milk.
   c) She runs fast.
   d) He will play football or basketball.
6. Which conjunction joins two parts of a compound sentence?
   a) Because
   b) And
   c) Although
   d) When
7. A complex sentence has _______ clauses.
   a) One
   b) Two
   c) Three
   d) One main clause and one or more subordinate clauses
8. Which of the following is NOT a compound sentence?
   a) I want a cookie, but I am full.
   b) She played with the ball.
   c) I like chocolate and vanilla.
   d) They read books, and they draw pictures.
9. “The baby is crying, _______ the mother is feeding her.” Choose the correct conjunction.
   a) And
   b) But
   c) Or
   d) Because
10. Which of these is a simple sentence?
    a) I went to school after breakfast.
    b) I saw a dog running.
    c) He and I went to the park.
    d) She sings in the choir every Sunday.
11. A sentence that has two ideas joined with “and” is called a _______ sentence.
    a) Simple
    b) Compound
    c) Complex
    d) None of the above
12. Which of these is an example of a complex sentence?
    a) I ate lunch.
    b) She read a book.
    c) I was happy because I passed my exam.
    d) We played outside.
13. “I am going to the store _______ I need to buy some bread.” Choose the correct conjunction.
    a) Because
    b) And
    c) But
    d) Or
14. What does a compound sentence need to connect two simple sentences?
    a) Period
    b) Conjunction
    c) Question mark
    d) Colon
15. “John is reading a book, _______ he is also writing a letter.” Choose the correct conjunction.
    a) And
    b) But
    c) Because
    d) Although

Class Activity Discussion

15 FAQs with Answers

1. What is a simple sentence?
   • A simple sentence has one subject and one predicate. It expresses a complete idea.
2. Can a compound sentence have only one clause?
   • No, a compound sentence must have two clauses connected by a conjunction.
3. What is a conjunction?
   • A conjunction is a word that connects two sentences or clauses.
4. What is the difference between a simple and compound sentence?
   • A simple sentence has one clause, while a compound sentence has two clauses connected by a conjunction.
5. Can a complex sentence have two ideas?
   • Yes, a complex sentence has one main idea and additional information that is connected with conjunctions.
6. Which conjunctions can join two clauses in a compound sentence?
   • Examples are “and,” “but,” “or.”
7. Can a compound sentence be very short?
   • Yes, even short sentences can be compound if they have two clauses connected by a conjunction.
8. What is a clause?
   • A clause is a part of a sentence that contains a subject and a predicate.
9. How many clauses does a complex sentence have?
   • A complex sentence has one main clause and one or more subordinate clauses.
10. Can we use “because” to join two sentences?
    • Yes, “because” is a conjunction used to show cause or reason.
11. What punctuation do we use in compound sentences?
    • We use a comma before the conjunction in compound sentences.
12. Is “She runs fast and plays well” a compound sentence?
    • Yes, it is a compound sentence because it has two clauses connected by “and.”
13. What is a subordinate clause?
    • A subordinate clause is a part of a complex sentence that adds more information but cannot stand alone.
14. Is “I read books” a complex sentence?
    • No, it is a simple sentence. It has only one clause.
15. Can we have more than one conjunction in a sentence?
    • Yes, a sentence can have more than one conjunction to join multiple clauses.

Presentation Structure

1. Step 1: Revision of the Previous Topic
   • Teacher reviews the previous topic (e.g., simple sentences) by asking students to give examples of simple sentences.
2. Step 2: Introduction of New Topic
   • Teacher introduces sentence types: simple, compound, and complex sentences. The teacher explains each type and gives examples.
3. Step 3: Student Contributions and Corrections
   • Teacher encourages students to form their own sentences, guiding them to create simple, compound, and complex sentences.

Teacher’s Activities

• Writes examples of simple, compound, and complex sentences on the board.
• Guides students to identify the types of sentences.
• Encourages students to use conjunctions to join sentences.
• Monitors student participation and provides corrections.

Learners’ Activities

• Listen to the teacher’s explanations and examples.
• Participate by forming their own sentences.
• Answer evaluation questions in class.
• Work in pairs or groups to complete sentence-building exercises.

Assessment

1. What is a simple sentence?
2. Can you give an example of a compound sentence?
3. How do you join two sentences with “but”?
4. What makes a sentence complex?
5. Give an example of a sentence using “and.”
6. What is the subject in the sentence, “The cat sleeps”?
7. What does “because” show in a sentence?
8. Can a compound sentence be very short?
9. What punctuation do we use in a compound sentence?
10. What is a conjunction?

Conclusion

• Teacher goes around marking students’ work and provides feedback on sentence formation.
• The teacher asks students to share one sentence they created and corrects where necessary.