Disaster – Meaning , Types and Causes of Disaster Social Studies Primary 5 Third Term Lesson Notes Week 10
Subject : Social Studies
Topic:Understanding Disaster: Meaning, Types, Causes, and Effects
Sub-topic: Natural and Man-Made Disasters
Duration: 45 minutes
Class : Primary 5
Term : Third Term
Week : Week 10
Previous Knowledge : Pupils have previous knowledge of
Pollution – Meaning (Types) and Effects of Pollution
that have been taught in their former lessons and classes
Behavioural Objectives : At the end of the lesson , pupils should be able to
- say the meaning of disaster
- mention types of disaster
- explain the causes of disaster
- mention ways to prevent disaster
- Students will understand the meaning of disaster and its types.
- Students will identify the causes of natural and man-made disasters.
- Students will recognize the effects of disasters on lives and properties.
- Students will learn how to prevent man-made disasters through responsible actions.
Key Vocabulary Words:
- Disaster
- Natural Disaster
- Man-Made Disaster
- Global Warming
- Flood
- Earthquake
- Deforestation
- Carelessness
- Negligence
- Refuse
Methods Of Teaching
- Discussion
- Explanation
- Dramatization
- Dialogue
- Story telling
- Questions and Answers
- Role Modelling
Embedded Core Skills:
- Critical thinking: Analyzing causes and effects of disasters.
- Communication: Discussing and sharing ideas about disaster prevention.
- Problem-solving: Brainstorming solutions to prevent man-made disasters.
Instructional Materials
- Wall Charts
- Pictures
- Online materials
- Textbooks
- Scheme of work
- Workbooks
Learning Resources and Materials:
- Textbooks: Lagos State Scheme of Work, Social Studies textbooks
- Pictures and diagrams illustrating natural and man-made disasters
- Flipchart and markers
- Flashcards with key vocabulary words
Building Background / Connection to Prior Knowledge:
- Review previous lessons on environmental studies and human activities.
- Discuss students’ prior knowledge of disasters they may have heard of or experienced.
Content:
- Introduction to Disaster: Definition and Explanation.
- Types of Disasters: Natural and Man-Made.
- Causes of Natural Disasters: Discuss various natural phenomena like flooding, earthquakes, and hurricanes.
- Causes of Man-Made Disasters: Explore human activities leading to disasters such as negligence and deforestation.
- Effects of Disasters: Identify the impacts of disasters on lives, properties, and the environment.
- Prevention of Man-Made Disasters: Discuss practical steps to avoid man-made disasters, such as proper waste disposal and vehicle maintenance.
What is disaster ?
Disaster is a sad unplanned natural event that happened . Disasters are caused by man or by nature . Natural disaster is caused by natural events like thunder , flooding , snow or wind . Unnatural Disasters or man made disasters are caused by human activities like mining , digging , diving etc.
Causes of Natural Disasters
1. Global warming
2. Change in climate
3. Flooding
4. Torrential Rainfalls
5. Tempest
6. Cyclone
7. Hurricane
8. Volcanic eruption
9. Earthquake
10. Acidic rainfall
11. Heavy and non stop rainfall
- Overflowing of rivers onto dry land
Lack of enough rainfall
Reckless cutting down of tress without planting new ones (Deforestation)
Disaster – Meaning, Types and Causes of Disaster
- What is disaster?
- Disaster is a sad, unplanned event caused by nature or humans.
- Natural disasters include thunder, flooding, and hurricanes.
- Man-made disasters result from human activities like mining or construction.
- Causes of Natural Disasters
- Global warming
- Flooding
- Earthquakes
- Volcanic eruptions
- Deforestation
- Causes of Man-Made Disasters
- Carelessness
- Negligence
- Use of substandard building materials
- Road accidents
- Effects of Natural Disasters
- Loss of lives and properties
- Severe injuries
- Destruction of farmland
- How to Control Man-Made Disasters
- Avoid illegal activities like sand mining and bush burning.
- Proper waste disposal
- Regular maintenance of vehicles and electrical appliances
- Planting trees to replace those cut down.
Class Activity Discussion
- What is a disaster?
- A disaster is a sad, unexpected event caused by nature or humans.
- What causes natural disasters?
- Natural disasters are caused by events like flooding, hurricanes, or earthquakes.
- What are examples of natural disasters?
- Examples include floods, hurricanes, earthquakes, and volcanic eruptions.
- What are man-made disasters?
- Man-made disasters result from human activities like mining, road accidents, or building collapses.
- What are some effects of natural disasters?
- Effects include loss of lives, properties, severe injuries, and destruction of farmland.
- How can we prevent natural disasters?
- We can’t prevent natural disasters, but we can prepare and respond to them effectively.
- What are the causes of man-made disasters?
- Causes include carelessness, negligence, and the use of substandard materials in construction.
- What are the effects of man-made disasters?
- Effects include loss of lives, injuries, property damage, and environmental destruction.
- How can we control man-made disasters?
- By avoiding illegal activities like sand mining, proper waste disposal, and maintaining vehicles.
- What should we do in case of a natural disaster?
- Follow safety guidelines, evacuate if necessary, and seek shelter in safe places.
- How can individuals contribute to disaster prevention?
- By being vigilant, reporting hazards, and following safety regulations.
- Why is it important to dispose of waste properly?
- Improper waste disposal can lead to environmental pollution and blockage of drainage systems.
- What role does climate change play in disasters?
- Climate change can exacerbate natural disasters like floods and storms.
- Why is it important to maintain vehicles regularly?
- Regular maintenance helps prevent accidents and ensures vehicles function properly during emergencies.
- How does deforestation contribute to disasters?
- Deforestation disrupts ecosystems, leading to soil erosion, flooding, and loss of biodiversity.
Evaluation
questions:
- What is a disaster?
- a) ___________ event that happened unexpectedly.
- b) An event planned by humans.
- c) A joyful celebration.
- d) A planned natural occurrence.
- Natural disasters are caused by ___________.
- a) Human activities
- b) Environmental conservation
- c) Trees and plants
- d) Animal activities
- Man-made disasters result from ___________.
- a) Global warming
- b) Natural events
- c) Human activities
- d) Animal behavior
- Causes of natural disasters include ___________.
- a) Lack of rain
- b) Deforestation
- c) Planting trees
- d) Environmental protection
- Examples of natural disasters are ___________.
- a) Road accidents
- b) Flooding and earthquakes
- c) Plane crashes
- d) Building collapses
- Man-made disasters are caused by ___________.
- a) Natural events
- b) Climate change
- c) Human negligence
- d) Weather patterns
- Effects of natural disasters include ___________.
- a) Increase in jobs
- b) Loss of lives and properties
- c) Better transportation facilities
- d) Environmental improvements
- How can natural disasters be controlled?
- a) Encourage illegal activities
- b) Avoid deforestation
- c) Promote unsafe practices
- d) Plant more trees
- Man-made disasters often result from ___________.
- a) Carelessness and forgetfulness
- b) Environmental conservation efforts
- c) Strict safety regulations
- d) Obedience to rules and regulations
- What is the main cause of land pollution?
- a) Deforestation
- b) Littering and improper waste disposal
- c) Recycling efforts
- d) Planting trees
- Which of the following is not a man-made disaster?
- a) Road accident
- b) Earthquake
- c) Collapse of buildings
- d) Boat mishap
- What are the consequences of land pollution?
- a) Cleaner surroundings
- b) Blockage of drainage systems
- c) Increase in wildlife habitats
- d) Preservation of natural resources
- How can man-made disasters be prevented?
- a) Encourage unsafe practices
- b) Avoid careless actions and negligence
- c) Promote deforestation
- d) Ignore safety regulations
- What is the primary cause of air pollution?
- a) Planting trees
- b) Smoke from burning wood and exhaust pipes
- c) Recycling efforts
- d) Conservation of natural resources
- How can air pollution be controlled?
- a) Encourage burning of waste
- b) Plant more trees
- c) Reduce emissions from vehicles and industries
- d) Ignore pollution regulations
Causes of Man Made Disaster
1. Carelessness
2. Negligence
3. Forgetfulness
4. Use of sub standard building materials
5. Collapse building
6. Road accident
7. Water accident
8. Boat mishap
9. Plane crash
10. Train accident
Effects Of Natural Disaster On Lives And Properties
1. Loss of lives
2. Loss of properties
3. Severe injuries like loss of limbs
4. Loss of job
5. loss of homes
6. loss of farmland
7. Destruction of farmland
- It also leads to blockage of communication and transportation facilities
How to control Man Made Disaster
- Avoid illegal sand mining
Avoid bush burning
Avoid activities that will lead to the blockage of the drainage system
Always dispose your refuse properly
All electrical appliances must be switched off before leaving office at the end of the day’s work
All vehicles must be maintained and serviced regularly.
More trees should be planted for every tree that has been cut down
Presentation:
- Step 1: Recap previous lessons on environmental studies and human activities. Pollution – Meaning (Types) and Effects of Pollution
- Step 2: Introduce the new topic of disasters and explain its significance.
- Step 3: Engage students in discussions about different types and causes of disasters.
Teacher’s Activities:
- Presenting key concepts and definitions.
- Facilitating discussions and group activities.
- Providing examples and illustrations to enhance understanding.
Learners’ Activities:
- Participating in discussions and sharing experiences.
- Analyzing pictures and diagrams related to disasters.
- Asking questions and seeking clarification when needed.
Assessment:
- Observing students’ participation and engagement in discussions.
- Evaluating students’ understanding through oral questioning and quizzes.
- Reviewing students’ written responses to reflection questions.
Ten Evaluation Questions:
- What is a disaster, and how can it be defined?
- Name two types of disasters and give examples of each.
- What are three causes of natural disasters?
- How does deforestation contribute to disasters?
- List two effects of natural disasters on lives and properties.
- Mention three causes of man-made disasters.
- How can we prevent man-made disasters through responsible actions?
- Describe the effects of disasters on the environment.
- Why is it important to dispose of waste properly?
- What role do individuals play in disaster prevention?
- What is the meaning of disaster
- What is the meaning of man made disaster
- Mention four causes of man made disaster
- Write out three causes of Natural disaster
- Mention four effects of Natural disaster
Conclusion:
- Review key points covered in the lesson.
- Provide feedback on students’ understanding and participation.
- Assign homework or further reading on disaster preparedness and prevention.
The class teacher gives out a short note and he or she goes round to do the necessary marking .
Assignment
Please kindly prepare for the next lesson by reading about
Mechanized Agriculture – Meaning, Advantages and Disadvantages of Mechanized Agriculture